1. Diversity in gut bacterial community of school-age children in Asia.
- Author
-
Nakayama J, Watanabe K, Jiang J, Matsuda K, Chao SH, Haryono P, La-Ongkham O, Sarwoko MA, Sujaya IN, Zhao L, Chen KT, Chen YP, Chiu HH, Hidaka T, Huang NX, Kiyohara C, Kurakawa T, Sakamoto N, Sonomoto K, Tashiro K, Tsuji H, Chen MJ, Leelavatcharamas V, Liao CC, Nitisinprasert S, Rahayu ES, Ren FZ, Tsai YC, and Lee YK
- Subjects
- Asia, Bacteroides classification, Bacteroides genetics, Bifidobacterium classification, Bifidobacterium genetics, Bile Acids and Salts biosynthesis, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Child, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Bacterial analysis, Feces microbiology, Humans, Metagenome, Phylogeny, Prevotella classification, Prevotella genetics, Principal Component Analysis, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Bacteroides isolation & purification, Bifidobacterium isolation & purification, Biodiversity, Gastrointestinal Tract microbiology, Prevotella isolation & purification
- Abstract
Asia differs substantially among and within its regions populated by diverse ethnic groups, which maintain their own respective cultures and dietary habits. To address the diversity in their gut microbiota, we characterized the bacterial community in fecal samples obtained from 303 school-age children living in urban or rural regions in five countries spanning temperate and tropical areas of Asia. The microbiota profiled for the 303 subjects were classified into two enterotype-like clusters, each driven by Prevotella (P-type) or Bifidobacterium/Bacteroides (BB-type), respectively. Majority in China, Japan and Taiwan harbored BB-type, whereas those from Indonesia and Khon Kaen in Thailand mainly harbored P-type. The P-type microbiota was characterized by a more conserved bacterial community sharing a greater number of type-specific phylotypes. Predictive metagenomics suggests higher and lower activity of carbohydrate digestion and bile acid biosynthesis, respectively, in P-type subjects, reflecting their high intake of diets rich in resistant starch. Random-forest analysis classified their fecal species community as mirroring location of resident country, suggesting eco-geographical factors shaping gut microbiota. In particular, children living in Japan harbored a less diversified microbiota with high abundance of Bifidobacterium and less number of potentially pathogenic bacteria, which may reflect their living environment and unique diet.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF