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Five outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease have occurred in South Korea during 2000-2011. Macro-analysis of these outbreaks showed a correlation with outbreaks in countries in eastern Asia. Genetic analyses of food-and-mouth disease viruses in South Korea showed a correlation with viruses that are prevalent in neighboring countries.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious infectious disease, and the use of vaccines is known to be effective for its prevention. In 2010/2011, there was an epidemic of the South East Asia (SEA) topotype in East Asian countries. We adapted the SEA topotype virus isolated in November 2010 in Korea in cells to analyze the characteristics of the virus and evaluate its possibility as a vaccine. After cell culture adaptation, the FMD virus particle 146S was purified to develop an inactivated oil vaccine for SEA or other topotypes. To measure its immunogenicity, pigs were inoculated with the experimental vaccine at different concentrations of the antigen. The results indicated that the groups immunized with at least 7.5 μg antigen were protected from homologous challenge. The immunized pigs were also protected against heterologous virus (ME-SA topotype) challenge. The genetic variations between the two field isolates and the adapted vaccine strains were identified in six amino acids by complete genome sequencing., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks recently affected 2 countries (Japan and South Korea) in eastern Asia that were free of FMD without vaccination. Analysis of viral protein 1 nucleotide sequences indicated that FMD serotype A and O viruses that caused these outbreaks originated in mainland Southeast Asia to which these viruses are endemic.