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Considering the current situation of coal mine, it is needed to take coal miners' safety behavior and coal mine environment into consideration. The coal miners' safety behavior level is considered as the main research object. With the help of the effect mechanism in coal miners' safety research, the human capital investment theory has been carried out and in application. What's more, further research on human capital investment for coal miners' safety should be taken. Considering the subjectivity and uncertainty, more and more coal mine accidents focus on miners' safety behavior. Since the actual problems of coal miners' safety behavior level are concluded, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is inserted into gray relating analysis process (GRAP), and at the same time, the software tool of MATLAB and the theory of matrix are used to check the strict consistency. Taking a case of coal mine in Anhui Province as an example, the model of coal miners' safety behavior based on multi-hierarchical grey evaluation method is constructed and then verified. The results show that the largest impact on miners' safety behavior is coal miners' safety incentive level, there is no doubt that this method provides scientific reference for the evaluation problem of coal miners' safety behavior level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]