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This work presents an assessment of the wind potential and a design methodology for a 10 MW wind farm in the Arzew industrial region, located in northwest Algeria, to improve the quality of service of the electricity grid and increase Algeria's participation in the use of renewable energy. The hourly wind data of 10 years (2005-2015) that correspond to the wind potential of the site were analyzed, such as: dominant wind directions, probability distribution, Weibull parameters, mean wind speed and power potential. The site has a mean annual wind speed of 4.46 m/s at 10m height, and enough space to locate the wind turbines. A comparative study was carried out between four wind turbine technologies to improve the site's efficiency and select the appropriate technology: PowerWind 56/ 900 kW, Nordex N50/800 kW, Vestas V50/850 kW, NEG-Micon 44/750 kW. The estimate of the energy produced using WAsP software and the choice of the optimal architectural configuration for wind turbines installation was confirmed. A techno-economic and environmental study was carried out by HOMER software, to choose the model that produces the maximum annual net energy with a competitive cost in the global wind energy market, $ 0.068/kWh, and that provides clean energy with a reduced emission of polluting gases. Finally, this work provides a good indicator for the construction of a wind farm in Arzew. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of renewable energy such as wind power is one of the most affordable solutions to meet the basic demand for electricity because it is the cleanest and most efficient resource. In Algeria, the highland region has considerable wind potential. However, the electrical power system located is this region is generally not powerful enough to solve the problems of voltage instability during grid fault conditions. These problems can make the connection with the eventual installation of a wind farm very difficult and inefficient. Therefore, a wind farm project in this region may require dynamic compensation devices, such as a distributed-flexible AC transmission system (D-FACTS) to improve its fault ride through (FRT) capability. This paper investigates the implementation of shunt D-FACTS, under grid fault conditions, considering the grid requirements over FRT performance and the voltage stability issue for a wind farm connected to the distribution network in the Algerian highland region. Two types of D-FACTSs considered in this paper are the distribution static VAr compensator (D-SVC) and the distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM). Some simulation results show a comparative study between the D-SVC and D-STATCOM devices connected at the point of common coupling (PCC) to support a wind farm based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) under grid fault conditions. Finally, an appropriate solution to this problem is presented by sizing and giving the suitable choice of D-FACTS, while offering a feasibility study of this wind farm project by economic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: At the dawn of the twenty-first century, one of the major problems of mankind is to combine the energy, the respect for environment. A problem of sustainable development has been clearly demonstrated in the Earth Summit in Johannesburg 2002. Among the major battles to be fought in this century for the survival of the planet is to include energy efficiency as an international political priority, reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Renewable energy, inexhaustible, clean, are needed in these conditions as a priority. Algeria has entered its energy strategy in the context of sustainable development by integrating the promotion of renewable energy. The legislative and regulatory framework adopted in recent years testifies to this irreversible commitment. Three major laws govern the field of renewable energy and state incentives enjoyed by this sector. The law on energy management enacted in 1999 provides for the creation of a National Fund for Energy Management (NFEM) which helps to finance renewable energy projects. As part of the implementation of the law on electricity and public distribution of gas by pipeline passed in 2002, executive decree on the costs of diversification of electricity production promulgated in 2004 provides for the granting of premium for green electricity up to 300% of normal rate. Some projects for electrification of rural villages in the sun have been made in Great South of Algeria. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Wind resources present a promising option to be integrated with the conventional energy sources to match the increased demand of electricity. This paper aims to investigate the possibility to set up a wind farm of 10 MW in Adrar, a region located in the south of the country. Using the wasp software, the wind resources of the zone of interest was performed, it indicates that wind speed reach 8.44 m/s at a height of 80 meters. Then, two sites Kaberten(75 north of Adrar) and Zaouia (80 Km south of Adrar) were selected. The wind farm study show that Aouia present the better performance, it can be expected to achieve from this site a production of 40 GW and a full load hours about 4044h. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The Algerian energy strategy is decidedly towards sustainable development by integrating the promotion of renewable energy. The legislative and regulatory framework adopted in recent years testifies to this irreversible commitment. Three major laws govern the field of renewable energy and state incentives enjoyed by this sector. The law on energy management enacted in 1999 provides for the creation of a National Fund for Energy Management (NFEM) which helps to finance renewable energy projects. As part of the implementation of the law on electricity and public distribution of gas by pipeline passed in 2002, executive decree on the costs of diversification of electricity production promulgated in 2004 provides for the granting of premium for green electricity up to 300% of normal rate. The law on the promotion of renewable energy in the context of sustainable development provides a national program to promote renewable energy and incentives for developing renewable energy. The implementing regulations are still pending. Some projects for electrification of rural villages in the sun have been made in Great South of Algeria. Currently, Algeria is engaged in two major projects that provide a place for solar and wind energy, hybrid gas-solar plant of Hassi R’Mel a capacity of 150 MW and wind farm in Tindouf. Other future projects are planned. In Algeria, despite a considerable potential, the share of renewable energies in the energy balance is still low especially in electricity generation. The rise of renewable energies in Algeria can not be conceived without the realization of a phased program of projects to produce electricity more important and connected to national grid electricity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper utilized wind speed data over a period of almost 10 years between 1977 and 1988 from three stations, Adrar, Timimoun and Tindouf, in order to assess the energy output for a 30 MW installed capacity wind farm at each site in Algeria in terms of gross energy, renewable energy delivered, specific yield and wind farm capacity factor. The energy output analysis was done using three wind energy conversion systems (WECs) of 600, 1000 and 2000 kW rated capacity. The RETScreen model was used to perform the economics feasibility study of the wind farms at these locations. The study concluded that a wind farm consisting of 30 wind turbines of 1 MW rated power each is more feasible for all sites than using other WECSs. Finally, wind park development at Adrar will avoid 45,111 tons of greenhouse gases (GHG) each year and about 1,127,775 tons of GHG over the lifetime of the wind power plant. Similarly, at Timimoun and Tindouf a total of 900,925 and 639,475 tons of GHG could be prevented from entering the local atmosphere of these stations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper utilized wind speed data over a period of almost 10 years between 1977 and 1988 from three stations, namely Adrar, Timimoun and Tindouf to assess the wind power potential at these sites. The long-term annual mean wind speed values along with the wind turbine power curve values were used to estimate the annual energy output for a 30MW installed capacity wind farm at each site. A total of 30 wind turbines each of 1000kW rated power were used in the analysis. The long-term mean wind speed at Adrar, Timimoun and Tindouf was 5.9, 5.1 and 4.3m/s at 10m above ground level (AGL), respectively. Higher wind speeds were observed in the day time between 09:00 and 18:00h and relatively smaller during rest of the period. Wind farms of 30MW installed capacity at Adrar, Timimoun and Tindouf, if developed, could produce 98,832, 78,138 and 56,040MWh of electricity annually taking into consideration the temperature and pressure adjustment coefficients of about 6% and all other losses of about 10%, respectively. The plant capacity factors at Adrar, Timimoun and Tindouf were found to be 38%, 30% and 21%, respectively. Finally, the cost of energy (COE) was found to be 3.1, 4.3 and 6.6 US cents/kWh at Adrar, Timimoun and Tindouf, respectively. It was noticed that such a development at these sites could result into avoidance of 48,577, 38,406 and 27,544tons/year of CO2 equivalents green house gas (GHG) from entering into the local atmosphere, thus creating a clean and healthy atmosphere for local inhabitants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]