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Evidence suggests that dentists, with their existing commitment to prevention and their opportunity for regular interaction with patients, have the potential to significantly decrease tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. In 1992, dentists belonging to the Alberta Dental Association were surveyed to determine their attitudes, behavior and perceived obstacles to tobacco counselling. The 755 respondents represent 55 per cent of the province's practising dentists. Their attitudes toward involvement in tobacco counselling varied. Over 90 per cent agreed that dentists should show leadership and set a good example. However, only 60-70 per cent indicated that they should try to convince or actively help patients quit, and 25 per cent indicated that intervention was not appropriate. Little difference was found in the preferred counselling approach, with most dentists limiting their counselling efforts to discussing the hazards of smoking and benefits of quitting. Very few provided patients with specific strategies to change their smoking behavior. Perceived obstacles to tobacco counselling included a lack of coordination and exchange of information between dentistry and cessation services, pessimism about the patients' ability to change their tobacco habit, the need for further training, and the fact that counselling was not a high priority. This survey suggests that dentists could expand their role as tobacco counsellors. Professional associations and educational institutions have the potential to greatly assist the dental community in this regard, and attention should be given to the development and dissemination of informational campaigns and educational workshops.