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The article presents the results of a study of the diet of breeding Ospreys or Pandion haliaetus in the Cape Verde Archipelago in Northwestern Africa by analyzing the recovered prey remains. It reveals that their diet was dominated by only six fish species such as the demersal reef fish and littoral pelagic species. The article also informs that climate change may represent a potentially more serious threat for the bird than overfishing due to potential decrease in marine productivity and fish biomass associated with the ongoing moderate warming of the Canary Current System.