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The aim of this study is to determine and determine the effect of using Turkish as the language of instruction in teaching Turkish as a foreign language on students' listening skills. Forth is purpose, the effect of using Turkish as a language of instruction on the acquisition of Turkish grammar rules, comprehension of Turkish reading, and Turkish listening skills were investigated in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. The population of the study consisted of students studying in the Department of Turkish Language at Kabul University in Afghanistan in the 2004-2005 academic year. The sample of the study consists of 37 students studying at two different branches of the Department of Turkish Language and Literature at Kabul University in Afghanistan. The experimental group of the study (n = 20); the control group (n = 17) consisted of students aged between 19 and 28 years. As a result of the research, it is seen that the students who learn Turkish as a foreign language, listening comprehension and listening skills success in Turkish language have increased significantly in the experimental group where Turkish is used as the language of instruction and there is no significant change in the control group. This result shows that the use of Turkish as the language of instruction in teaching Turkish to foreigners has a statistically significant effect on the development of Turkish listening skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]