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Background/aim: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of various diets with zinc or zinc in combination with resveratrol or genistein on mineral contents of the serum, urine, liver, kidney and heart in rats with chemically-induced mammary carcinoma., Materials and Methods: The manuscript presents the tissues and body fluids content of iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium and copper in control rats or rats treated with 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene to induce mammary carcinogenesis, under four dietary conditions: standard feed, Zn supplemented feed (6.9 mg Zn/ml), Zn and resveratrol (0.2 mg/kg body) supplemented feed, or Zn and genistein (0.2 mg/kg body) supplemented feed., Results: The content of calcium and copper highly varied depending on the tissue and the type of dietary supplement (no change for zinc and magnesium). Irrespective of the diet used, the chemical induction of mammary cancer caused a decrease in iron concentration in most samples analysed. Only supplementation of the rats' diet with zinc and genistein induced no changes in iron distribution in the serum, urine, liver, kidney and heart., Conclusion: Further research using various levels of zinc and genistein in the diet should be conducted to determine how the development and progression of cancer is linked to iron content in cells and its ability to accumulate in tumour tissue., (Copyright© 2021, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)

The aim of this study was to assess skeletal effects of zinc or zinc with phytoestrogen (resveratrol or genistein) supplementation in an animal model of rats with DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis. The changes in bone parameters such as the length and mass were examined, as well as the changes in concentrations of selected minerals: calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and phosphorus. Moreover, the investigations focused on finding the differences between the levels of iron and zinc in other tissues: the liver, spleen and serum of the examined rats. Fifty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats, 40 days old, were divided into four groups, regardless of the diets: standard (77mg Zn kg/food), zinc (4.6mg/mL via gavage), zinc (4.6mg/mL) plus resveratrol (0.2mg/kgbw), and zinc (4.6mg/mL) plus genistein (0.2mg/kgbw) for a period from 40 days until 20 weeks of age. The study rats were also treated with 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) to induce mammary carcinogenesis. The applied diet and the advanced mammary cancer did not affect macrometric parameters of the rats' bones, but they strongly affected their mineral content. It was found that mammary cancer, irrespectively of the applied diet, significantly modified the iron level in the femur, liver, spleen and serum of the examined rats. In addition, zinc supplementation significantly lowered the levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in the femur of rats with mammary cancer as compared with respective levels in the control group. So, it was found that additional supplementation with zinc, which is generally considered to be an antioxidant, with the co-existing mammary carcinoma, increased the unfavorable changes as concerns the stability of bone tissue. The appropriate combination of zinc and phytoestrogens (resveratrol or genistein) could help prevent or slow bone loss associated with a range of skeletal disorders in breast cancer., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dietary supplementation (with zinc or zinc and polyphenolic compounds - resveratrol or genistein) on antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase - GPx, catalase - CAT and superoxide dismutase - SOD) and the frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) in a widely used model of mammary carcinogenesis induced in the rat by treatment with 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA). The impact of selected compounds on the intensity of DMBA-induced carcinogenesis was also assessed. Sixty four Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into study groups which, apart from the standard diet and DMBA, were treated with zinc, zinc and resveratrol or zinc and genistein via gavage for a period ranging from 40 days to 20 weeks of age. On the basis of the obtained results it can be said that synergistic reaction between Zn(II) and genistein causes a delay in cancer development as compared with the animals treated with DMBA but with no food supplementation. Supplementation with Zn(II) and polyphenolic compounds resulted in the occurrence of microsatellite instabilities in tumors. LOH (loss of heterozygosity) was found in tumor samples at microsatellite D1Mgh6 and D3Mgh9. DMBA treatment increased significantly the glutathione peroxidase activity whereas it had no effect on the SOD and CAT activities, as compared with control rats. Diet supplementation has an effect on the activity of selected antioxidant enzymes. Diet supplementation has an effect on the occurrence of microsatellite instabilities as well as on the intensity of the neoplastic process. The intensity of occurrence of microsatellite instabilities does not depend on the activity of selected antioxidant enzymes.

Background: Epigenetic alterations have been identified as promising new targets for cancer prevention strategies as they occur early during carcinogenesis and represent potentially initiating events for cancer development., Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of zinc and copper on the DNA methylation in rats whose breast adenocarcinoma was simultaneously induced with 7, 12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). The research focused on the kinetics of alterations in urinary 5-MedC (5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine) at the early and late stages of carcinogenesis, as well as the influence of dietary factors on the process., Methods: The content of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine in the rats' urine was determined by the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method. The 5-MedC level was standardized by conversion to the creatinine level., Results: It was found that in the rats fed only the standard diet and DMBA-treated the urinary levels of 5-MedC collected after the 10th week were considerably lower in comparison with the content of this biomarker in urine starting from the 19th week (43.56 ± 14.34 vs. 71.84 ± 42.64). The animals treated with DMBA and additionally obtaining copper were characterized by a much higher content of the examined biomarker in urine, both in the early phase of carcinogenesis (10th week) and later (19th week), as compared with the animals fed only the standard diet or the zinc-supplemented diet. In the rats with a fully developed tumor (100% incidence of the disease) the applied dose of resveratrol (0.2 mg/kg bw) was too low to prevent the intensive formation and increase of 5-MedC level in urine, additionally stimulated by the presence of Cu in the diet as well as by the active, ongoing neoplastic process., Conclusions: Summing up the obtained results of investigations it can be said that the urinary level of 5-MedC depends on the applied supplementation.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with zinc and polyphenol compounds, i.e. resveratrol and genistein, on the effectiveness of chemically induced mammary cancer and the changes in the content of selected elements (Zn, Cu, Mg, Fe, Ca) in tumors as compared with normal tissue of the mammary gland., Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into study groups which, apart from the standard diet and DMBA (7,12-dimethyl-1,2- benz[a]anthracene), were treated with zinc ions (Zn) or zinc ions + resveratrol (Zn + resveratrol) or zinc ions + genistein (Zn + genistein) via gavage for a period from 40 days until 20 weeks of age. The ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) technique was used to analyze the following elements: magnesium, iron, zinc and calcium. Copper content in samples was estimated in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer., Results: Regardless of the diet (standard; Zn; Zn + resveratrol; Zn + genistein), DMBA-induced breast carcinogenesis was not inhibited. On the contrary, in the Zn + resveratrol supplemented group, tumorigenesis developed at a considerably faster rate. On the basis of quantitative analysis of selected elements we found--irrespectively of the diet applied--great accumulation of copper and iron, which are strongly prooxidative, with a simultaneous considerable decrease of the magnesium content in DMBA-induced mammary tumors. The combination of zinc supplementation with resveratrol resulted in particularly large differences in the amount of the investigated elements in tumors as compared with their content in normal tissue., Conclusions: Diet supplementation with zinc and polyphenol compounds, i.e. resveratrol and genistein had no effect on the decreased copper level in tumor tissue and inhibited mammary carcinogenesis in the rat. Irrespectively of the applied diet, the development of the neoplastic process in rats resulted in changes of the iron and magnesium content in the cancerous tissue in comparison with the healthy mammary tissue. The application of combined diet supplementation with zinc ions and resveratrol considerably promoted the rate of carcinogenesis and increased the number of DMBA-induced mammary tumors.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of zinc or copper and polyphenolic compounds on the 8-isoprostaglandin F2α concentration in the serum and urine of rats with mammary cancer (adenocarcinoma) induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]antracene. The research focused on the kinetics of alterations in urinary 8-isoPGF2α at the early stage of carcinogenesis as well as the influence of dietary factors on the process. The impact of selected compounds on the intensity of DMBA--induced carcinogenesis was also assessed., Result and Conclusions: Administration of DMBA, a compound that inducers mammary tumors in experimental animals, increased the serum and urinary 8-isoPGF2α levels in study rats. In the rat model, diet supplementation with zinc, combined with selected polyphenolic compounds (resveratrol or genistein) yielded a statistically significant decrease in the rat serum and urinary biomarker concentration with a simultaneously significant stimulation of carcinogenesis.The results indicate that there is an inverse correlation between the intensity of DMBA-induced carcinogenicity and the level of 8-isoPGF2α in urine and serum of rats.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the mineral composition (Zn, Cu, Ca, Fe, Mg, P) of breast tumor tissue and hair, and to investigate the role of Zn and Cu contents in diet on tumor development, with DMBA-induced rat breast cancer being the experimental model. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into study groups which, apart from the standard diet, were treated with Zinc ions (Zn) or Copper ions (Cu) via gavage for a period of from 40 days to 20 weeks of age. Regardless of diet (standard feed; Zn; Cu), DMBA-induced breast carcinogenesis was not inhibited. On the contrary, in the Cu-supplemented group, tumorigenesis developed at a considerably faster rate. Regardless of diet (standard feed; Zn; Cu), the induced tumors showed increased Fe and decreased Mg levels in contrast to those in the normal control tissue. Additional supplementation of the rat diet with Zn and Cu also resulted in an increased Cu level, with no effect on the Zn concentration. Most study groups (standard; Zn) also had an increased Fe content and decreased Mg, Ca, and P levels in the rat hair as compared with those in the controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with zinc and polyphenol compounds, i.e. resveratrol and genistein, on the effectiveness of changes in the content of select elements (Zn, Mg, Fe, Ca, and P) in hair of rats with chemically (DMBA (7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene) induced mammary cancer. Regardless of the diet (standard; Zn; Zn+genistein) there occurred an increase in Fe and Zn content as well as a decrease in Ca, Mg, and P content in the hair of rats with mammary cancer in comparison with the content of those elements in healthy animals. Only in the group of rats supplemented with Zn and resveratrol were no changes in hair observed as compared with the control group, fed the same diet but without DMBA supplementation. The process of neoplasia in mammary tissue caused a number of changes in the concentrations of elements in hair. Certain dietary factors seem to have a significant effect on the distribution of elements in hair, but the reason for this phenomenon remains unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]