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Death from massive hemorrhage represents a global problem. It is a challenging task to design hemostatic materials with significant efficacy, good biocompatibility, reliable safety, and high stability. In this study, we demonstrate an effective bio-inorganic hybrid hemostat fabricated by stepwise procedures of on-site growth of zeolite gauze and immobilization of trypsin on the zeolite gauze. The as-synthesized hybrid hemostat catalyzes the transition of prothrombin-to-thrombin and exhibits excellent procoagulant performance in the both normal plasma and FX-deficient plasma. The hemostatic treatment of junctional femoral artery rupture in the porcine model confirms that this hybrid hemostat manifests itself with superior hemostatic performance over commercial hemostatic dressings, in terms of a reduced time to hemostasis and blood loss. The stability of the hybrid hemostat is validated through high temperature and violent shaking evaluation. This bio-inorganic hybrid hemostat displays high procoagulant activity, low cytotoxicity, and extended shelf life which may achieve the "Platinum Ten Minutes" rescue in battlefield and traffic accident medicine.

Hypothesis: Factor Va (FXa) and Xa (FVa) can assemble on the phosphatidylserine (PS) membrane (of platelet) to form prothrombinase complex and contribute to blood clotting. Very recently, we discovered that Ca-zeoliteacts as a type of reinforced activated inorganic platelet to enable assembly of prothrombinase complex and display an unusual zymogen (prothrombin) activation pattern. Inspired but not constrained by nature, it is of great interest to understand how FVa and FXa assembly on the inorganic surface (e.g., zeolites) and perform their biocatalytic function., Experiments: Given the important role of FVa C1-C2 domains in the assembly and activity of the prothrombinase complex, in this work, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the binding details of FVa A3-C1-C2 domains on the PS membranes and Ca 2+ -LTA-type (CaA) zeolite surface., Findings: We found that different from the natural PS membrane, FVa light chain repeatedly exhibits a strong C2 domain anchoring interaction on the CaA zeolite. It mainly arises from the porous surface structure of CaA zeolite and local highly dense solvation water clusters on the CaA zeolite surface restrict the movement of some lysine residues on the C2 domain. The anchoring interaction can be suppressed by reducing the surface negative charge density, so that FVa light chain can change from single-foot (only C2 domain) to double-foot (both C1-C2 domain) adsorption states on the zeolite surface. This double-foot adsorption state is similar to natural PS membrane systems, which may make FVa have higher cofactor activity., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Zeolite is a multifunctional material, which recently exhibited promising prospects in emerging biological and medical applications. This study reported a new bio-inorganic hybrid of zeolite-fibrin clot composite serving as haemostatic agent in haemophilia A. The zeolite-fibrin clot composite promoted haemocompatibility and helped to achieve short clotting time both in vitro (22 ± 3 s vs. >600 s) and in vivo (4.5 min vs. >60 min) compared to control in coagulation factor VIII deficiency bleeding model. Therefore, in situations of surgical operation or accidental injury, this effective and ready-to-use haemostatic agent may provide rapid haemostasis for haemophilia A patients.

Achieving rapid definitive hemostasis is essential to ensure survival of patients with massive bleeding in pre-hospital care. It is however challenging to develop hemostatic agents or dressings that simultaneously deliver a fast, long-lasting and safe treatment of hemorrhage. Here, we integrate meso-/micro-porosity, blood coagulation and stability into a flexible zeolite-cotton hybrid hemostat. We employ an on-site template-free growth route that tightly binds mesoporous single-crystal chabazite zeolite onto the surface of cotton fibers. This hemostatic material maintains high procoagulant activity after water flow treatment. Chabazite particles are firmly anchored onto the cotton surface with < 1% leaching after 10 min of sonication. The as-synthesized hemostatic device has superior hemostatic performance over most other clay or zeolite-based inorganic hemostats, in terms of higher procoagulant activity, minimized loss of active components and better scalability for practical applications (a hemostatic T-shirt is hereby demonstrated as an example).

It is challenging to develop a low-cost household water treatment (HWT) that simultaneously deliver an effective and robust way for safe and reliable water supply. Here, we report a simple flow-through filter made by zeolite-cotton packing in a tube (ZCT) as low-cost HWT device to remove heavy metal ions from contaminated water. The zeolite-cotton is fabricated by an on-site template-free growth route that tightly binds mesoporous single-crystal chabazite zeolite onto the surface of cotton fibers. As a result, the ZCT set-up with optimized diameter achieves both high adsorption efficiency, proper flow rate, reliable supply and strong stability at the same time. After flowed through the set up packed with 10 g of zeolite-cotton, 65 mL 1000 ppm Cu2+ solution was purified down to its safety limit (<1 ppm). Notably, their efficiency remains unaltered when filtering several ions simultaneously. In a simulated purification process, 8 L of water contaminated by Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ could be transformed into drinking water and it enables the removal of heavy metals to concentrations of below 5 ppb (μg L−1). We also show that the ZCT can be used for disinfection by introducing Ag-exchanged zeolite-cotton without contaminating the water with Ag ions (<0.05 ppm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]