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The Yonge Street Aquifer (YSA) in the Greater Toronto Area of south-central Ontario is a prolific municipal supply aquifer. It has been considered to be channelized sand and gravel linked to a bedrock valley. Despite considerable work, the fundamental conceptual model for the YSA is not well developed and documented. Based on high-quality data, a revised conceptual model of the aquifer is presented. Seismic profiles define the geometry of the regional stratigraphy with four distinct units: bedrock, Lower sediments, Newmarket Till, and Oak Ridges Moraine (ORM) sediment. Seismic data reveal two generations of roughly north-south channels: older sub-Newmarket Till channels within Lower sediments (termed Thorncliffe channel) and ORM-related channels (termed ORM channel) that incise both Newmarket Till and Lower sediments. The YSA is interpreted to occur within a Thorncliffe channel, with possible vertical connection to younger ORM channels and lateral connection to inter-channel Lower sediments. Thorncliffe channel deposits consist of fining-upward transitions from coarse gravel, to sand, to rhythmically bedded mud interpreted to be deposited within a channel - esker - subaqueous fan complex. Upper Thorncliffe channel mud facies and overlying Newmarket Till provide a capping aquitard. The YSA conceptual model benefits from a strong understanding of facies changes in the Thorncliffe Formation. The deposits with highest permeability occur within up to 80 m thick gravel and sand sequences at the base of the Thorncliffe channel, with transmissivity ranging from 1500 to 4500 m2/day. Groundwater level response to municipal pumping confirms connection along the channel with muted hydraulic response laterally. Thorncliffe channels are interpreted to be up to 20 km long and approximately 2 km wide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last half century, Canada's downtowns have been challenged by the development of sprawling suburbs and satellite communities. Many have witnessed the steady suburbanisation of population, employment, retail and service businesses and, as a result, faced increasing competitive pressures to maintain their commercial vitality and vibrancy. A collective response in Canada by the businesses affected in downtowns has been to form Business Improvement Areas (BIAs) with the primary aim of attracting more consumers to the downtown. This paper focuses on the evolutionary path that has been carved by the Downtown Yonge Business Improvement Area (DYBIA) in order to enhance, promote and market the commercial environment of the downtown shopping core of Canada's largest city, Toronto. The case study approach adopted in this paper tracks the development of DYBIA, one of Canada's largest BIAs, and outlines the key lessons learnt along the way. It highlights the development of incremental strategies along with the need to implement change through a series of measured actions. The paper discusses accountability and the challenges associated with facilitating change, and offers insights into the marketing and partnership opportunities offered to BIAs. The paper stresses the importance of devising strategic vision that is implemented through setting realistic goals and monitored using transparent metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on Toronto Public Library. The library is situated at 789, Yonge Street, Toronto. The library provides collections for the public and Slavic literature is mainly for adults. Materials represent a variety of genres, subjects, and formats for adults and children, which inform and entertain. The Toronto Public Library has a large reference collection with the widest selection of these languages.