8 results on '"Eggert J"'
Search Results
2. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction diagnostic development for the National Ignition Facility.
- Author
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Werellapatha, K., Palmer, N. E., Gorman, M. G., Bernier, J. V., Bhandarkar, N. S., Bradley, D. K., Braun, D. G., Bruhn, M., Carpenter, A., Celliers, P. M., Coppari, F., Dayton, M., Durand, C., Eggert, J. H., Ferguson, B., Heidl, B., Heinbockel, C., Heredia, R., Huckins, J., and Hurd, E. more...
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X-ray diffraction ,LASER plasmas ,X-rays ,PHOTONS - Abstract
We present the development of an experimental platform that can collect four frames of x-ray diffraction data along a single line of sight during laser-driven, dynamic-compression experiments at the National Ignition Facility. The platform is comprised of a diagnostic imager built around ultrafast sensors with a 2-ns integration time, a custom target assembly that serves also to shield the imager, and a 10-ns duration, quasi-monochromatic x-ray source produced by laser-generated plasma. We demonstrate the performance with diffraction data for Pb ramp compressed to 150 GPa and illuminated by a Ge x-ray source that produces ∼7 × 10
11 , 10.25-keV photons/ns at the 400 μm diameter sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
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3. Optimized x-ray emission from 10 ns long germanium x-ray sources at the National Ignition Facility.
- Author
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Werellapatha, K., Hall, G. N., Krauland, C., Krygier, A., Bhandarkar, N., Bradley, D. K., Coppari, F., Gorman, M. G., Heinbockel, C., Kemp, G. E., Khan, S. F., Lazicki, A., Masters, N., May, M. J., Nagel, S. R., Palmer, N. E., Eggert, J. H., and Benedetti, L. R. more...
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X-rays ,GERMANIUM ,X-ray diffraction measurement ,LASER measurement ,LOW temperature plasmas - Abstract
This study investigates methods to optimize quasi-monochromatic, ∼10 ns long x-ray sources (XRS) for time-resolved x-ray diffraction measurements of phase transitions during dynamic laser compression measurements at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). To support this, we produce continuous and pulsed XRS by irradiating a Ge foil with NIF lasers to achieve an intensity of 2 × 10
15 W/cm2 , optimizing the laser-to-x-ray conversion efficiency. Our x-ray source is dominated by Ge He-α line emission. We discuss methods to optimize the source to maintain a uniform XRS for ∼10 ns, mitigating cold plasma and higher energy x-ray emission lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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4. Long duration x-ray source development for x-ray diffraction at the National Ignition Facility.
- Author
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Werellapatha, K., Hall, G. N., Coppari, F., Kemp, G. E., Palmer, N. E., Krauland, C., Khan, S. F., Lazicki, A., Gorman, M. G., Nagel, S. R., Heinbockel, C., Bhandarkar, N., Masters, N., Bradley, D. K., Eggert, J. H., and Benedetti, L. R. more...
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X-ray diffraction ,X-rays ,PHASE transitions ,LASER pulses - Abstract
We present the results of experiments to produce a 10 ns-long, quasi-monochromatic x-ray source. This effort is needed to support time-resolved x-ray diffraction (XRDt) measurements of phase transitions during laser-driven dynamic compression experiments at the National Ignition Facility. To record XRDt of phase transitions as they occur, we use high-speed (∼1 ns) gated hybrid CMOS detectors, which record multiple frames of data over a timescale of a few to tens of ns. Consequently, to make effective use of these imagers, XRDt needs the x-ray source to be narrow in energy and uniform in time as long as the sensors are active. The x-ray source is produced by a laser irradiated Ge foil. Our results indicate that the x-ray source lasts during the whole duration of the main laser pulse. Both time-resolved and time-integrated spectral data indicate that the line emission is dominated by the He-α complex over higher energy emission lines. Time-integrated spectra agree well with a one-dimensional Cartesian simulation using HYDRA that predicts a conversion efficiency of 0.56% when the incident intensity is 2 × 10
15 W/cm2 on a Ge backlighter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Recovery of metastable dense Bi synthesized by shock compression.
- Author
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Coleman, A. L., McWilliams, R. S., Hermann, A., McMahon, M. I., Gorman, M. G., Briggs, R., McBride, E. E., Fratanduono, D. E., Smith, R. F., Eggert, J. H., McGonegle, D., Wark, J. S., Bolme, C. A., Gleason, A. E., Galtier, E., Lee, H. J., Granados, E., Rothman, S., and Collins, G. W. more...
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X-rays ,ELECTRONS ,DYNAMICS ,EQUILIBRIUM ,COMPRESSION loads - Abstract
X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) sources have revolutionized our capability to study ultrafast material behavior. Using an XFEL, we revisit the structural dynamics of shock compressed bismuth, resolving the transition sequence on shock release in unprecedented details. Unlike previous studies that found the phase-transition sequence on shock release to largely adhere to the equilibrium phase diagram (i.e., Bi-V → Bi-III → Bi-II → Bi-I), our results clearly reveal previously unseen, non-equilibrium behavior at these conditions. On pressure release from the Bi-V phase at 5 GPa, the Bi-III phase is not formed but rather a new metastable form of Bi. This new phase transforms into the Bi-II phase which in turn transforms into a phase of Bi which is not observed on compression. We determine this phase to be isostructural with β-Sn and recover it to ambient pressure where it exists for 20 ns before transforming back to the Bi-I phase. The structural relationship between the tetragonal β-Sn phase and the Bi-II phase (from which it forms) is discussed. Our results show the effect that rapid compression rates can have on the phase selection in a transforming material and show great promise for recovering high-pressure polymorphs with novel material properties in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2019
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6. Modeling Planetary Interiors in Laser Based Experiments Using Shockless Compression.
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Hawreliak, J., Colvin, J., Eggert, J., Kalantar, D. H., Lorenzana, H. E., Pollaine, S., Rosolankova, K., Remington, B. A., Stölken, J., and Wark, J. S.
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X-rays ,OPTICAL diffraction ,HIGH pressure (Science) ,CRYSTALS ,LASERS ,COMPRESSIBILITY - Abstract
X-ray diffraction is a widely used technique for measuring the crystal structure of a compressed material. Recently, short pulse x-ray sources have been used to measure the crystal structure in-situ while a sample is being dynamically loaded. To reach the ultra high pressures that are unattainable in static experiments at temperatures lower than using shock techniques, shockless quasi-isentropic compression is required. Shockless compression has been demonstrated as a successful means of accessing high pressures. The National Ignition Facility (NIF), which will begin doing high pressure material science in 2010, it should be possible to reach over 2 TPa quasi-isentropically. This paper outlines how x-ray diffraction could be used to study the crystal structure in laser driven, shocklessly compressed targets the same way it has been used in shock compressed samples. A simulation of a shockless laser driven iron is used to generate simulated diffraction signals, and recent experimental results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2007
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7. Powder diffraction from solids in the terapascal regime.
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Rygg, J. R., Eggert, J. H., Lazicki, A. E., Coppari, F., Hawreliak, J. A., Hicks, D. G., Smith, R. F., Sorce, C. M., Uphaus, T. M., Yaakobi, B., and Collins, G. W.
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OPTICAL diffraction , *DATA analysis , *PRESSURE , *LASER ablation , *X-rays , *CRYSTAL structure - Abstract
A method of obtaining powder diffraction data on dynamically compressed solids has been implemented at the Jupiter and OMEGA laser facilities. Thin powdered samples are sandwiched between diamond plates and ramp compressed in the solid phase using a gradual increase in the drive-laser intensity. The pressure history in the sample is determined by back-propagation of the measured diamond free-surface velocity. A pulse of x rays is produced at the time of peak pressure by laser illumination of a thin Cu or Fe foil and collimated at the sample plane by a pinhole cut in a Ta substrate. The diffracted signal is recorded on x-ray sensitive material, with a typical d-spacing uncertainty of ∼0.01 Å. This diagnostic has been used up to 0.9 TPa (9 Mbar) to verify the solidity, measure the density, constrain the crystal structure, and evaluate the strain-induced texturing of a variety of compressed samples spanning atomic numbers from 6 (carbon) to 82 (lead). Further refinement of the technique will soon enable diffraction measurements in solid samples at pressures exceeding 1 TPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2012
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8. X-ray Free Electron Laser-Induced Synthesis of ϵ-Iron Nitride at High Pressures
- Author
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Dana Dattlebaum, Alexander F. Goncharov, Thomas Vogt, R. Stewart McWilliams, R. J. Husband, Guillaume Morard, Emma McBride, A. L. Coleman, Vitali B. Prakapenka, Jaeyong Kim, Jona Mainberger, Elena Bykova, Jeffrey S. Pigott, Julien Chantel, Zuzana Konôpková, Leora E. Dresselhaus-Marais, Yongjae Lee, E. F. O'Bannon, Georg Spiekermann, A. Pelka, Karen Appel, Jon Eggert, Nenad Velisavljevic, Christoph Otzen, Richard Briggs, Clemens Prescher, Konstantin Glazyrin, Guillaume Fiquet, Mungo Frost, M. A. Baron, Edward J. Pace, James D. McHardy, Ulf Zastrau, Hyunchae Cynn, Max Wilke, C. Strohm, Lars Ehm, Taehyun Kim, Hauke Marquardt, Hanns-Peter Liermann, Valerio Cerantola, Charles Pépin, Sébastien Merkel, Blake T. Sturtevant, Malcolm McMahon, Orianna B. Ball, Ronald Redmer, M. Makita, Choong-Shik Yoo, Zsolt Jenei, Maxim Bykov, Carsten Baehtz, Sergio Speziale, Huijeong Hwang, William J. Evans, Hwang, H, Kim, T, Cynn, H, Vogt, T, Husband, R, Appel, K, Baehtz, C, Ball, O, Baron, M, Briggs, R, Bykov, M, Bykova, E, Cerantola, V, Chantel, J, Coleman, A, Dattlebaum, D, Dresselhaus-Marais, L, Eggert, J, Ehm, L, Evans, W, Fiquet, G, Frost, M, Glazyrin, K, Goncharov, A, Jenei, Z, Kim, J, Konôpková, Z, Mainberger, J, Makita, M, Marquardt, H, Mcbride, E, Mchardy, J, Merkel, S, Morard, G, O'Bannon, E, Otzen, C, Pace, E, Pelka, A, Pépin, C, Pigott, J, Prakapenka, V, Prescher, C, Redmer, R, Speziale, S, Spiekermann, G, Strohm, C, Sturtevant, B, Velisavljevic, N, Wilke, M, Yoo, C, Zastrau, U, Liermann, H, Mcmahon, M, Mcwilliams, R, Lee, Y, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yonsei University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), University of South Carolina [Columbia], Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), University of Edinburgh, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carnegie Institution for Science, Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), Hanyang University, Department of Earth Sciences [Oxford], University of Oxford, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, Case Western Reserve University [Cleveland], University of Chicago, Institut für Physik [Rostock], Universität Rostock, GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institut für Geowissenschaften [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Washington State University (WSU), Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), University of Oxford [Oxford], Universität Potsdam, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [LLNL], Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] [DESY], Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie [IMPMC], Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 [UMET], Los Alamos National Laboratory [LANL], Stony Brook University [SUNY] [SBU], Institut des Sciences de la Terre [ISTerre], DAM Île-de-France [DAM/DIF], GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam [GFZ], and Washington State University [WSU] more...
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Diffraction ,Materials science ,Solid-gas reaction ,X-ray free electron laser ,Diamond-anvil cell ,Iron ,Iron nitride ,synthesis ,Nitrogen ,x-ray heating ,Analytical chemistry ,[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] ,02 engineering and technology ,Activation energy ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Diamond anvil cell ,high temperature ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,extreme condition ,Chemical reactions ,X-rays ,General Materials Science ,ddc:530 ,Irradiation ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,iron nitride ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,XFEL ,X-ray ,Free-electron laser ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,high pressure ,chemistry ,diamond anvil cell ,[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] ,0210 nano-technology ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Ultrashort pulse ,[SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy - Abstract
The journal of physical chemistry letters 12(12), 3246 - 3252 (2021). doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00150, The ultrafast synthesis of ε-Fe$_3$N$_{1+x}$ in a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) from Feand N$_2$ under pressure was observed using serial exposures of an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL). When the sample at 5 GPa was irradiated by a pulse train separated by 443 ns, the estimated sample temperature at the delay time was above 1400 K, confirmed by in situ transformation of $α$- to $γ$-iron. Ultimately, the Fe and N$_2$ reacted uniformly throughout the beam path to form Fe$_3$N$_{1.33}$, as deduced from its established equation of state (EOS). We thus demonstrate that the activation energy provided by intense X-ray exposures in an XFEL can be coupled with the source time structure to enable exploration of the time-dependence of reactions under high-pressure conditions., Published by ACS, Washington, DC more...
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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