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A simple one-step process has been used to synthesize novel Fe5(PO4)4(OH)3 · 2H2O hollow octahedra in a mixed solvent of diethylene glycol (DEG) and H2O. The x-1ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been provided for the characterizations of the nanostructures. The shape of the as-obtained products could be controlled by adjusting the volume ratio of DEG and H2O in the solvothermal process. The possible formation mechanism was proposed based2 on nucleation and the Ostwald ripening process as well as the soft-template function of DEG. In addition, the study herein demonstrated that the hollow octahedra exhibit excellent capability for the adsorption of salmon sperm DNA and would have great application potentials in DNA separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, through the BiOI and different quality of PdCl 2 reactions, preparation of Pd/BiOCl/BiOI photocatalyst with diffident content of Pd by ultraviolet light reduction method. The synthesis of BiOI from Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O and KI by solvent thermal method. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Photodegradation performence of the photocatalysts were assessed by photodegradation of rhodamine B illuminating with a 350W Xe lamp. The results showed that 3%Pd/BiOCl/BiOI photocatalyst exhibited good photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile synthesis route is reported for preparation of N-doped mesoporous ZnO nanospheres by a solvothermal treatment of Zn(NO3)2·6H2O which provides a source of both zinc and nitrogen. A variety of different spectroscopic and analytical techniques, such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies were used to characterize the physicochemical properties of catalysts. The photocatalytic activities of the composites were evaluated by the degree of degradation of rhodamine B in aqueous solutions at room temperature with near-UV light irradiation. These nanocomposites exhibit higher photocatalytic activity compared with pure ZnO nanoparticles. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity of N-doped ZnO nanoparticles is mainly attributed to their absorption of more photons and reduced electron–hole pair recombination. Our one-step, environmentally friendly synthetic method may provide a new means of designing and synthesizing series of N-doped metal oxide semiconductors for use in photo-assisted catalytic reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co3O4cubic structures have been successfully prepared using the thermal decomposition of precursors approach. The precursor cubic structures were synthesized using a facile chemical precipitation method. X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-vis and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the products. The results showed that the reaction time and the nature of the surfactant played important roles in the formation of the products. The measurement of the catalytic activity of the as-prepared Co3O4particles revealed that they played a photocatalytic role in the degradation of methyl violet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: CeO2 hollow microspheres have been fabricated through a simple thermal decomposition of precursor approach. The precursor with an average size of 10 μm was prepared in a reverse microemulsions containing Ce(NO3)3·6H2O and CO(NH2)2 at 160 °C. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The possible formation mechanism of hollow spheres was discussed. In addition, the CeO2 hollow microspheres modified glassy carbon electrode exhibit excellent sensing performance towards methyl orange, which provide a new application of CeO2 hollow spheres. The catalytic activity of CeO2 hollow spheres on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) also was investigated by TGA. The catalytic performance of CeO2 hollow spheres is superior to that of commercial CeO2 powder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Well-defined flower-like Cd(OH)2 microstructures have been successfully synthesized via a simple aqueous solution route, using CdCl2 and NaOH as the reactants, and triethanolamine (TEA) as the modifying agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–vis spectrometer were used to characterize the products. SEM and TEM images illustrated that the flower-like Cd(OH)2 bundles consisted of hexagonal nanoplates with thickness of about 50nm. The adsorption of TEA on (001) plane of the growing Cd(OH)2 crystal leads to the flower petals in appearance. Further experiments evidenced that the positively charged Cd(OH)2 could effectively adsorb or separate the negatively charged dye molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Highly uniform three-dimensional dendrite-like CeO2 crystallites were successfully prepared in large quantities with a thermal decomposition of precursor approach applied. The precursor with an average size of 10μm was prepared in an aqueous solution containing Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, CO(NH2)2 and ammonia at 160°C with no additional phase. The influence of ammonia on the dendrites formation was discussed. The dendritic pattern of precursor almost remained in the as-prepared product. The optical absorption spectrum indicates that CeO2 dendrites have a direct band gap of 3.52eV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Octahedral-like Li0.5Fe2.5O4 crystallites have been fabricated using a TEA-assisted route under mild conditions. The as-prepared powders were characterized in detail by conventional techniques such as XRD, TEM, and FESEM. The saturation magnetization ( Ms), remnant magnetization ( Mr), and coercivity ( Hc) have been determined to be 84, 6 emu/g, and 85 Oe, respectively. Meanwhile, the electrochemical properties of Li0.5Fe2.5O4 demonstrate that it delivers a large discharge capacity, which might find possible application as an electrode material in lithium cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A solvo-hydrothermal synthesis approach for the preparation of a new type of flowerlike nickel nanostructure is reported. The as-synthesized flower-like nickel nanocrystallites were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The nickel flowers modified glassy carbon electrode can be prepared and used to detect methanol and ethanol in the solution. The results show that the nickel flowers give a very high activity for detecting the methanol and ethanol, which provide a new application of nickel flowers. Compared with that of bulk nickel, thus-prepared nickel flowers showed a much enhanced coercivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Hollow sphere-like Fe3O4 (magnetite) with diameters of between 200–400 nm were synthesized in a reverse microemulsions. The particles were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The possible formation mechanism of hollow sphere-like magnetite is discussed. Also, the magnetic properties of the samples were characterized on a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Rodlike Fe particles were prepared by reduction of iron salts with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of CTAB. The as-prepared powders were characterized in detail by conventional techniques such as X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, and their magnetic properties were evaluated on a vibrating sample magnetometer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Single-crystalline hexagonal MoO3 rods were fabricated via solution precipitation and solvothermal treatment. The product was investigated by a variety of techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photoluminescence performances were exhibited: thus-prepared h-MoO3 emitted the relatively strong fluorescence when it was irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) light. The emission peak seated at 436 nm might correspond to the band-to-band transition, while the emission peaks of 606 and 668 nm probably resulted from the electron recombination from the conduction band to subband-gap oxygen acceptors states, which was introduced by the oxygen species adsorbed in the product. When dispersed in absolute ethanol, no florescence emission peak of as-synthesized product was observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A novel intercalation compound of layered titanate (K2Ti4O9) with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrinato cobalt(III), CoTMPyP, has been successfully synthesized through a guest–guest ion exchange route. Its structural characterization was carried out by means of XRD, IR, elemental analysis and SEM. The CV results of CoTMPyP–Ti4O9 modified electrode showed a pair of redox peaks and an irreversible cathodic peak corresponding to the stepwise reduction of CoIIITMPyP ion. The intercalated cobalt porphyrin also displayed its good electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of oxygen in neutral medium. The reduction peak current had a linear relationship with the square root of scan rates, indicating the catalytic reaction was governed by oxygen diffusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]