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Wound regeneration with integral function and cutaneous appendages remains challenging in wound dressing applications. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) exhibit remarkable characteristics in wound dressing applications; however, their utility in the wound healing process is limited by insufficient scar inhibition and regenerative healing. Herein, inspired by fibroblast heterogeneity mediating wound healing and skin regeneration, we developed a CNF scaffold designed to block Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 positive (DPP4 + ) fibroblasts for regenerative healing. CNF encapsulated sitagliptin (SITA) and zinc sulfide nanoparticles (NZnS), namely CNF@SITA@NZnS, to fabricate a novel biomaterial for scar reduction and regenerative healing. The scaffold promoted scarless healing and hair follicle regeneration in rats. In vivo experiments, the wounds in the scaffold showed less skin fibrosis, a better collagen ratio and more new hair follicles. In vitro experiments showed that the scaffold material promoted scarless healing, possibly by inhibiting the secretion of extracellular matrix and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast conversion. The promotion of hair follicle regeneration by the scaffold material may be due to promotion of the migration and proliferation of human hair follicle papilla cells. RNA sequencing is performed to explore the underlying mechanisms, which can activate ECM-receptor interaction pathway in favor of the wound healing process. The inhibiting effect of CNF@SITA@NZnS scaffold on DPP4 + fibroblasts can be a potential target to reduce scarring and promote skin regeneration., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural extract that has been extensively studied for its significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which are closely associated with a variety of injurious diseases and even cosmetic medicine. In this review, we have researched and summarized the role of resveratrol and its different forms of action in wound healing, exploring its role and mechanisms in promoting wound healing through different modes of action such as hydrogels, fibrous scaffolds and parallel ratio medical devices with their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-ageing properties and functions in various cells that may play a role in wound healing. This will provide a direction for further understanding of the mechanism of action of resveratrol in wound healing for future research., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

The incidence of acute and chronic wound diseases is rising due to various reasons. With complicated pathogenesis, long course, difficult treatment and high disability, wound diseases have become a major burden for patients, their families, and society. Therefore, the focus of research is to identify new ideas and methods for treatment. Fat grafting has gained increased attention because of its effectiveness in wound treatment, and further analysis has uncovered that the stem cells derived from fat may be the main factor affecting wound healing. We summarize the function of adipose stem cells and analyze their possible mechanisms in tissue repair, helping to provide new ideas for the treatment of wound healing., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Abnormal healing following skin injury, such as slow healing and scar formation, can significantly affect an individual's life. Complex treatment methods and cumbersome instruments have reduced the efficacy of treating such diseases. In this study, a novel biocompatible liquid metal (LM) composite wound dressing (LGPU) is designed by synthesizing polyurea polyurethane (PU) and blending it with LM modified with glutathione (GSH), a bioactive three‐peptide compound. The effects of external electrical stimulation (ES) on wound‐induced hair follicle neogenesis are explored. The dressings exhibited a few important properties, including conductivity, high stretchability, recyclability, and, most importantly, excellent self‐healing capacity, owing to the liquid nature of the LM fillers and the highly dynamic characteristics of hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, the combination therapy with LGPU and ES promoted fibroblast migration and accelerated wound healing. The wounds treated with the combination therapy fully healed in nine days, while the wounds in the blank group are still in a scabbing state. Remarkably, this treatment method can activate the regeneration and healthy growth of hair follicles at the site of injury, which is beneficial for reducing wound scarring. Collectively, this innovative therapy provides a facile strategy to accelerate skin wound healing and achieve scar‐free repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound healing is a complex and error‐prone process. Wound healing in adults often leads to the formation of scars, a type of fibrotic tissue that lacks skin appendages. Hypertrophic scars and keloids can also form when the wound‐healing process goes wrong. Leptin (Lep) and leptin receptors (LepRs) have recently been shown to affect multiple stages of wound healing. This effect, however, is paradoxical for scarless wound healing. On the one hand, Lep exerts pro‐inflammatory and profibrotic effects; on the other hand, Lep can regulate hair follicle growth. This paper summarises the role of Lep and LepRs on cells in different stages of wound healing, briefly introduces the process of wound healing and Lep and LepRs, and examines the possibility of promoting scarless wound healing through spatiotemporal, systemic, and local regulation of Lep levels and the binding of Lep and LepRs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disturbances or defects in the process of wound repair can disrupt the delicate balance of cells and molecules necessary for complete wound healing, thus leading to chronic wounds or fibrotic scars. Myofibroblasts are one of the most important cells involved in fibrotic scars, and reprogramming provides a potential avenue to increase myofibroblast clearance. Although myofibroblasts have long been recognized as terminally differentiated cells, recent studies have shown that myofibroblasts have the capacity to be reprogrammed into adipocytes. This review intends to summarize the potential of reprogramming myofibroblasts into adipocytes. We will discuss myofibroblast lineage tracing, as well as the known mechanisms underlying adipocyte regeneration from myofibroblasts. In addition, we investigated different changes in myofibroblast gene expression, transcriptional regulators, signalling pathways and epigenetic regulators during skin wound healing. In the future, myofibroblast reprogramming in wound healing will be better understood and appreciated, which may provide new ideas for the treatment of scarless wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abnormal wound healing is likely to induce the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids, which leads to dysfunction, deformity, and mental problem in the patients. Despite the advances in prevention and management of hypertrophic scar and keloids, the mechanism underlying scar and keloid formation has not been fully elucidated. Recent insights into the role of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in development, wound healing, stem cell regulation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis have increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertrophic scarring and keloids and suggested new therapeutic targets. This review summarizes recent progress in the elucidation of the role of EMT in physiologic wound healing and pathologic scar formation. This knowledge will facilitate an understanding of EMT roles in scar formation and shed new light on the modulation and potential treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertrophic scars are pathological scars that result from abnormal responses to trauma, and could cause serious functional and cosmetic disability. To date, no optimal treatment method has been established. A variety of cell types are involved in hypertrophic scar formation after wound healing, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular origins of hypertrophic scars are not fully understood. Macrophages are major effector cells in the immune response after tissue injury that orchestrates the process of wound healing. Depending on the local microenvironment, macrophages undergo marked phenotypic and functional changes at different stages during scar pathogenesis. This review intends to summarize the direct and indirect roles of macrophages during hypertrophic scar formation. The in vivo depletion of macrophages or blocking their signaling reduces scar formation in experimental models, thereby establishing macrophages as positive regulatory cells in the skin scar formation. In the future, a significant amount of attention should be given to molecular and cellular mechanisms that cause the phenotypic switch of wound macrophages, which may provide novel therapeutic targets for hypertrophic scars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on "A new approach in the treatment of pediatric hypertrophic burn scars: Tixel-associated topical triamcinolone acetonide and 5-fluorouracil delivery" Dear Editor, We recently read an article written by Artzi[1] about hypertrophic scar after burn, which introduces a new thermomechanical system that thermally decomposes the stratum corneum of the skin, increasing skin permeability, and allowing the drug to be absorbed more efficiently. Overall, the study demonstrates that Tixel thermomechanical devices are useful for enhancing the absorption of scar treatment medications. [Extracted from the article]

Wound healing is a complex and long-term process consisting of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation/remodeling. These four stages overlap and influence each other; they affect wound healing in different ways, and if they do not function perfectly, they may cause scarring, proliferative scarring and keloid formation. A therapeutic target affecting wound healing in multiple ways will help the healing process proceed more effectively. DPP-4/CD26 is a multifunctional dimorphic glycoprotein widely distributed on the surface of a variety of cells, including fibroblasts and keratin-forming cells. It has been found to affect periwound inflammation, re-epithelialization, extracellular matrix secretion and skin fibrosis and is a potential target for promoting wound healing and inhibiting scar formation. After presenting a brief introduction of the wound healing process and DPP-4/CD26, this paper summarizes the effects of DPP-4/CD26 on cells involved in different stages of wound healing and discusses the feasibility of DPP-4/CD26 as a multifunctional target for the treatment of wound healing and inhibition of scar formation. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]