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The technological solutions in culture and arts increase accessibility of cultural goods and intensity of cultural environment. QR-technologies designed by Denso Wave Incorporated have become digitalization component increasingly popular in library and information services. The mobile access points call for new ways of library and information services. The concept, characteristics and advantages of QR technology are examined; options for QR code application in libraries are suggested. As the majority of library users owns mobile phones, QR technologies provide unique opportunities. MTS (Mobile Telecommunications System) was the first company to initiate the project of using mobile phones to expand library information space: QR-code linking to books were placed in the city public places. Library applications for QR-codes are outlined, e. g. library information advertisement, user services, social events to promote reading, monitoring in the pandemic situation, etc. The opportunities and prospects for this resource are investigated by the examples of RNPLS&T, Belgorod State Universal Scientific Library, V. G. Korolenko Public Scientific Library (Glazov, Udmurt Republic), Centralized Library System (Georgievsk, Stavropol Territory). The author also suggests that QR codes may solve the problem of access to full and reliable information.

Many modern national libraries implement the model of a library open to any member of society. In conditions of rapid and pervasive development of digital technologies and the formation of the Internet information space, a website is an indispensable tool for ensuring the availability of the library, its information resources and services in the virtual space. The creation and use of websites to organize remote (virtual) services is one of the most significant activities of libraries. The article objective is to present and summarize the results of studying national library websites as a platform for remote user services. The Russian State Library researchers study websites of 24 national libraries in 22 countries as a part of investigating current state and prospects for development of the digitalization processes of public libraries. The researchers have identified main directions of remote services (informing users about the library, its resources and services; ensuring the availability of library information resources; improving the comfort of using the library), and the range of remote services, which includes above dozen remote library and information services, as well as nearly the same number of additional digital services that increase the comfort of users. They proposed promising directions to develop remote services (information about library resources and services, consulting and training on using library resources, personalization of services), and the introduction of digital technologies (multimedia and augmented reality technologies).

In the context of the rapid development of the information environment, a person’s life path, identity, and the living space of an individual are not only presented in real life, but also in the virtual world, as well as in augmented reality. The mixing of virtual and real spaces cannot but affect the daily life of young people. This article attempts to describe and structure the elements of life models as fragments of a life scenario, broadcast through communities in social networks. The social network VKontakte has become a meaningful field for analysis as it is the most popular and frequently used online platform in the information space for the purpose of transmitting interesting and relevant information among Russian peers. The starting point of the study was the assumption that the content of social network posts describing the spheres of life can serve as a basis for building elements of life models broadcast on the Internet. The research consisted of several stages: preparatory (questioning young people about their preferred Internet content) and the main one (semantic and content analysis of the content of social networks). The sample of the preparatory stage was 110 respondents, the average age was 22 years (SD=2.8). The main sample consisted of over 200,000 posts from the top 20 social media communities (with an average of 4 million subscribers, with entertainment and non-themed content) over the past 2 years. With the help of special program codes and computer programs, the posts devoted to the most significant spheres of human activity were analyzed. It was found that the most popular marker words denoting areas of life in posts are work, relationships, and family. The data of automated semantic and content analysis showed that most often, through posts in communities, a model of an active and purposeful person is declared. This is an individual who is ready for action, flexible, mobile with respect to work and self-development, but conservative in regard to building family relationships. The results obtained confirm the assumption that the characteristics of the components of life models are presented most vividly in the posts of Internet communities, are actively broadcast and have their own characteristics. The results of the research data can contribute to the study of the main mechanisms of transmission between contemporaries of characteristics of behavior in real life, values and information through Internet content, as well as the work of practicing psychologists when referring to the profile on social networks or preferred client communities.

The paper considers an approach to the creating an information system for supporting scientific and educational activities (ISSEA). Such a system is designed to systematize knowledge and information resources on the required educational and scientific topics, ensure their integration into a single information space and provide meaningful access to them. The conceptual approach to the development process of ISSEA is based on combining the most important components of Semantic Web technology, in particular, the use of ontology to represent the semantics of information educational resources and support their intellectual analysis and knowledge management methods to improve the effectiveness of access to heterogeneous loosely connected information on various aspects of educational and scientific activities. Such information systems (is) represent information objects of knowledge (in the form of a network of knowledge and data), search for them, and ontology-driven navigation. ISSEA is equipped with an ergonomic web user interface and special editors designed to manage the knowledge integrated into it.

The article considers the history of the museum of Kharkiv National University of the Air Force named after Ivan Kozhedub. The concept of the museum and forms of its realization are shown. Special attention is paid to innovative solutions and the use of modern information technologies in museum business. Prospects for the development of the museum are outlined. A model of a single information space for military museums is proposed. Key words: history, museum, analysis, concept, innovation, multimedia, interactivity, QR-code, content, system.

The article considers the functions of the scientific and thematic portal as an element of a common information space. The portal structure includes actual book and magazine catalogs, ready-made electronic databases, libraries of external and internal scientific and information resources, analytical and educational sections. The authors considered the principles of development of a single information space and their compliance with the principles of the new library website, highlighted the development priorities and determined plans for the future.

Results are characterized of research on digital content on local history official sites central subject libraries of the RF by the Research Institute of Information Technologies of the Social Sphere of the Kemerovo State Institute of Culture. From the standpoint of a user-oriented approach unidentified barriers to effective use of local history electronic information library resources occur. Proposals for improving digital content on local history as a component of a single information space are discussed.

The purpose of the article is to investigate the process of qualitative transformation of museum communication at the present stage, which takes place under the influence of digitalization factors. The methodology of the research consists of the application of analytical, system-functional, and culturological methods to identify features of technical and technological influence on changing the ways of museum representation in modern conditions and practical implementation of new forms of museum work mediated by new technological communications. The scientific novelty of the article is expanding and summarizing information on the updating of museums of communication strategies developed in connection with the gradual introduction of digital technologies in museums, and means as well as channels of communication designed to diversify forms of museum activities. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was found that information and computer technologies occupy an important role within the formation of modern museum space, which can give new representativeness to the museum object and build multifaceted communication with visitors. Museum communication is increasingly mediated by digital technologies and means of communication, which directly affect both the way the museum is represented and the aspects of communicating with visitors, the positioning of museums in terms of the information space. In modern conditions, the visual communication of the museum communication occupies a significant place, which determines both the representation of the museum collection in digital format and the special communication channel that forms the field of museum semantics in the virtual information space. There is no doubt about the role of digital technologies in the process of musealization, which helps to choose the best ways to adapt the necessary objects for museum presentation. Keywords: museum communication, museums, exposition, information space, visual communication, virtual museum space, musealization.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the specifics of electronic documents in the system of modern library funds. The methodology of the research is based on general scientific methods of knowledge, including a systematic approach that helped to analyze the electronic document as an integral part of the library business, funds and electronic document space as general systems; theoretical-empirical, abstraction, analogy, analysis, deduction, induction, reduction and synthesis methods have been used. Scientific novelty. The specificity of electronic funds in the context of domestic and world tendencies in the development of library activity is investigated; various aspects of the formation of funds of electronic documents and electronic libraries as an integral part of the library fund of the 20th century have been analyzed; The concept of «electronic document», «electronic fund», as well as differences of electronic library fund from electronic library is specified. Conclusions. The specifics of electronic documents as forms, which appeared as a result of the synthesis of documentary diversity and computer technologies, were determined, and possessed the properties of a document, combined with a class of technetronic documents, with specific general characteristics, and at the same time personal characteristics. It is revealed that replenishment of the electronic library of the library at the present stage is one of the priority directions of domestic libraries activity, both at the local and national level, taking place within the framework of creation of a single information space and provision of information in national and international information systems, according to the state target national-cultural program for the creation of a unified information library system «Library XXІ».

The purpose of this work is to develop methods, technologies and tools for creating and maintaining intelligent scientific and educational Internet resources (ISEIR) based on a service-oriented approach and Semantic Web technologies. The main purpose of ISEIR is to provide meaningful access to scientific and educational information resources of a given field of knowledge and integrated information processing services. According to the preliminary concept, an intelligent scientific and educational Internet resource will be an information system accessible via the Internet, which provides ontology-based systematization and integration of scientific knowledge, data and information resources into a single information space, meaningful effective access to them, as well as supporting their use in solving various scientific and educational tasks. ISEIR is equipped with an ergonomic web-based user interface and special editors designed to manage the knowledge integrated into it. The proposed approach to the construction of intelligent scientific and educational Internet resources is the basis of the developed technology for creating and maintaining information environments for distributed learning.

The work is dedicated to the creation of information model of digital library for supporting scientific and educational activity. The information needs of modern users and data objects, which describe basic entities of the scientific information space such as the publication of document, person, dictionary entry, function and user, also the relationships between them are discussed.

“Filter bubbles," a phenomenon in which users become caught in an information space with low diversity, can have various negative effects. Several tools have been created to monitor the users’ actions to make them aware of their own filter bubbles, but these tools have disadvantages (e.g., infringement on privacy). We propose a standalone demo that does not require any personal data. It emulates Facebook, a well-known and popular social network. We demonstrate how each user interaction may affect the selection of subsequent posts, sometimes resulting in the creation of a ‘filter bubble.’ The administrator (researcher) can tailor the demo for any context, changing the topics and points of view used in the demo. Data collection via surveys before and after the demo is facilitated so that the demo can be used for research, in addition to education., This work has been partly supported by the project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 739578 (RISE – Call: H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2) and the Government of the Republic of Cyprus through the Deputy Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digital Policy.

Optimal search in search engines is very urgent, especially search performs on social media search engine. Very big data in social media have not been not used as many as expected, making the existed data are only limited to the data themselves. However, using keywords on social media search engines could only produces incomplete and inaccurate data thereby the search results only have limited usage. This paper contains a framework using keywords in social media search engines that aims to gain users' habits by utilizing social media data. The framework offered is in the form of steps to optimize the search engines, so that the optimal social media search engine could be used as an entry point to find the desired data on specific social media user. The step is initialized by analyzing existing posts to get more specific and accurate data from social media users. The social media system then could use those specific keywords to identify the identity of a specific user in the information space that can be accessed by the search engines.

The number of studies aimed at proving the prebiotic properties of certain substances or compositions has been actively in creasing, which has led to a large accumulation of scientific in formation that is fragmented and not systematized. Moreover, a number of criteria have been applied in these studies. The lack of an accessible and convenient in formation space to compare the obtained results seems to hold back not only scientific development, but also practical development in this field. A database called the &laquo, On-line Database of Researches on Activity of Prebiotics&raquo, (ODRAP) is presented in this article, which contains in formation about both prebiotics and some probiotics, that were used in these researches. Currently, ODRAP collects 25 bacteria genera or their combinations, 59 bacteria species, 140 prebiotic substances, 61 prebiotic production company, 2 methods of fermentation, and 271 analyzed articles from 2001 till 2019. To facilitate access to the database, a special Web-interface is created, which allows any user who opens the Web-page to obtain in formation about the features and activities of prebiotics, as well as to sort the data by species and genus of bacteria applied in tests, the chemical nature or source of prebiotics, and other parameters. The convenience of the Web-interface is that it allows access to the database, regardless of the user platform and from anywhere, via the Internet.

The article analyzes the philosophical and evaluation paradigm of linguistic means for denoting the concepts of war and peace in the context of present-day Ukraine. The realization of the functional and stylistic potential of language in expressing the socio-political and philosophical opposition of hostile parties in the context of the division of values into their own and othersʼ has been traced in the linguistic and information space. Analyzed vocabulary, precedent units, metaphors, epithets, which are indicative of modern texts of the Means of mass communication and which express the linguistics of the national public consciousness. War in the minds of society is always associated with aggression: destruction, distress, death, and peace with peace, peace, life. Such perception of these phenomena is entrenched in the antonymic ratio of two eternal words of the Ukrainian dictionary war – peace. The basic element of their opposition is the original semantics of the word war, which contains a contradictory feature, which is denied in the definition of peace. The ontology of war and peace in the linguistic and informational texts of today corresponds to the psychological attitudes of society and is a reflection of the current socio-political situation in the country. Around the war and peace as the nuclear concepts of the Means of mass communicationand, a synchronous linguistic-evaluative paradigm is formed, which is an expression of the linguistic-national consciousness, an indicator of the philosophical comprehension of a specific time period of the history of Ukraine in general, and of the functional capabilities of the language in particular.

The article describes the phenomenon of the electronic encyclopedia activity and investigates the electronic Internet encyclopedias created by the institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It has been discovered that electronic encyclopedias can be divided into several varieties, the main of which is online encyclopedias, which are highly distinguished in comparison with classical printed publications by the characteristics caused by the development of information technology. In accordance with this division, the national academic encyclopedic resources are characterized in the article. The idea of the importance of creating an online encyclopedia about the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is presented; it also argued that current online encyclopedias are not fully equipped with a wide range of technological opportunities for their use.

The ever-evolving nature of research works creates the cacophony of new topics incessantly resulting in an unstable state in every field of research. Researchers are disseminating their works producing a huge volume of articles. In fact, the spectacular growth in scholarly literature is widening the choice sets overwhelmingly for researchers. Consequently, they face difficulties in identifying a suitable topic of current importance from a plethora of research topics. This remains an ill-defined problem for researchers due to the overload of choices. The problem is even more severe for new researchers due to the lack of experience. Hence, there is a definite need for a system that would help researchers make decisions on appropriate topics. Recommender systems are good options for performing this very task. They have been proven to be useful for researchers to keep pace with research dynamics and at the same time to overcome the information overload problem by retrieving useful information from the large information space of scholarly literature. In this article, we present RTRS, a knowledge-based Research Topics Recommender System to assist both novice and experienced researchers in selecting research topics in their chosen field. The core of this system hinges upon bibliometric information of the literature. The system identifies active research topics in a particular area and recommends top N topics to the target users. The results obtained have proven useful to academic researchers, particularly novices, in making an early decision on research topics.

Exploratory search is characterized by a users uncertainty towards a complex information seeking task. A user conducting such a search in an information retrieval (IR) system may need help and recommendations that are beyond mere query suggestions. In this paper we propose a new method for recommending search trails to struggling users. We first use a search process prediction model from the literature to predict whether a user is likely to under-perform in an exploratory search task, and given that case, recommend a search trail based on other users search behaviors in a similar context. We then present a method to evaluate the effectiveness of these recommendations that involves two different evaluation criteria. First, we use Open Directory Project (ODP)-based categorization of user-traversed Web pages to evaluate each users information coverage. Next, we evaluate the order of users search trails while simultaneously incorporating a novel set of metrics that use adjacency of queries issued and Web pages traversed. To evaluate search trails, we incorporated proposed metrics with transactional log data from multiple user studies in which more than 300 users conducted exploratory search tasks on different topics.We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation criteria by measuring how the recommended search trails lead to improvements in both information space coverage and search performance metrics for users across multiple user search datasets. Based on the analysis results, we demonstrate that the order of the recommended search trails plays a significant role and it outperforms the random order of search trails thus being beneficial for the struggling users in improving their overall search effectiveness. We also show that by providing search trail recommendations, users are able to discover more information across multiple facets (in breadth) as well as investigate certain facets in more detail (in depth). These findings provide substantial evidence across multiple datasets to confirm that recommended search trails improve users information seeking coverage and overall knowledge acquisition throughout their search processes.

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) currently play a role in pervasive assistive tools in our daily life. Their usage is fast growing in various domains like healthcare, e-learning, e-government, e-tourism, banking sector, etc. Nowadays, we are living in the information age and entering the age of recommendation. Recommender systems are intelligent information retrieval systems which help in finding relevant information from a large information space based on the interest of the users. In ICT, the recommender system helps in finding accurate services/items from the large space of items. The recommender system is widely accepted and the most important approach that provides the solution for information overhead problem. Even though user spends a lot of time and effort for finding essential and expected information, it may result in lower precision and recall rates. Nowadays, users spend the shortest span of time and want to obtain the best possible items and services. At present, many recommender systems have been developed in several contexts, but these are not sufficient to accomplish the user needs. So, it is essential to develop the highly featured recommender system. For developing and designing such type of systems, many issues and challenges need appropriate attention. The main purpose of this chapter is to investigate and illustrate the current challenges, issue attacks, and applications in recommender systems. In this chapter, we also propose a recommender system model based on collaborative filtering and intention mining where intentions are generated using gender and age information of the users.

The special library acts as the cultural and educational center for visually impaired people, and as the center for continuing education. The multifunctional performance of the library is substantiated. The joint projects accomplished in cooperation with theatres and museums and aimed at integrating the visually impaired people into the society are described. Advanced training projects for the library professionals accomplished in 2018 are discussed.

A serendipitous experience in information browsing stands for an unexpected information encounter that induces some creativity or new ideas. In this paper we report our ongoing project on a model for measuring the serendipity of an information space in which users navigate by traversing hyperlinks to find desired information. For the model, we define the ‘serendipity’ value of an information space based on the summation of likelihoods that may induce a serendipitous discovery.

The European Copernicus programme generates massive amounts of Earth Observation (EO) data, with the goal of improving our environmental understanding and management on local, regional, and global level. An initiative of this magnitude comes with a set of challenges, especially pertaining to effective service management once the huge volumes of raster data files are distributed across open data centers and commercial companies.The BigDataCube project responds to this challenge through the concept of federated, analysis-ready datacubes, exposed via the open OGC geo standard interfaces for interoperable access and processing, WMS, WCS, and WCPS.Such federated datacube services have been established in the project between the public German Copernicus hub, CODE-DE, and a commercial cloud provider, cloudeo AG, altogether offering access to more than 500 TB. Both data pools are federated in a location-transparent manner, establishing a common information space where users can query and combine datacubes without knowing their location of storage. In this nucleus of a growing federation recently the Alfred Wegener maritime research institute has joined, and further data centers are in the line. The spectrum of functionality available is showcased through several realistic use cases, including a value-adding Sentinel-1 SAR product on sea state and wind speed in the North Sea. The platform used is the pioneer datacube engine and OGC reference implementation, rasdaman. We report on the outcomes of the project, lessons learned, and further work foreseen in this area.

Objectives English as an International Language is widely used in science. Unfortunately, scientific information space is oversaturated by using International Language, while Regional Languages remain informatively poor. The oversaturation leads to the information overload 1–4 , reducing the quality of information and data interpretation. At the same time, non-English speaking countries publish new studies in regional journals, causing contrary effect – information deficiency in English. 5 Similarly to RCSB PDB and NCBI, the authors suggest to create a novel scientific database in order to: - Enrich the regional languages allowing them to be competitive; - Concentrate on the evidence-based and up-to-date information in order to «restart the science»; - Provide information(1) in suitable for understanding way (reviews) and for accurate data description(2) (handbook). - Create more effective communication between specialists; Methods The model of database includes: Reviews/handbooks with the appropriate translation to other languages; Comments below the topic; Discussion. Reviews/handbooks are done by a group of scientists that works on a specific issue. The translation occurs from regional to international language and reversely. This database collects information that is written in a regional language and automatically translates it into the international language. It means that the text structure must be universal for all languages. The translation must be done by regional-international and international-regional interactions, escaping regional-regional translations. A text structure is designed for a better ‘RL-IL-RL’ translation. The structure reduces translation mistakes. After that a reader will contextually improve the text. Comments (a forum) are created below the text for the correction of mistakes, as well as suggestions to use additional information that is based on a novel scientific data. Discussion is a platform (similarly to ResearchGate) that is based on scientist’s activity suggesting topics that must be discussed. The discussion gives better verification due to variety of specialists involved in the conversation. Specialists create a community that checks information from all perspectives. Four levels of discussion will be made: Red – Urgent issues (require an immediate solution); Yellow – Important scientific questions; Green – Novel ideas, hypothesis, future perspectives; Grey – Other. Results Thus, we can solve issues related to: - The quality of information; - Amount of information; - The quality of the language. This system also implies the constant up-to-date verification of information. References Pinero D. Scientific information overload in vision: What is behind?J Optom2018;11(1):1–2. Hall A. et al. (2004), Information overload within the health care system: a literature review. Health Info Libr J, 21: 102–108. Davis D. et al. (2004), Solving the information overload problem: a letter from Canada, Med J Aust, 180, pp. 68–71 Barnett G. et al. (2004). Overcoming information overload: An information system for the primary care physician. Stud Health Technol Inform 107. 273–6. Amano T. et al. (2016). Languages Are Still a Major Barrier to Global Science. PLoS biology, 14(12), e2000933.

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) contain an increasing wealth of medical information. When combined with molecular level data, they enhance the understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of diseases, enabling the identification of key prognostic biomarkers to disease and treatment outcomes. However, the European healthcare information space is fragmented due to the lack of legal and technical standards, cost effective platforms, and sustainable business models. There is a clear need for a framework facilitating the efficient and homogenized access to anonymized distributed EHRs, merged from multiple data sources into a single data analysis space. In this paper we present the outcomes of Linked2Safety, a project that proposes a solution to these problems by providing a semantically interconnected approach to sharing aggregate data in the form of data cubes. This approach eliminates the risks associated with sharing pseudoanonymized (and therefore still personal) data while enabling the multi-source, multi-type analysis of health data through a single web based secure access platform. The Linked2Safety system is evaluated by external to the project Medical science analysts, Analytic methodology engineers and Data providers with respect to five specific dimensions of the system (analysis space, linked data space, usability of the system, legal and ethical issues, and value of the system) in this paper. For all five dimensions that were examined, the participantsâ perceptions were overwhelmingly positive. The research leading to these results was conducted as part of the project A next-generation secure linked data medical information space for semantically-interconnecting electronic health records and clinical trials systems advancing patients safety in clinical research (Linked2Safety) that received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under Grant Agreement No 288328. peer-reviewed

In creative tasks, there is a need to explore the space of available information in order to come up with diverse views before converging to a solution. In such tasks, typical search engines that follow the direct search paradigm fail to inspire users. It is hypothesized that contrary to typical engines, interactive exploratory search, which aims at revealing latent, alternative directions in the information space enabling user orientation and engagement, is better suited to assist users in their quest for serendipitous discoveries and inspiration. In this study, an interactive exploratory search tool that combines diversification of content and sources with a user interface design that visualizes clues from the social chatter – generated with micro-blogging services such as Twitter – and lets users interactively explore the available information space is presented. A profiling service and recommendation module in charge of delivering personalized social content complements the setting. A pilot an...

The article highlights the importance of libraries in the information space. Attention is drawn to the main products manufactured by the Information Society, and focuses on the transformation of the library in the information society. The basic directions of of libraries development in the information society are considered. Today, the issue of implementation in practice of library information and communication technologies based on electronic information technology, to create their own electronic resources and identify the trends of their further development is an important factor in the development of society. New electronic technologies come into the library institution and give significant impetus to all areas of libraries, in addition, they helped to expand the circle of users outside the library.

Information is only valuable when it can be found. It is relatively easy to find information that we know exists; you just need to know what you want to find, where to look for it, and how to express yourself. It might require a little effort to find it, but this work is usually rewarded. But, what if you're looking to acquire new knowledge or want to search for unusual findings? Normally you start with what you know and learn as you go and in the end arrive at some conclusion, but how do you know you have found all relevant information and how do you know how this information is connected to the rest of the information space? The answer up until now is that you don't, and to get the big picture you would have to aggregate your results manually. Microsoft has studied search behavior and a big part of the daily searches are exploratory in nature, where the users aren't sure what they want to find and are struggling while trying. The Etsimo Visual Discovery engine offers an alternative, or complement, to lookup searching by providing a transparent and user-driven way to visually navigate the information space, learn as you go, and find relevant information.

The chapter describes the main features of the use of the radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology in library activities. The technical capabilities of RFID equipment for unique identification of library documents in information systems for various purposes are shown. The questions of development of library technologies due to the full-featured use capabilities of automatic and radio-frequency identification systems in libraries are presented. The possibility of development of library RFID systems in the direction of the concept of Electronic Product Code (EPC) through the modification of the regulatory framework on the basis of existing harmonized standards is considered. It is shown that this approach to the formation of the regulatory framework will create conditions for increasing the availability of RFID technology for libraries. Development of library RFID systems in the direction of the Internet of things (IoT) concept will significantly increase the integration of the traditional library collections, along with electronic documents, in the modern information space. This will increase the availability of printed documents to readers and contribute to development of library technologies towards development of a global integrated system of library and information support for human activities. This will allow libraries themselves to integrate more fully into the global information space, at the next stage of development of information technologies.

Recommender systems have become important tools to support users in identifying relevant content in an overloaded information space. To ease the development of recommender systems, a number of recommender frameworks have been proposed that serve a wide range of application domains. Our TagRec framework is one of the few examples of an open-source framework tailored towards developing and evaluating tag-based recommender systems. In this paper, we present the current, updated state of TagRec, and we summarize and reflect on four use cases that have been implemented with TagRec: (i) tag recommendations, (ii) resource recommendations, (iii) recommendation evaluation, and (iv) hashtag recommendations. To date, TagRec served the development and/or evaluation process of tag-based recommender systems in two large scale European research projects, which have been described in 17 research papers. Thus, we believe that this work is of interest for both researchers and practitioners of tag-based recommender systems., https://github.com/learning-layers/TagRec

The InVID Multimodal Analytics Dashboard is a visual content exploration and retrieval system to analyze user-generated video content from social media platforms including YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Reddit, Vimeo, and Dailymotion. It uses automated knowledge extraction methods to analyze each of the collected postings and stores the extracted metadata for later analyses. The real-time synchronization mechanisms of the dashboard help to track information flows within the resulting information space. Cluster analysis is used to group related postings and detect evolving stories, to be analyzed along multiple semantic dimensions such as sentiment and geographic location. Data journalists can not only visualize the latest trends across communication channels, but also identify opinion leaders (persons or organizations) as well as the relations among these opinion leaders.

The Web was originally designed to be a decentralized environment where everybody could share a common information space to communicate and share information. However, over the last decade, the Web has become increasingly centralized. This has led to serious concerns about data ownership and misuse of personal data. While there are several approaches to solve these problems, none of them provides a simple and extendable solution. To this end, in this paper, we present an application-independent, browser-based framework for sharing data between applications over peer-to-peer networks. The framework aims to empower end-users with complete data ownership, by allowing them to store shareable web content locally, and by enabling content sharing without the risk of data theft or monitoring. We present the functional requirements, implementation details, security aspects, and limitations of the proposed framework. And finally, discuss the challenges that we encountered while designing the framework; especially, why it is difficult to create a server-less application for the Web.

This text concerns the organization of a unified information space for accepting student application documents submitted to the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI). It examines the task of exchanging information between the main institute of MPEI and its branches. It presents options for a distributed database and information exchange between local databases. Master-slave replication of distributed data is examined.

Artykuł prezentuje podobieństwa między profilem użytkownika a tradycyjnymi redakcjami w mediach społecznościowych. Użytkownicy dystrybuują i określają, jakie materiały znajdą się w obiegu informacyjnym. Personalizacja własnego profilu pozwala zarówno na indywidualne kształtowanie wewnętrznej przestrzeni informacyjnej, jak i samych przekazów. Użytkownicy i przedsiębiorstwa medialne uczestniczą w tych samych etapach tworzenia informacji oraz wykorzystują te same narzędzia oferowane przez serwisy społecznościowe w celu dystrybucji przekazów.

The evolution of the Web towards a semantically-enriched information space has risen several challenges and opportunities concerning the interaction, knowledge representation, and design of multi-agent systems. Many of these have been explored in the past, such as the usage of ontologies for defining agent knowledge bases, the definition of semantic web services, or the usage of reasoning for intelligent agent behavior. Although these efforts have resulted in important research achievements, there is still a need to provide a simple –yet comprehensive– way of interconnecting decentralized intelligent agents through a generic Web-based infrastructure. In this paper we analyze how multi-agent systems can use extensions of the Linked Data Notifications W3C recommendation as the backbone for a Semantic Web-enabled infrastructure for agent communication.

At present, a large number of information systems have been created that operate productively and provide information support of specific functions. Currently, a topical issue is to unite these information systems, create favourable conditions for their information interaction. This task is particularly important for the creation of an information infrastructure in the electronic government, which involves both large-scale state systems and applications automating local functions. The main part of system interoperability is defined by semantics – tools for transfer of meaningful data, information. Semantics in information space is defined by two components: identification of objects and NameSpace.

O penness is a recent and profound force, both creative and destructive. The mindset of ‘openness’ is not a discrete thing, but a concept with separate strands. Open logics and the open-world assumption enable us to add information to existing systems without the need to re-architect the underlying schema. Open content works to promote derivative and reinforcing factors in open knowledge, education, and government. Open-source software has changed the landscape for innovation at low cost. Open standards promote collaboration and make it easier for data and programs to interoperate. Open data in public knowledge bases are a driver of recent AI advances in knowledge. Open also means we can obtain our knowledge from anywhere. Our knowledge graphs useful to a range of actors must reflect the languages and labels meaningful to those actors. We should thus be explicit (‘open’) about the diversity of terms in our vocabularies, using multiple senses to associate related concepts. Any name or label that draws attention to a given thing can provide the same referential power as a synonym. We use reference concepts (RCs) to provide fixed points in the information space for linking with external content. KBpedia is a knowledge graph of approximately 55,000 of these RCs. Then, we use RDF as a kind of ‘universal solvent’ to model most any data form. We match this flexible representation with the ability to handle semantic differences using OWL 2, providing an open standard way to interoperate with open content (and proprietary content).

As traces of social life and material culture of the past, non-art images are carriers and prompters of memory. They are important sources for social and cultural history and, at the same time, valuable cultural heritage resources. Cultural heritage information systems (CHISs) very often rely on basic search and browsing features to provide access to information related to non-art digital images. However, these forms of access are not very helpful for non-expert or casual users, who usually move through the information space in an exploratory way. Although significant strides have been made to understand exploratory search activities, there are still some open issues when it comes to the user interface (UI). After briefly reviewing concept-based indexing techniques applied to images, this paper explores some of the questions related to UI design and provides insights into how to develop a browse-and-search framework to enhance exploratory search tasks.

The modern information space and its components are investigated in the article. The description of new media and their elements is given, the distinctions between ‘new media’ and ‘traditional media’ are outlined. On basis of the research of nature and relation of such terms as ‘new media’, ‘social media’, ‘social networks’ the hierarchy of information space is determined as well as their classification is proposed. At the present stage of the development of media business, along with traditional media, new ones have emerged and are actively developing. Their emergence contributed to the development of digital, information and network technologies and communications. The synthesis of the development of the latest technologies and transformational processes taking place under its influence in modern communications and traditional journalism allows us to consider new media as a diverse form of interactive media production (services) distributed through the Internet, endowed with communicative properties, which is simultaneously the mass media and a means of social communication. The main features that distinguish new media from traditional ones include: interactivity; personalization of information; the flexibility of form, content and use; flow content of content consumption and unlimited in its volume, space, form of communication; the ability to edit and remove information after it is placed; the speed of providing and updating information; virtually no censorship and moderation. Based on the study of the modern media market, the following classification of new media has been proposed: professional internet media (online publications: online newspapers, magazines, news agencies, news sites, newsgroups, Internet TVs, Internet radio); online games and virtual worlds; social media (social networks, blogs, media hustings, internet encyclopedias, etc.). The development of information technology leads to the transformation of communication processes in society. New media is a phenomenon of the modern information space, which combines phenomena and processes different in nature (mass media—means of communication, the consumer—the author of the content, convergence—divergence), and they are dynamically changing, which determines the relevance of further research.

The existence of two separate and distinctly different information spaces is acutely apparent in Latgale, and this situation is heightened by easily picked up Russian and Belarussian television programming as well as illegal satellite operator (smartcard) sharing. Considering these circumstances – and the fact that residents are exposed to vastly different information and interpretations about national, international, economic, social and cultural developments – national Latvian media policy is focused on forging closer links in the realm of information between Latgale and other regions of Latvia, thereby guaranteeing that residents of the border areas are informed of national processes and developments in international events. What steps should be taken in order to, with a reasonable amount of investment, reach as large an audience as possible and promote the development of diverse content for the Latgalian audience? The author of the article analyses the goals and support measures initiated by the Latgale electronic media programme of the National Electronic Mass Media Council (NEPLP) for Latgalian electronic media and producer groups. The programme is a set of measures and activities based on the public service remit for public and commercial media, which includes technical solutions for improving broadcasting standards. In particular, the programme focuses on supporting content generation at local radio stations, which in Latgale continue to be an important source of information and have substantial audiences. The article focuses on tasks that should be performed by the Latgale multimedia studio of Latvian Radio. The studio is a precondition for increasing the public media audience in Latgale as well as for the consolidation of Latgalian identity and protection of the Latgalian language. Based on the communicative needs of Latgalian speakers, the author accents the need for electronic media in the Latgalian language. In-depth studies regarding the demand for and use of written materials in the Latgalian language would help in developing a strategy for the coming years for shaping policy in regard to the preservation and further development of the Latgalian language.

In this paper, we propose a new approach to visualization of software repositories that allow users to search and explore software projects in virtual reality. In provided environment, respective information structures are mapped to interactive 3D objects. We assume that such transformation of information space to its visible representation will enable the users to gain problem domain knowledge subliminally during the explorations, and that the acquired knowledge will help them to fulfill future tasks more effectively.

Faceted Search Systems (FSS) have gained prominence in research as one of the exploratory search approaches that support complex search tasks. They provide facets to educate users about the information space and allow them to refine their search query and navigate back and forth between resources on a single results page. When the information available in the collection being searched across increases, so does the number of associated facets. This can make it impractical to display all of the facets at once. To tackle this problem, FSS employ methods for facet ranking. Ranking methods can be based on the information structure, the textual queries issued by the user, or the usage logs. Such methods reflect neither the importance of the facets nor the user interests. I focus on the problem of ranking facets from knowledge bases (KB) and Linked Open Data (LOD). KB have the advantage of containing high quality structured data. With the increasing size and complexity of LOD datasets, the task of deciding which facets should be manifest to the user, and in which order, becomes more difficult. Moreover, the idea of personalizing exploratory search can be challenging and tricky, since personalization in IR (specifically precision-oriented search engines) implicitly implies narrowing and focusing the information space to retrieve the most relevant results according to the users' interests and desires. On the contrary, exploratory search systems are typically recall-oriented and they favor covering as much from the information space as possible. They also encourage diversifying the user knowledge to help them learn and discover the unknown. The generation of a ranked list of facets should be a dynamic process for a number of reasons. First of all, manually setting up facets is a time consuming task which relies upon domain experts. Second, it is not practical on large, multi-domain datasets. Even one-off automatic facet generation and ranking might not be suitable for data that changes and grows over time. Lastly, the relevance of facets can be user, query and context dependant. I am proposing a personalized approach to the dynamic ranking of facets. The approach combines different sources of information to recommend the most relevant facets. The first source is the knowledge-base from which the facets are originally generated. The second is facets generated from the top-ranked documents in a search system. The user search query is submitted to a general search engine and the top ranked documents are used to add context to the ranking process. Finally, the third source uses a user interests profile, which is collected from social media and the user's behavior in the system. These sources contribute to the final ranking score to reflect the importance of facets without ignoring user interests. My proposed research aims to answer the following research questions: RQ1: To what extent does the addition of features from retrieved search results from a general web search improve the computation of facet relevance? RQ2: What is the most effective method to incorporate personal interests and user usage data into the ranking process? RQ3: Does personalising facet ranking have a measurable impact upon the user search experience.

In the last decade, scientific digital libraries were traditionally used for publishing research results and for enabling wide open access to them. Functional capabilities of digital libraries can be extended by offering users the opportunity of linking information objects of the library and providing for created linkages explicitly defined semantics based on a given ontology. Such an activity of users, which is peculiar to social networks, motivated by different reasons, and carried out on their own initiative, results in the dynamic semantic structure of the digital library content. In the environment of such a kind of a social network, certain new forms of scientific activities become possible and data sources can be created that provide more information for scientometric researches as compared to presently available ones. In this paper, we propose an approach for creating such networks and discuss results of its implementation in the Socionet environment; the Socionet is a large-scale online information space that covers information resources of a number of scientific, educational, etc. organizations.

This paper provides the reader from the base to the state of art in Linked Open Data (LOD), with issues and challenges. In addition, reader will be motivated by reading the projects analysed in the information space of five major computer science areas (Intelligence, Multimedia, Sensors, File System and Library), future trends and directions in LOD.

У статті розглядаються питання застосування комп’ютерних онтологій і онтологічного інтерфейсу як ефективного засобу інтеграції, агрегації та візуалізації розподілених інформаційних ресурсів і систем на основі використання семантичних властивостей з метою створення і використання інформаційних середовищ у навчально-дослідницькій діяльності учнів. Описується підхід поєднання можливостей комп’ютерних онтологій і функцій геопросторового аналітичного інструментарію ГІС. Наводиться методика застосування онтологічного інтерфейсу на прикладі створення тематичних шарів карт у ГІС-середовищі на основі тематичної онтології.

We are overwhelmed and overloaded with the data deluge brought by the digital age. Hierarchies are pervasive cognitive patterns that allow us to reorganize data and reduce the dimensionality of the information space to manageable levels (e.g., filesystems and navigational menus). In spite of their widespread adoption, such hierarchies can be improved to cope with the present needs of data sharing and reuse. First, we seldom use mechanisms to evaluate how well they partition the information space. Second, we build static and content-driven hierarchies instead of dynamic and context-driven (i.e., task-driven) ones. Third, we use ad hoc and implicit hierarchization criteria, whereas they should be explicit and shareable. This paper discusses the problems related to the construction of hierarchies, and presents a conceptual framework to turn them into reconfigurable and shareable artifacts. Moreover, it explores how dynamically reconfigurable hierarchies can better cope with the multi-faceted nature of content, illustrating these principles through a tool that validates our proposal.

As open access material becomes more available across the scholarly information space, a need has arisen for creation of special metadata indicating this open access status, and for that metadata to be standard through the supply chain in order to be shared and communicated most effectively among a number of players. The National Information Standards Organization has recently launched a new work item, the Open Access Metadata and Indicators working group, which will specify a standardized set of metadata elements to detail article accessibility and license permissions. By defining how to tie availability permissions to an object useful to humans and machines, the group intends to support improved communication of this information and affect better use of open access material overall.