Fabien Ferrero, Gilles Jacquemod, Cyril Luxey, Sébastien Jan, Diane Titz, Hilal Ezzeddine, Frederic Gianesello, Daniel Gloria, Romain Pilard, Claire Laporte, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique, Antennes et Télécommunications (LEAT), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), STMicroelectronics, STMicroelectronics [Tours] (ST-TOURS), and CREMANT
In this paper, we present a new wideband miniature branchline coupler as a key circuit to be integrated in 60-GHz packaged beamforming networks for phased-array antennas. First, the integrated passive device (IPD) technology from STMicroelectronics is investigated in the mm-wave range through the simulation, fabrication, and measurements of a microstrip line and a simple hybrid coupler. Then, a novel coupler topology with emphasis on miniaturization and broadband operation is theorized. Analytical equations are derived and a 60-GHz coupler is optimized on IPD technology. Measurement results are discussed and compared with state-of-the art publications. The whole 57–66-GHz bandwidth is efficiently covered with the three following performance: ${-}{\rm 10}{\hbox{-}}{\rm dB}$ impedance matching, ${\pm}{\rm 1}{\hbox{-}}{\rm dB}$ amplitude imbalance, and ${\pm}{5}^{\circ}$ phase imbalance. As an application example, the novel coupler is integrated into a 4 $\,\times\,$ 4 Butler matrix suitable for an array-antenna demonstrating state-of-the art performance in terms of insertion loss and phase error. The measurement of different samples shows low variation of the IPD process because of very good reproducibility making it a suitable candidate for circuits operating in the 60-GHz band.