13 results on '"Parent, Boris"'
Search Results
2. Heat susceptibility of grain filling in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) linked with rapid chlorophyll loss during a 3-day heat treatment
- Author
-
Shirdelmoghanloo, Hamid, Lohraseb, Iman, Rabie, Huwaida S., Brien, Chris, Parent, Boris, and Collins, Nicholas C.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Differential sensitivity to temperature and evaporative demand in wheat relatives.
- Author
-
Leveau, Stéphane, Parent, Boris, Zaka, Serge, and Martre, Pierre
- Subjects
- *
GENETIC variation , *WHEAT breeding , *PLANT anatomy , *SPECIES diversity , *SUBSPECIES , *PLANT transpiration , *WHEAT ,LEAF growth - Abstract
There are potential sources of alleles and genes currently present in wheat-related species that have the potential to be introduced into wheat breeding programs targeting current and future hot and dry climates. However, to date neither the intra- nor the interspecific diversity of the responses of leaf growth and transpiration to temperature and evaporative demand have been investigated in across a significant range of wheat-related species. By analysing 12 groups of wheat-related species and subspecies, we were able to examine the multi-dimensional structure of the genetic diversity for traits linked to plant vegetative structures and their development, and to leaf expansion and transpiration, together with their responses to 'non-stressing' ranges of temperature and evaporative demand. In addition to providing new insights on how genome type, ploidy level, phylogeny, and breeding pressure act together to structure this genetic diversity, our study also provides new mathematical formalisms and associated parameters for trait responses across a wide range of genetic diversity in wheat-related species. This will potentially allow crop models to predict the impact of this diversity on yield, and thus to indicate potential sources of varietal improvement for modern wheat germplasms through interspecific crosses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Quantifying wheat sensitivities to environmental constraints to dissect G x E in the field
- Author
-
Parent, Boris, BONNEAU, Julien, Maphosa, Lance, Kovalchuk, Alex, Langridge, Peter, Fleury, Delphine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics (ACPFG) and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australian Research Council, The Grains Research and Development Corporation [ACP00002-Q], European Project: 244374, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
- Subjects
blé ,wheat ,contrainte environnementale ,food and beverages ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,analyse de qtl ,genotype environment interaction ,écophysiologie végétale ,interaction génotype environnement - Abstract
Yield is subject to strong Genotype by Environment interactions (G x E) in the field, especially under abiotic constraints such as soil water deficit (Drought, D) and high temperature (Heat, H). Since environmental conditions show strong fluctuations during the whole crop cycle, geneticists usually do not consider the environmental measures as quantitative variables, but rather as factors in multi-environment analyses. Based on 11 experiments in a field platform with contrasted temperature and soil water deficit, we determined the periods of sensitivity to drought and heat constraints in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and determined the average sensitivities for major yield components. G x E interactions were separated into their underlying components, constitutive (G), G x D, G x H and G x H x D, and were analysed for two genotypes, highlighting contrasted responses to heat and drought constraints. We then tested the constitutive and responsive behaviours of two strong Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) previously associated with yield components. This analysis confirmed the constitutive effect of chromosome 1B QTL, and explained the G x E interaction of chromosome 3B QTL by a benefit of one allele when temperature rises. In addition to the method itself which can be applied to other datasets and populations, this study will support the cloning of a major yield QTL on chromosome 3B which is highly dependent on environmental conditions, and for which the climatic interaction is now quantified.
- Published
- 2017
5. Genetic basis of wheat yield under dry and hot climates
- Author
-
Thomelin, Pauline, Arsego, Fabio, Tura, Habtamu, Garcia, Melissa, Tricker, Penny, Eckermann, Paul, Parent, Boris, Fleury, Delphine, University of Adelaide, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
- Subjects
Reproductive Biology ,carte génétique ,australie ,qtl ,food and beverages ,tolérance à la sécheresse ,[SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology ,genotype environment interaction ,modèle écophysiologique ,interaction génotype environnement ,blé ,wheat ,Biologie de la reproduction ,genetic mapping - Abstract
In Australian dryland agriculture, grain crop yields are approximately 50% of their potential and are highly unpredictable. During the 1990’s, the rate of productivity increase in Australian broad acre cropping improved by 3.4% annually but has since slowed and declined by -1.4% in drought years. A way to improve the drought tolerance of crops varieties is to discover new genes and alleles that allow plants to continue to grow and yield grain under water limited conditions. Although many quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified in wheat, few have been deployed in breeding programmes. We cumulated QTL over 10 years on three wheat populations for yield, agronomical, physiological and morphological traits in various locations in Australia, India and Mexico. Genomic resources now enable us make progress in fine mapping and positional cloning of QTL in wheat. Target QTL that increases yield and yield components in hot and dry climates were fine mapped to genes level using the cv Chinese Spring reference sequence and whole genome shotgun sequences of Australian parental lines. We also investigated QTL function under controlled conditions to measure growth rate, transpiration, stomatal traits, and semi-controlled evironments using deep soil bins, rainout shelter and irrigation. By measuring accurately the environmental variables and using ecophysiological models, we can dissect the response to the environment into elementary and simpler traits and identify the conditions where a QTL is specifically expressed. Such detailed information on QTL x environment interaction, physiological mechanism and fine mapping is crucial for breeding application.
- Published
- 2017
6. Experimental and modeling evidence of carbon limitation of leaf appearance rate for spring and winter wheat.
- Author
-
Baumont, Maeva, Parent, Boris, Manceau, Loïc, Brown, Hamish E, Driever, Steven M, Muller, Bertrand, and Martre, Pierre
- Subjects
- *
WINTER wheat , *PLANT development , *CARBON dioxide , *PHOTOPERIODISM , *PHOTOSYNTHESIS , *CROP yields - Abstract
Accurate predictions of the timing of physiological stages and the development rate are crucial for predicting crop performance under field conditions. Plant development is controlled by the leaf appearance rate (LAR) and our understanding of how LAR responds to environmental factors is still limited. Here, we tested the hypothesis that carbon availability may account for the effects of irradiance, photoperiod, atmospheric CO2 concentration, and ontogeny on LAR. We conducted three experiments in growth chambers to quantify and disentangle these effects for both winter and spring wheat cultivars. Variations of LAR observed between environmental scenarios were well explained by the supply/demand ratio for carbon, quantified using the photothermal quotient. We therefore developed an ecophysiological model based on the photothermal quotient that accounts for the effects of temperature, irradiance, photoperiod, and ontogeny on LAR. Comparisons of observed leaf stages and LAR with simulations from our model, from a linear thermal-time model, and from a segmented linear thermal-time model corrected for sowing date showed that our model can simulate the observed changes in LAR in the field with the lowest error. Our findings demonstrate that a hypothesis-driven approach that incorporates more physiology in specific processes of crop models can increase their predictive power under variable environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Phenotyping of plants in competitive but controlled environments: a study of drought response in transgenic wheat.
- Author
-
Kovalchuk, Nataliya, Laga, Hamid, Cai, Jinhai, Kumar, Pankaj, Parent, Boris, Zhi Lu, Miklavcic, Stanley J., and Haefele, Stephan M.
- Subjects
PHENOTYPES ,EFFECT of drought on plants ,TRANSGENIC plants ,PLANT genes ,WHEAT - Abstract
In recent years, the interest in new technologies for wheat improvement has increased greatly. To screen genetically modified germplasm in conditions more realistic for a field situation we developed a phenotyping platform where transgenic wheat and barley are grown in competition. In this study, we used the platform to (1) test selected promoter and gene combinations for their capacity to increase drought tolerance, (2) test the function and power of our platform to screen the performance of transgenic plants growing in competition, and (3) develop and test an imaging and analysis process as a means of obtaining additional, non-destructive data on plant growth throughout the whole growth cycle instead of relying solely on destructive sampling at the end of the season. The results showed that several transgenic lines under well watered conditions had higher biomass and/or grain weight than the wild-type control but the advantage was significant in one case only. None of the transgenics seemed to show any grain weight advantage under drought stress and only two lines had a substantially but not significantly higher biomass weight than the wild type. However, their evaluation under drought stress was disadvantaged by their delayed flowering date, which increased the drought stress they experienced in comparison to the wild type. Continuous imaging during the season provided additional and non-destructive phenotyping information on the canopy development of mini-plots in our phenotyping platform. A correlation analysis of daily canopy coverage data with harvest metrics showed that the best predictive value from canopy coverage data for harvest metrics was achieved with observations from around heading/ flowering to early ripening whereas early season observations had only a limited diagnostic value. The result that the biomass/leaf development in the early growth phase has little correlation with biomass or grain yield data questions imaging approaches concentrating only on the early development stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Genetic control of grain yield and grain physical characteristics in a bread wheat population grown under a range of environmental conditions.
- Author
-
Maphosa, Lancelot, Langridge, Peter, Taylor, Helen, Parent, Boris, Emebiri, Livinus, Kuchel, Haydn, Reynolds, Matthew, Chalmers, Ken, Okada, Anzu, Edwards, James, and Mather, Diane
- Subjects
GRAIN yields ,WHEAT ,GRAIN growth ,GRAIN genetics ,PHOTOPERIODISM ,PLANTS ,EFFECT of environment on plants ,EFFECT of heat on plants - Abstract
Key message: Genetic analysis of the yield and physical quality of wheat revealed complex genetic control, including strong effects of photoperiod-sensitivity loci. Abstract: Environmental conditions such as moisture deficit and high temperatures during the growing period affect the grain yield and grain characteristics of bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). The aim of this study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain yield and grain quality traits using a Drysdale/Gladius bread wheat mapping population grown under a range of environmental conditions in Australia and Mexico. In general, yield and grain quality were reduced in environments exposed to drought and/or heat stress. Despite large effects of known photoperiod-sensitivity loci ( Ppd- B1 and Ppd- D1) on crop development, grain yield and grain quality traits, it was possible to detect QTL elsewhere in the genome. Some of these QTL were detected consistently across environments. A locus on chromosome 6A ( TaGW2) that is known to be associated with grain development was associated with grain width, thickness and roundness. The grain hardness ( Ha) locus on chromosome 5D was associated with particle size index and flour extraction and a region on chromosome 3B was associated with grain width, thickness, thousand grain weight and yield. The genetic control of grain length appeared to be largely independent of the genetic control of the other grain dimensions. As expected, effects on grain yield were detected at loci that also affected yield components. Some QTL displayed QTL-by-environment interactions, with some having effects only in environments subject to water limitation and/or heat stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Temperature responses of developmental processes have not been affected by breeding in different ecological areas for 17 crop species.
- Author
-
Parent, Boris and Tardieu, François
- Subjects
- *
EFFECT of temperature on crops , *PLANT breeding , *CELL division , *CORN , *RICE , *WHEAT - Abstract
Rates of tissue expansion, cell division and progression in the plant cycle are driven by temperature, following common Arrhenius-type response curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Improvement of stress tolerance of wheat and barley by modulation of expression of DREB/CBF factors.
- Author
-
Morran, Sarah, Eini, Omid, Pyvovarenko, Tatiana, Parent, Boris, Singh, Rohan, Ismagul, Ainur, Eliby, Serik, Shirley, Neil, Langridge, Peter, and Lopato, Sergiy
- Subjects
WHEAT ,BARLEY ,EFFECT of stress on plants ,DROUGHT tolerance ,FROST resistance of plants ,TRANSCRIPTION factors ,GENETIC transcription regulation ,TRANSGENIC plants - Abstract
Transcription factors have been shown to control the activity of multiple stress response genes in a coordinated manner and therefore represent attractive targets for application in molecular plant breeding. We investigated the possibility of modulating the transcriptional regulation of drought and cold responses in the agriculturally important species, wheat and barley, with a view to increase drought and frost tolerance. Transgenic wheat and barley plants were generated showing constitutive (double 35S) and drought-inducible (maize Rab17) expression of the TaDREB2 and TaDREB3 transcription factors isolated from wheat grain. Transgenic populations with constitutive over-expression showed slower growth, delayed flowering and lower grain yields relative to the nontransgenic controls. However, both the TaDREB2 and TaDREB3 transgenic plants showed improved survival under severe drought conditions relative to nontransgenic controls. There were two components to the drought tolerance: real (activation of drought-stress-inducible genes) and 'seeming' (consumption of less water as a result of smaller size and/or slower growth of transgenics compared to controls). The undesired changes in plant development associated with the 'seeming' component of tolerance could be alleviated by using a drought-inducible promoter. In addition to drought tolerance, both TaDREB2 and TaDREB3 transgenic plants with constitutive over-expression of the transgene showed a significant improvement in frost tolerance. The increased expression of TaDREB2 and TaDREB3 lead to elevated expression in the transgenics of 10 other CBF/DREB genes and a large number of stress responsive LEA/ COR/ DHN genes known to be responsible for the protection of cell from damage and desiccation under stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Phenotyping of plants in competitive but controlled environments: a study of drought response in transgenic wheat
- Author
-
Hamid Laga, Zhi Lu, Nataliya Kovalchuk, Boris Parent, Pankaj Kumar, Stanley J. Miklavcic, Jinhai Cai, Stephan M. Haefele, Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide, Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, University of South Australia, School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Australian Research Council, Grains Research and Development Corporation, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Kovalchuk, Nataliya, Laga, Hamid, Cai, Jinhai, Kumar, Pankaj, Parent, Boris, Lu, Zhi, Miklavcic, Stanley J, and Haefele, Stephan M
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Canopy ,Germplasm ,Canopy coverage imaging ,correlation analysis ,Drought tolerance ,Plant Science ,Genetically modified crops ,Biology ,analyse d'image ,01 natural sciences ,plant phenotyping ,03 medical and health sciences ,blé ,transcription factors ,wheat ,phénotypage ,competitive growth conditions ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,Plant breeding ,analyse de corrélation ,biomasse aérienne ,Competitive growth conditions ,Crop yield ,Plant physiology ,food and beverages ,tolérance à la sécheresse ,canopy coverage imaging ,Genetically modified organism ,plateforme de phénotypage ,030104 developmental biology ,Agronomy ,lignée transgénique ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Plant phenotyping ,facteur de transcription ,structure de la canopée ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
In recent years, the interest in new technologies for wheat improvement has increased greatly. To screen genetically modified germplasm in conditions more realistic for a field situation we developed a phenotyping platform where transgenic wheat and barley are grown in competition. In this study, we used the platform to (1) test selected promoter and gene combinations for their capacity to increase drought tolerance, (2) test the function and power of our platform to screen the performance of transgenic plants growing in competition, and (3) develop and test an imaging and analysis process as a means of obtaining additional, non-destructive data on plant growth throughout the whole growth cycle instead of relying solely on destructive sampling at the end of the season. The results showed that several transgenic lines under well watered conditions had higher biomass and/or grain weight than the wild-type control but the advantage was significant in one case only. None of the transgenics seemed to show any grain weight advantage under drought stress and only two lines had a substantially but not significantly higher biomass weight than the wild type. However, their evaluation under drought stress was disadvantaged by their delayed flowering date, which increased the drought stress they experienced in comparison to the wild type. Continuous imaging during the season provided additional and non-destructive phenotyping information on the canopy development of mini-plots in our phenotyping platform. A correlation analysis of daily canopy coverage data with harvest metrics showed that the best predictive value from canopy coverage data for harvest metrics was achieved with observations from around heading/flowering to early ripening whereas early season observations had only a limited diagnostic value. The result that the biomass/leaf development in the early growth phase has little correlation with biomass or grain yield data questions imaging approaches concentrating only on the early development stage. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2017
12. Physiological and genetic bases of water-saving traits in wheat
- Author
-
Rémy Schoppach, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, UCL - Ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale, Sadok, Walid, Javaux, Mathieu, Henry de Frahan, Bruno, Chaumont, François, Sinclair, Thomas, and Parent, Boris
- Subjects
Drought ,Genetic ,Physiology ,VPD ,Wheat ,Transpiration - Abstract
In order to satisfy increasing wheat demands, scaling up wheat production will require boosting yield in suboptimal, drought-prone areas. This increase will be particularly challenging since in several major agricultural regions of the world, yield stagnation has been observed during last decades. Moreover, warmer climates are already contributing to significant decreases in worldwide wheat yields, highlighting the need for more adapted germplasm. Under rain-fed environments, one promising option is the identification of traits allowing for soil water conservation. The aim of this thesis was the identification of the physiological and genetic bases of these water-saving traits in wheat. We have shown that genotypes with conservative water use in their response to high atmospheric demand were also conservative in response to soil drying invoking an adapted sensitivity of transpiration rate (TR) to both sources of drought. This thesis revealed a large genetic variability in the responses of TR to VPD with a significant effect of day and night atmospheric conditions during growth affecting compensation mechanisms between leaf areas and TR sensitivities to VPD. Nighttime TR was shown to be highly significant in wheat and strongly correlated to daytime TR process, revealing that tolerance strategies such as conservative water use do also exists under night-time environments. The exceptional drought tolerance of the conservative breeding line RAC875 was linked to a root-based hydraulic restriction that requires potentially heritable functional (AQP-based processes) and anatomical features. Finally, we highlighted a total of 68 mostly trait-specific QTL. Six QTL were identified for the TR response to VPD, with one QTL individually explaining 25.4% of the genetic variance. This QTL harbored several genes previously reported to be involved in drought tolerance and plant hydraulics. (AGRO - Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique) -- UCL, 2016
- Published
- 2016
13. Heat susceptibility of grain filling in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) linked with rapid chlorophyll loss during a 3-day heat treatment
- Author
-
Chris Brien, Hamid Shirdelmoghanloo, Iman Lohraseb, Nicholas C. Collins, Huwaida Rabie, Boris Parent, Shirdelmoghanloo, Hamid, Lohraseb, Iman, Rabie, Huwaida S, Brien, Chris, Parent, Boris, Collins, Nicholas C, University of Adelaide, Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, University of South Australia, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,senescence ,Physiology ,Plant Science ,Grain filling ,Biology ,Senescence ,01 natural sciences ,Degree (temperature) ,Heat tolerance ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,stay-green ,Anthesis ,wheat ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,Chlorophyll content ,Stay-green ,Plant physiology ,food and beverages ,heat tolerance ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Heat wave ,Grain size ,Horticulture ,chlorophyll content ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Chlorophyll ,Wheat ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Brief heat events (1–3 days, >30 °C) commonly reduce wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain size and consequently yield. To identify mechanisms of tolerance to such short heat events, 36 wheat genotypes were treated under day/night temperatures of 37 °C/27 °C for 3-days in a growth chamber, at 10 days after anthesis, and a range of developmental, chlorophyll and yield-related traits monitored. The degree of flag leaf chlorophyll loss during the treatment was the variable that showed the highest correlation to grain weight loss (r = 0.63; p
- Published
- 2016
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.