Search

Your search keyword '"Ballouche, Aziz"' showing total 9 results
Start Over Author "Ballouche, Aziz" Topic west africa
9 results on '"Ballouche, Aziz"'

1. Fire-prone Landscapes in the West African savanna. Present-day dynamics and historical roots

Author

Ballouche, Aziz, BALLOUCHE, Aziz, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Holocene, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Savanna, West Africa, Landscape, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Fire, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

International audience; The Sudanian savanna in West Africa is clearly one of the most representative examples of a landscape that has been fully transformed by human intervention, specifically by fire. In the savanna landscapes, bush fires are an omnipresent, recurrent and determinant phenomenon. Often considered as a major risk and an environmental constraint for the vegetation, burning is also a socio-cultural practice. More than a degradation factor, fires are a part of modes of managing the environment by agro-pastoral societies. The fire-prone landscapes we observe today are also inherited as the result of long-term interaction between human societies and their environment. A historical perspective on the role of fire in their construction is thus essential for gaining an insight into current dynamics.

Published
2019

3. L'incision généralisée de la vallée du Yamé (Mali) entre 2350 et 1700 cal. BP : quelle signification paléoenvironnementale et archéologique?

Author

Garnier, Aline, Lespez, Laurent, Ozainne, Sylvain, Ballouche, Aziz, Mayor, Anne, Le Drezen, Yann, Rasse, Michel, Huysecom, Eric, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Archéologie et Peuplement de l'Afrique (Unité d'Anthropologie) (APA), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Pôle de recherche pour l'organisation et la diffusion de l'information géographique (PRODIG), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Identités et Différenciation de l'Environnement des Espaces et des Sociétés (IDEES), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Identité et Différenciation de l’Espace, de l’Environnement et des Sociétés (IDEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), and Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)

Subjects
Fluvial system, Holocene, West Africa, Geomorphology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

4. Where are the 'bad fires' in West African savannas? Re-thinking burning management through a space time analysis in Burkina Faso

Author

Caillault, Sébastien, Ballouche, Aziz, Delahaye, Daniel, Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)

Subjects
spatial analysis, burning management, West Africa, Burkina Faso, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, political ecology, landscape, savanna
Abstract

International audience; In Sudanian savannas, frequent fires are required to maintain a mix of trees and grasses. After a century of long conflict over fire utilisation and resource management, arising from colonial scientists reacting against traditional practice, fire has become a management tool used to shape tropical vegetation. Many examples show that fire is allowed and used in protected areas, and more recently, tolerated in West African countrysides. If fires are no longer viewed as 'evil' for African landscapes, fire setting remains a problem. Nowadays, fire ecology and the savanna concept focus on fire seasonal temporality, and create a new and more specific category of contested fires, or late-season fire, referred to in this paper as 'bad fires'. This specific category generally conceives fire as a biophysical element, which leads to savanna degradation. This paper examines the reality of 'bad fires' in the Western Burkina Faso through a space-time analysis to investigate the existence of an annually seasonal pattern of fires created by peasants. Using spatial association (I_Moran) on active fire MODIS products, we are able to demonstrate a deterministic regional pattern occurring over six years (from 2004 to 2009). Results of this study confirm the importance of a close study of fire in its temporal dimension with respect to temporality in burning practices. Conclusions show that the details of timing in fire-setting are key and also bring us new perspectives to understanding fire collective management at a local scale and new elements for climate modelling at a global scale.

Published
2014

5. L'« ARIDIFICATION DU PAYSAGE » EN AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST A L'HOLOCENE RECENT. CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE ET/OU ACTION ANTHROPIQUE?

Author

Ballouche, Aziz, Laboratoire Paysages & Biodiversité, Université d'Angers (UA), and Ballouche, Aziz

Subjects
Paléoclimat, [SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Paysage, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Afrique de l'Ouest, West Africa, Landscape, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Palaeoclimate, Holocène
Abstract

The history of the soudano-sahelian west-African palaeoenvironments is confronted to climatic changes, settlement history and land use in the late Holocene. The “Landscape aridification” processes appear as results of the combination of these closely linked factors., L'histoire des paléoenvironnements végétaux de l'Afrique de l'Ouest soudano-sahélienne est confrontée aux variations climatiques de l'Holocène récent et à l'histoire des activités anthropiques. Les processus d'« aridification du paysage » semblent résulter de combinaisons entre ces facteurs.

Published
2004

6. Le projet 'Dahomey Gap' - une contribution à l'histoire de la végétation au Sud-Bénin et Sud-ouest du Nigeria

Author

Ballouche, Aziz, Akoègninou, Akpovi, Neumann, Katharina, Salzmann, Ulrich, Sowunmi, M. Adebisi, Laboratoire Paysages & Biodiversité, Université d'Angers (UA), UNB, FAST, Université Nationale du Bénin, Archäobotanik Afrikas, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Dept of Archaeology, University of Ibadan, and Ballouche, Aziz

Subjects
palaeoenvironment, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Afrique de l'Ouest, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, landscape, savanna, paléoenvironnement, ddc:580, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, West Africa, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Dahomey Gap, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, paysage, savane, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract

The African rain forest consists of two parts, separated in Togo and Benin by a savanna strip: the Dahomey Gap. From this gap, numerous questions arise concerning the relation of forest and savanna in the past. The project „Dahomey Gap“ searches for answers in southern Benin and south-western Nigeria, with an multidisciplinary approach including botany and vegetation history. Based on advanced studies on the vegetation of Benin and on preliminary data from palynological prospections, some aspects of the project are presented, such as a short description of the different vegetation types and our first data from the lagoonal sediments on the vegetation history of southern Benin (mangroves, forests, savannas) during the last 7000 years., La coupure que l'on constate dans les forêts denses africaines au niveau du Togo et du Bénin soulève de nombreuses questions sur les rapports forêt/savane au cours des derniers millénaires. Le projet Dahomey Gap vise à y répondre, par une approche pluridisciplinaire intégrant botanique et histoire de la végétation dans le Sud-Bénin et le Sud-Ouest du Nigéria. A partir de travaux déjà avancés sur la végétation du Bénin et des premières prospections palynologiques, quelques aspects du projet sont exposés ici: tels la caractérisation des différentes formations forestières du Bénin, les premiers résultats sur l'histoire holocène de la végétation du Sud-Bénin (mangroves, forêts, savanes) enregistrée depuis près de 7000 ans dans les lagunes.

Published
2000

7. Where are the 'bad fires' in West African savannas? Rethinking burning management through a space-time analysis in Burkina Faso.

Author

Caillault, Sebastien, Ballouche, Aziz, and Delahaye, Daniel

Subjects
*SAVANNAS, *POLITICAL ecology, *GEOGRAPHIC spatial analysis, *FOREST fires
Abstract

In Sudanian savannas, frequent fires are required to maintain a mix of trees and grasses. After a century of long conflict over fire utilisation and resource management, arising from colonial scientists reacting against traditional practice, fire has become a management tool used to shape tropical vegetation. Many examples show that fire is allowed and used in protected areas, and more recently, tolerated in West African countrysides. If fires are no longer viewed as 'evil' for African landscapes, fire setting remains a problem. Nowadays, fire ecology and the savanna concept focus on fire seasonal temporality, and create a new and more specific category of contested fires, or late-season fire, referred to in this paper as 'bad fires'. This specific category generally conceives fire as a biophysical element, which leads to savanna degradation. This paper examines the reality of 'bad fires' in the Western Burkina Faso through a space-time analysis to investigate the existence of an annually seasonal pattern of fires created by peasants. Using spatial association ( I_ Moran) on active fire MODIS products, we are able to demonstrate a deterministic regional pattern occurring over six years (from 2004 to 2009). Results of this study confirm the importance of a close study of fire in its temporal dimension with respect to temporality in burning practices. Conclusions show that the details of timing in fire-setting are key and also bring us new perspectives to understanding fire collective management at a local scale and new elements for climate modelling at a global scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. A question of timing: spatio-temporal structure and mechanisms of early agriculture expansion in West Africa.

Author

Ozainne, Sylvain, Lespez, Laurent, Garnier, Aline, Ballouche, Aziz, Neumann, Katharina, Pays, Olivier, and Huysecom, Eric

Subjects
*SPATIOTEMPORAL processes, *ARCHAEOLOGICAL databases, *CLIMATE change, *MILLETS
Abstract

Although understanding the emergence of agriculture in West Africa has recently benefited from major advances, the reasons for its fast diffusion south of the Sahara remain to be explained. We propose here a reconstruction of African agriculture expansion built from a spatialization of available archaeological data and associated radiocarbon dates. With this approach, we can show that the initial spread of food production occurred with some specific rhythms. From this structure, we discuss the potential underlying processes. Our work suggests that the spread of agriculture in West Africa cannot be explained by a simple response to an abrupt environmental change at the beginning of the Late Holocene, but rather by a combined climate-culture mechanism. In addition, cord-wrapped roulette-impressed pottery appears to be a good indicator of the expansion of agro-pastoralist populations in Sub-Saharan regions. Our results are also consistent with the assumption of a monophyletic origin of domestic pearl millet in south-western Sahara and strengthen the idea that the first cultivators were Saharan pastoralists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Hydrosedimentary records and Holocene environmental dynamics in the Yamé Valley (Mali, Sudano-Sahelian West Africa)

Author

Le Drézen, Yann, Lespez, Laurent, Rasse, Michel, Garnier, Aline, Coutard, Sylvie, Huysecom, Eric, and Ballouche, Aziz

Subjects
*HYDROLOGY, *WATERSHEDS, *CLIMATE change, *LAKES, *ECOLOGY, *HOLOCENE stratigraphic geology
Abstract

Abstract: Research conducted in the Yamé Valley (Dogon Country, Mali) provides valuable information about the river systems and their Holocene evolution in Sudano-Sahelian West Africa. Past research in the region has relied primarily on marine and lacustrine records. The new results confirm correlation between palaeoclimatic fluctuations recorded in both the river system and in tropical African lakes. They offer a new continental milestone for understanding of the environmental repercussions of Holocene monsoon oscillations. These studies demonstrate the value of river systems as a palaeoenvironmental record and the role of palaeoclimatic and anthropogenic factors in the Holocene dynamics of Sudano-Sahelian hydrosystems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results