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In this study, a new composite, tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), was incorporated into amino terephthalic acid-modified activated carbon (ATA@AC) through a one-pot integration of TEPA with the COOH moiety of ATA@AC. This process resulted in the creation of a TEPA@ATA@AC composite for Pb(II) removal from an aquatic environment. Several techniques, including SEM, EDX, FT-IR, TGA, XRD, and Zeta potential, were employed to emphasize the chemical composition, morphology, and thermal durability of the as-synthesized TEPA@ATA@AC composite. The impact of experimental variables on the adsorption of Pb(II) ions was studied using batch adsorption. The uptake assessment suggested that the TEPA@ATA@AC composite exhibited superior Pb(II) removal performance with high removal efficiency (97.65%) at pH = 6.5, dosage = 0.02 g, equilibrium time = 300 min, and temperature = 298 K. The isotherm data exhibited good conformity with the Langmuir isotherm model, whereas the kinetics data displayed strong agreement with both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models. This reflected that the Pb((II) uptake by the TEPA@ATA@AC composite was caused by physisorption coupled with limited chemisorption. The greatest monolayer uptake capacity of the TEPA@ATA@AC composite was 432.8 mg/g. The thermodynamic findings indicated that the Pb(II) uptake on the TEPA@ATA@AC composite was an exothermic and feasible process. After five adsorption—desorption runs, the TEPA@ATA@AC composite maintained a superior uptake capacity (83.80%). In summary, the TEPA@ATA@AC composite shows promise as a potent adsorbent for effectively removing Cr(VI) from contaminated water, with impressive removal efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shortage of water resources in Saudi Arabia is becoming an increasingly serious problem. Management of sewage water is an attractive option to reduce the contamination of water resources such as ground water. This work aims to use bauxite rock as a low-cost adsorbent/coagulant for sewage water treatment in a simple and rapid technique. Different doses (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/l) of the grinded bauxite was used as an adsorbent/coagulant. The results revealed that, at rock doses of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 g/l, the COD concentration was decreased from 326 to 134, 98, 83, 70, and 65 mg/l, respectively, while the BOD concentration was lowered from 243 to 196, 104, 71, 60, 51, and 47 for the same rock doses. This was reflected on the turbidity of the treated effluent from each treatment step. Also, the FC counts were reduced to 2 log units. Furthermore, the dose of 3 g/l of the grinded bauxite rock was found to be the least economic dose for the treatment of sewage water. Bauxite mineral has been used explicitly in a high-performance, very affordable method for wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]