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In this work, Bi 2 S 3 nanoflowers were in situ anchored on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 via a hydrothermal process to obtain MXene-supported Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 nanocomposite, then incorporated inside in sodium alginate polymer to prepared hydrogel materials (Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H) which outperforms and have an excellent capability for the removal of pollutants like disinfected byproducts. The synthesized hydrogel material Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H may be utilized for a variety of functional materials in environmental applications. Furthermore, the Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H was characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, BET, AFM, FTIR, Zeta potential, XPS, Raman and TGA. Remarkably, Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H hydrogel 0.007 cm 3  g -1 , 159.5 nm and 0.0017 cm 3  g -1 , 160.5 nm materials exhibited the highest average pore diameter. The research focused on evaluating the adsorption capability of Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H hydrogel materials for 2,6-dibromo-4-nitrophenol (DBNP), 2,4,6-triiodophenol (TIP), 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP) and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP). The findings indicated that the material exhibited the eradication efficiency of about 662, 657, 647 and 617 mg/g from DBNP, TIP, TCP and DCNP respectively. Several adsorption isotherms were extensively examined, encompassing the Temkin, Langmuir and Freundlich models, alongside pseudo-first and second-order models. The Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models showed the highest degree of consistency with the observed data. Concerning regeneration and reusability, the materials demonstrated easy regeneration and effective recyclability over the course of 10 cycles. The notable adsorption capacity, coupled with the innovative combination of Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 and polymer hydrogel, along with its recyclability, positions our material Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H as a highly prospective competitors for wastewater treatment and other critical areas in water research., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

A unique combination of cotton fabric (CF) with a mixture of EDTA and APTES Fe 3 O 4 magnetic particles was developed and utilized for the first time as an adsorbent for removing pollutants from wastewater. Initially, Fe 3 O 4 was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. Further, the surface of Fe 3 O 4 was modified by introducing amino functional groups through a reaction with APTES, resulting in Fe 3 O 4 -NH 2 . Following this, the surface of carbon fiber (CF) was altered using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to create CF@EDTA. Through the use of EDC-HCl and NHS, Fe 3 O 4 -NH 2 was attached to the surface of CF@EDTA, resulting in the final product CF@EDTA/Fe 3 O 4 . Subsequently, the prepared CF@EDTA/Fe 3 O 4 was utilized to adsorb metal pollutants from wastewater, with a thorough analysis conducted using various characterization techniques including FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, VSM, and XPS to study the materials. The study specifically aimed to assess the adsorption performance of our cotton-based material towards As(III) and Cr 3+ metal ions. The pH study was also performed. Results indicated that the material exhibited an adsorption capacity of approximately 714 mg/g for As(III) ions and 708 mg/g for Cr 3+ ions. The Langmuir and Freundlich models, as well as pseudo-first and second-order models were also analyzed. The Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models were found to best fit the data. In terms of regeneration and reusability, the materials showed straightforward regeneration and recyclability for up to 15 cycles. The remarkable adsorption capacity, combined with the unique blend of cotton and Fe 3 O 4 magnet, along with its recyclability, positions our material CF@EDTA/Fe 3 O 4 as a promising contender for wastewater treatment and other significant areas in water research., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The study explores the synergy of biobased polymers and hydrogels for water purification. Polymer nanomaterial's, synthesized by combining acrylamide copolymer with maleic anhydride, were integrated into sodium alginate biopolymer using an eco-friendly approach. Crosslinking agents, calcium chloride and glutaraladehyde, facilitated seamless integration, ensuring non-toxicity, high adsorption performance, and controlled capacity. This innovative combination presents a promising solution for clean and healthy water supplies, addressing the critical need for sustainable environmental practices in water purification. In addition, the polymer sodium alginate hydrogel (MAH@AA-P/SA/H) underwent characterization via the use of several analytical procedures, such as FTIR, XPS, SEM, EDX and XRD. Adsorption studies were conducted on metals and dyes in water, and pollutant removal methods were explored. We investigated several variables (such as pH, starting concentration, duration, and absorbent quantity) affect a material's capacity to be adsorbed. Moreover, the maximum adsorption towards Cu 2+ is 754 mg/g while for Cr 6+ metal ions are 738 mg/g, while the adsorption towards Congo Red and Methylene Blue dye are 685 mg/g and 653 mg/g correspondingly, within 240 min. Adsorption results were further analyzed using kinetic and isothermal models, which showed that MAH@AA-P/SA/H adsorption is governed by a chemisorption process. Hence, the polymer prepared from sodium alginate hydrogel (MAH@AA-P/SA/H) has remarkable properties as a versatile material for the significantly elimination of harmful contaminants from dirty water., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Clean and safe water resources are essential for environmental safety and human health. Hydrogels and biomass polymers have attracted considerable attention in recent years, considering their nontoxicity, controllable performance, and high adsorption capacity. The interpenetrating network described here is a combination of a biomass polymer and a hydrogel adsorbent was established, the biomass polymer microspheres were first prepared with the combination of biomass monomer trans-anethole and maleic anhydride copolymer. A simple, environmentally friendly, and facile method of incorporating biomass polymer into sodium alginate biopolymer was developed by introducing the cross-linking agents calcium chloride and glutaraldehyde into the biomass polymer. Furthermore, the biomass polymer sodium alginate hydrogel (BP@SA/H) was characterized by FTIR, XPS, SEM, and XRD. In order to test materials' performance, the removal of pollutants and the adsorption study were also investigated after and before adsorption toward metals and dyes in water. We examined the factors influencing the materials, adsorption capability, such as initial concentration, time, absorbent amount, and pH. Moreover, the maximum adsorption values for Pb +2 and Cd +2 were 734.9 and 722 mg/g. While the adsorption toward RhB dye are 745 mg/g. In addition, the adsorption results were investigated using kinetic and isothermal models, demonstrating that biomass polymer hydrogel adsorption is chemisorption. Therefore, the as-developed biomass polymer sodium alginate hydrogel (BP@SA/H) is an exceptional multifunctional material that can be used to remove hazardous pollutants from wastewater., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The presence of pollutants in drinking water has become a significant concern recently. Various substances, including activated carbon, membranes, biochar, etc., are used to remove these pollutants. In the present study, a new composite comprising cotton fabric and a mixture of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for eliminating pollutants from wastewater. At first, the UiO-66 MOFs were prepared by a simple method of reacting Zirconium (IV) chloride (ZrCl 4 ) and p-Phthalic acid (PTA) after successful preparation of UiO-66 then modified its surface with amino functional groups by reacting with APTES to obtain UiO-66-NH 2 . Moreover, the cellulose cotton fabric (CF) surface was modified with Polydopamine (PDA) and obtained CF@PDA. Further, with the help of EDC-HCl and NHS, the UiO-66-NH 2 grafted on the surface of the CF@PDA and finally obtained CF@PDA/UiO-66-NH 2 . In addition, the adsorption study was performed toward RhB dye and Pb(II) metal ion pollutants. The maximum adsorption toward RhB dye was 68.5 mg/g, while toward Pb(II) metal ions was 65 mg/g. In addition, the kinetic study was also conducted and the result favoured the Pseudo-second order kinetic study. The adsorption isotherm was also studied and the Langmuir model was more fitted as compared with the Freundlich model. Moreover, the material has excellent regeneration and recycling ability after ten cycles. The significant adsorption ability, the novel combination of cotton and MOFs, and the recycling feature make our material CF@PDA/UiO-66-NH 2 a promising potential absorbent material for wastewater treatment and even in other important areas of water research., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The stability and applicability of UiO-66-(NH 2 ) 2 metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully improved in this study by incorporating them into alginate biopolymer during the manifestation of crosslinking agents-calcium chloride and glutaraldehyde-via a simple, environment-friendly, and facile approach to eradicate potentially toxic metals (PTMs) such as Cr 6+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 2+ , and Cd 2+ from water and real electroplating wastewater. Hydrophilic functional groups (i.e., -OH, -COOH, and -NH 2 ) are imperative in the smooth loading of UiO-66-(NH 2 ) 2 MOF- NPs into three-dimensional (3-D) membrane capsules (MCs). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results suggested that UiO-66-(NH 2 ) 2 MOF was effectively bonded in/on the capsule via electrostatic crosslinking between -H 3 N + and -COO - . Scanning electron microscopy results revealed a porous honeycomb configuration of the 3-D SGMMCs (S: sodium alginate, G: glutaraldehyde, M: MOF NPs, and MCs: membrane capsules). The maximum monolayer absorption capacities for Cr 6+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 2+ , and Cd 2+ were 495, 975, 1295, and 1350 mg/g, respectively. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and XPS analyses showed that electrostatic attraction and ion exchange were the main processes for PTM removal used by the as-developed 3-D SGMMCs. The as-developed 3-D SGMMCs exhibited outstanding selectivity for removing the targeted PTMs under the specified pH/conditions and maintained >80% removal efficiency for up to six consecutive treatment cycles. Notably, > 60% removal efficiencies for Cr 6+ and Cu 2+ were observed when treating real electroplating wastewater. Therefore, the as-developed 3-D SGMMCs can be used as an exceptional multifunctional sorbent to remove and recover PTMs from real electroplating wastewater., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)