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In this work, Bi 2 S 3 nanoflowers were in situ anchored on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 via a hydrothermal process to obtain MXene-supported Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 nanocomposite, then incorporated inside in sodium alginate polymer to prepared hydrogel materials (Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H) which outperforms and have an excellent capability for the removal of pollutants like disinfected byproducts. The synthesized hydrogel material Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H may be utilized for a variety of functional materials in environmental applications. Furthermore, the Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H was characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, BET, AFM, FTIR, Zeta potential, XPS, Raman and TGA. Remarkably, Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H hydrogel 0.007 cm3 g−1, 159.5 nm and 0.0017 cm3 g−1, 160.5 nm materials exhibited the highest average pore diameter. The research focused on evaluating the adsorption capability of Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H hydrogel materials for 2,6-dibromo-4-nitrophenol (DBNP), 2,4,6-triiodophenol (TIP), 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP) and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP). The findings indicated that the material exhibited the eradication efficiency of about 662, 657, 647 and 617 mg/g from DBNP, TIP, TCP and DCNP respectively. Several adsorption isotherms were extensively examined, encompassing the Temkin, Langmuir and Freundlich models, alongside pseudo-first and second-order models. The Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models showed the highest degree of consistency with the observed data. Concerning regeneration and reusability, the materials demonstrated easy regeneration and effective recyclability over the course of 10 cycles. The notable adsorption capacity, coupled with the innovative combination of Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 and polymer hydrogel, along with its recyclability, positions our material Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 @SA-H as a highly prospective competitors for wastewater treatment and other critical areas in water research. [Display omitted] • Bi 2 S 3 nanoflowers were in situ anchored on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 via a hydrothermal process. • MXene-supported Ti 3 C 2 /Bi 2 S 3 nanocomposite, incorporated inside in sodium alginate polymer to prepared hydrogel. • The prepared hydrogel materials serve as adsorbent toward DBP with promising potential applications. • The hydrogel absorbent demonstrates enhanced pollutants removal ability and significant regeneration capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Review on the synthesis and remarkable applications of biomass monomers. • Recently developed polymers and their important environmental applications. • Outline of the important properties of some selected renewable biomass-based monomers. • Highlight of new research directions based on the current trends. Polymerization of biomass-based monomers leads to a multitude of new materials that can be applied in drug delivery, biology, nano-composites, adsorption/absorption, wastewater treatment, and other applications on small length scales. Currently, polymeric materials derived from non-petrochemical feedstocks (e.g., biomass monomers) have gained increased attention from both academia and industries. Moreover, there is a significant momentum in the utilization of renewable biomass-based materials for the production of novel polymers from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this context, we herein comprehensively review the synthetic design of renewable biomass-based monomers, and their recently developed important environmental applications. We particularly focus on the synthesis and remarkable applications of biobased monomers as well as the materials based on them from the perspectives of preparation and environmental applications, because these two are closely related and have been investigated extensively. The challenges and routes of their design and fabrication are also discussed. Moreover, we also discuss the fundamental research direction in their production, modification, property enhancement, and new applications developed in the recent years. Additionally, we outline the important properties of some selected renewable biomass-based monomers according to their resources and polymerization, and highlight new research directions based on the current trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Biomass, trans -anethole-based magnetic hollow particles were prepared. • The particles serve as adsorbent for removing pollutants from wastewater. • The particles show high adsorbing capacity towards Cr3+, Pb2+ and Rhodamine B. • The particles demonstrate the desirable recycling ability. Abstract This article reports a novel type of biobased magnetic hollow particles (BMHPs) derived from a widely available biophenylpropene trans -anethole (ANE). To prepare BMHPs, ANE and maleic anhydride (MAH) underwent copolymerization in the presence of particulate templates to form core/shell particles. Sequential removing the cores and hydrolyzing processes provide biobased hydrolyzed hollow particles (BHHPs), which were then grafted with amino-modified Fe 3 O 4 NPs. The prepared BMHPs were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, VSM, EDS and FT-IR techniques and further used as bioadsorbent to remove pollutants from wastewater. The maximum adsorption capacity towards Cr3+, Pb2+ and Rhodamine B is up to 44.5, 48.8 and 50.4 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic and isothermal studies show that the adsorption is best fitted with pseudo-second order model and Langmuir isothermal adsorption. BMHPs demonstrated remarkable magneticity and can be easily separated by external magnet. Recycling use study showed that the dye-adsorbed BMHPs can be easily restored in HCl/THF mixed solution. The advantages of the new adsorbents, namely, derivative from bio-resource, high adsorption capacity, much ease in separation and regeneration recyclability, render them with promising potentials in wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MXene, a two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbide or nitride, has gained significant attention due to its exceptional properties and wide-ranging applications. MXenes exhibit distinctive physical and chemical characteristics, making them suitable for electrocatalysis, supercapacitors, semiconductors, batteries, sensors, biomedicine, water splitting, and photocatalysis. In environmental photocatalysis, efforts have been made to improve conductivity, structural stability, and morphology. This study synthesized a photocatalyst by coating or doping a conducting polymer onto a quasi-MXene (Ti 3 CN) substrate. Initially, Ti 3 AlCN was exfoliated using HF to form 2D Ti 3 CN quasi-MXene, which was then doped with GMA and PEDOT: PSS conducting polymers for photocatalytic dye degradation. The broad heterogeneous interfaces in this network significantly enhance photocatalytic performance and pollutant removal capacity. The Ti 3 CN@GMA/PEDOT: PSS photocatalyst was characterized through SEM, FTIR, XPS, XRD, BET, and EDX techniques and tested for the degradation of various pollutants in wastewater under visible light. The degradation rates achieved were 94.1 % for Rose Bengal, 91.6 % for Rhodamine B, and 90.6 % for Methylene Blue, with corresponding rate constants of 0.0366 min−1, 0.0400 min−1, and 0.0388 min−1 over 60 min. The photocatalyst demonstrated excellent performance, highlighting several advantages, including low energy consumption, cost-effectiveness, non-toxic properties, and environmental compatibility, making it a promising solution for wastewater treatment applications. [Display omitted] • Developed a photocatalyst by coating conducting polymer onto MXene (Ti 3 CN). • The MXene substrate provided a platform for anchoring the conducting polymer. • Ti 3 CN@GMA/PEDOT:PSS serves as a photocatalyst for dyes degradation under light. • The Ti 3 CN@GMA/PEDOT:PSS demonstrates excellent recyclability properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Comprehensively summarized the preparation methods and outstanding properties of COFs. • Reclassified and highlighted the COF-doped membranes preparation methods reported previously. • Innovatively analyzed the design principles and challenges of COF-doped membranes. • The specific application status and developmental potential of COF-doped membranes in the field of desalination were investigated and prospected. The increasing complexities associated with water pollution and the growing shortage of freshwater resources pose significant obstacles to the long-term sustainability of human civilization. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the development of inventive approaches to wastewater treatment and recycling in order to address these issues. Membrane separation technology, renowned for its versatility and efficiency, has found widespread application in domains like seawater desalination, food processing, energy conservation, and environmental stewardship. Recent research has focused on membranes doped with cellular materials for separating heavy metal ions and organic substances in water. One salient development in this arena is the advent of covalent organic frameworks (COF S), a novel category of crystalline cellular organic polymer materials. Characterized by an extensive specific surface area, structured channels, adjustable architecture, robust thermal and chemical resilience, COFs present a promising avenue for water treatment applications. This review undertakes a meticulous investigation of the synthesis and physicochemical attributes of COFs, accentuating the underlying design principles, associated challenges, and fabrication techniques of COF-doped membranes. Simultaneously, a comprehensive evaluation of their research trajectory and present status in the domains of seawater desalination and water treatment is presented. The article concludes by providing forward-thinking viewpoints and summarizing future efforts, emphasizing the significant significance of this innovative research in influencing the future direction of sustainable water management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A unique combination of cotton fabric (CF) with a mixture of EDTA and APTES Fe 3 O 4 magnetic particles was developed and utilized for the first time as an adsorbent for removing pollutants from wastewater. Initially, Fe 3 O 4 was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. Further, the surface of Fe 3 O 4 was modified by introducing amino functional groups through a reaction with APTES, resulting in Fe 3 O 4 -NH 2. Following this, the surface of carbon fiber (CF) was altered using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to create CF@EDTA. Through the use of EDC-HCl and NHS, Fe 3 O 4 -NH 2 was attached to the surface of CF@EDTA, resulting in the final product CF@EDTA/Fe 3 O 4. Subsequently, the prepared CF@EDTA/Fe 3 O 4 was utilized to adsorb metal pollutants from wastewater, with a thorough analysis conducted using various characterization techniques including FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, VSM, and XPS to study the materials. The study specifically aimed to assess the adsorption performance of our cotton-based material towards As(III) and Cr3+ metal ions. The pH study was also performed. Results indicated that the material exhibited an adsorption capacity of approximately 714 mg/g for As(III) ions and 708 mg/g for Cr3+ ions. The Langmuir and Freundlich models, as well as pseudo-first and second-order models were also analyzed. The Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models were found to best fit the data. In terms of regeneration and reusability, the materials showed straightforward regeneration and recyclability for up to 15 cycles. The remarkable adsorption capacity, combined with the unique blend of cotton and Fe 3 O 4 magnet, along with its recyclability, positions our material CF@EDTA/Fe 3 O 4 as a promising contender for wastewater treatment and other significant areas in water research. [Display omitted] • An efficient type of cellulose cotton materials modified with Fe 3 O 4 was synthesized. • Surface amination and grafting of Fe 3 O 4 were performed successfully. • The Fe 3 O 4 derived cellulose cotton based materials serve as adsorbent with promising new potential applications. • The modified absorbent material demonstrates enhanced adsorption ability and excellent regeneration ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of pollutants in drinking water has become a significant concern recently. Various substances, including activated carbon, membranes, biochar, etc., are used to remove these pollutants. In the present study, a new composite comprising cotton fabric and a mixture of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for eliminating pollutants from wastewater. At first, the UiO-66 MOFs were prepared by a simple method of reacting Zirconium (IV) chloride (ZrCl 4) and p-Phthalic acid (PTA) after successful preparation of UiO-66 then modified its surface with amino functional groups by reacting with APTES to obtain UiO-66-NH 2. Moreover, the cellulose cotton fabric (CF) surface was modified with Polydopamine (PDA) and obtained CF@PDA. Further, with the help of EDC-HCl and NHS, the UiO-66-NH 2 grafted on the surface of the CF@PDA and finally obtained CF@PDA/UiO-66-NH 2. In addition, the adsorption study was performed toward RhB dye and Pb(II) metal ion pollutants. The maximum adsorption toward RhB dye was 68.5 mg/g, while toward Pb(II) metal ions was 65 mg/g. In addition, the kinetic study was also conducted and the result favoured the Pseudo-second order kinetic study. The adsorption isotherm was also studied and the Langmuir model was more fitted as compared with the Freundlich model. Moreover, the material has excellent regeneration and recycling ability after ten cycles. The significant adsorption ability, the novel combination of cotton and MOFs, and the recycling feature make our material CF@PDA/UiO-66-NH 2 a promising potential absorbent material for wastewater treatment and even in other important areas of water research. [Display omitted] • A novel types of cotton material combined with UiO-66 was synthesized. • Surface amination and grafting of UiO-66 were performed successfully. • The UiO-66 derived cotton based materials serve as adsorbent with promising new potential applications. • The modified absorbent material demonstrates enhanced adsorption ability and excellent regeneration ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]