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A nutrition of sport horses is a complex science that is increasingly being developed and researched due to the growing popularity of equestrian sport. The necessary amount of substances for the proper functioning of the animal's metabolism is usually provided by the intake of hay and fresh grass. If we plan to participace in sports with the horse, it is important to formulate a proper feeding ration so that not only are the necessary nutrients not lacking, but also that they are not in excess. In this respect, we are looking at vitamins and minerals in particular. A large number of factors play a significant role in the need for these substances, including age, weight of the animal, condition, intensity of exercise and others. In the first part of the thesis there is a brief introduction to the digestive system of horses and their specific characteristics, such as the oblique angle at which the esophagus connects to the stomach, which prevents vomiting. The second part is dedicated to minerals, their requirements for the adult horse and the sources that can be used to obtain them in the horse's diet. A section related to vitamins is also devoted to this subject. In the final part, a short recommendation for practice is made with an example of a daily ration for a showjumping horse in the competition season.

Introduction: The main topic of this diploma thesis was the nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary lifestyle. Aim: The main goal of the thesis was the nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary lifestyle using analyzing dietary regimen. Material and methods: We evaluated the dietary regimen of 40 women at the age of 20- 30 years old. Women were divided into the groups of non-athletes ("sedentary people") and women who exercise fitness sports ("fitness people"). Their average age was in the range of 25,3-26 years. Respondents filled out the form with their dietary regimen for three days using a 24-hod recall. Records where evaluated with using an extensive food database which was created at the Institute of Physical Education, First of Medicine, Charles University. Student's two-tailed unpaired mean t-test was used to compare the groups. We used the F-test to analysing a equation scattering before using t-test. Results: Group of fitness athletes consumed average 335 kcal less total energy (p = 0.008), 15.17 g more plant-based proteins (p = 0.031), 15.24 g less fats (p = 0.025) and 13.23 g less animal fat (p = 0.044). The results for other nutrients weren't statistically significant, but from a nutritional point of view they provided an interesting overview of eating...

This bachelor thesis deals with the proper nutrition of hens intended for egg production. These are mainly laying hens kept in large farms. It deals with information about the best purebred breeds bred in our country in small farms and laying type hybrids used in large farms. Furthermore, the anatomy and physiology of the digestive tract of the hens, a general treatise on nutrients, minerals and vitamins. This information is then closly describe in more detail with regard to specific categories of animals and their needs.

The aim of this bachelor thesis paper was to investigate the overall awareness of pupils from the 3rd - 5th grade from a selected primary school in Milovice. The secondary objectives monitored whether fruit and vegetables are a daily part of the target group's diet, at the same time whether the pupils actually eat fruit and vegetables received during recess and lunch breaks. Another research goal was to address the benefits of Fruit and Vegetables in schools project. The theoretical part is devoted to healthy nutrition. It describes the functions of the main nutrients, there is emphasis on accessory nutrients, especially on vitamins, fibers and antioxidants, which emphasizes the necessity of eating fruit and vegetables. Part of the theoretical part is also the issue of nutrition of children and the short discussion on the project Fruit and Vegetables in Schools. At the same time, a chapter on the digestive tract has been included, as it is here that digestion and absorption of substances from food occurs. Given the target group, the paper states the nutritional recommendations for citizens of the Czech Republic with a focus on school aged children. The aim of the practical part of this thesis was to map out the consumption of fruit and vegetables in the 3rd - 5th grade in accordance with the...

The thesis aimed at finding out whether parents of toddlers with delayed psychomotor development undergoing curative spa stays administer food supplements, their reasons for administering them and what kinds and how often food supplements are administered. Eating habits of these children were looked into as well. Children with polio and central infantile hypotonic syndrome took part in the research. Quantitative research method using an anonymous questionnaire was employed for data collection. Altogether, there were 50 respondents. The results showed that 72 % (n=36) of parents already administered their children food supplements at such an early age. The most frequent motive for this was to strengthen the immune system. Vitamin supplements counted among the most frequently administered supplements in the sample. Furthermore, the research showed that not even the food composition of children in the sample was ideal. The results proved that it is highly desirable to pursue nutrition education of parents of children with neurological handicaps and chiefly also assure higher awareness of food supplements. Key words: dietary supplements, nutrition, toddler period, delayed psychomotor development, vitamins, cerebral palsy

Bachelor thesis deals with nutrition, feeding of poultry and importance of vitamins especially in laying hens, fattening broilers and ducks. Lack of vitamins leads not only to metabolic diseases that can significantly impair the productivity and efficiency of the breed. In the first part of the thesis I explain the importance of vitamins and their distribution by solubility. I deal with the digestive system in birds, the physiology of digestion. In the second part I provide information on feeding and feeding of poultry. In the final part I propose possible measures that will improve the health status, production and welfare of poultry.

This diploma thesis deals with the general knowledge of pregnant women about appropriate diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge of preconception nutrition, important nutrients during pregnancy, dangerous substances for the developing fetus, gestational diabetes mellitus and also includes general recommendations for pregnant and nursing women. The main objective of the practical part was to verify the respondents' knowledge of appropriate diet during pregnancy and lactation. Next, confirm or refute hypothesis number 1, whether multiparae are more informed about a diet more than the primiparae and hypothesis number 2, how many women were using preconceptual folic acid. An electronic questionnaire was developed to collect data and was distributed through social networks in pregnancy-oriented groups. So the questionnaire could be filled by every pregnant woman in the Czech Republic at any time according to her time. In total 491 questionnaires were processed. The results were entered into a table in Microsoft Excel and then summarized and evaluated in the form of graphs and tables. The results show that the difference in knowledge of primiparae and multiparae of appropriate diet during...

Dietary supplements are the theme of my bachelor thesis. The main purpose is to make recommendations for groups of people in different ages. Dietary supplements belongs to the food law with other regulations. My work is about legislation. It says how to define dietary supplements, how the requirements for their composition are and how to indicate them etw. Species of dietary supplements, ways of dividing, vitamins and minerals are described. General principles of healthy eating are characterized. It provides informations about the amount of macronutrients and important micronutrients for humans. Reasons and recommendations for vitamins and minerals supplementation in groups of people in different ages are described. It depens on nutrition and physical activity too. The range of dietary supplements and its importance is mentioned. This work provides the summary of informations about dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals in connection with nutrition and age.

The aim of the bachelor thesis is to determine the level of knowledge in the field of nutrition in students of physical education and sport and to determine the importance of knowledge about nutrition as part of the study of physical education and sport. The theoretical part contains information about health, healthy lifestyle, nutrition and nutrition in sport. In more detail, nutrition components such as proteins, fats, sugars, and vitamins are described. Here are also said the most common eating disorders, such as anorexia or bulimia and the most common alternative directions in the nutrition. The practical part deals detection of knowledge of students in the field of physical education and sport. The level of knowledge was detected by the research questionnaire method. Questionnaires were handed over to students during the lessons. The survey was attended by 73 students whose completed questionnaires were evaluated using graphs and tables. On the basic of detected the results, it was created an overview of the level of knowledge about good eating. From results show that a set of questions about the basic knowledge about healthy nutrition is at a very good level. It has also been shown that a group of issues relating to more advanced knowledge about healthy nutrition is at a sufficient level. The bachelor thesis could be further a contribution to creating the content of the subject of nutrition in sport.

This thesis discusses problems of pregnancy and increased nutrient requirements with a focus on vitamins and minerals. It is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The aim is to identify those vitamins and minerals that may be deficient during pregnancy and thus their intake should be increased. The theoretical part describes the importance of particular elements for the specifics of pregnancy and possible symptoms of deficiency or excess, with the pregnancy orientation. The practical part focuses on the evaluation of selected multivitamin and multi mineral supplements which are intended for pregnant women. The main criterion is to ensure sufficient amounts of vitamins and minerals during the increased demands of pregnancy. Evaluation is done by comparing two parameters - the recommended daily dose for pregnant women and the amount of micronutrients contained in the composition of given products. Content analysis was used as the data collection technique for the basic quantitative research. Finally, it discusses the usefulness of the administration of vitamin supplements during pregnancy, and whether a balanced diet is sufficient enough to meet the needs of the organism even in states where there may be some lack of vitamins and minerals. Key words: pregnancy ; nutrition ; vitamins ;...

The aim of this Bachelor's thesis titled "Nutrition in Pregnancy" was to identify how women eat during pregnancy, whether they are properly informed about nutrition, where they get information and whether they take dietary supplements. The researched women were in the second trimester of their pregnancy. The examined data were obtained through questionnaires and weekly food diaries. The questionnaire helped me to find out whether the women use dietary supplements or addictive substances. Next, it also identified what the women think they should or should not eat during pregnancy and where they acquired information regarding nutrition. I used the Nutriservis program to process the food diary of each woman to determine the average intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates per day and per week. The program also calculated the recommended calorie intake per day. I compared this recommendation with the actual nutrient intake and evaluated it individually. Most women had normal weight before pregnancy, some were overweight and there were even cases of obesity and moderate malnutrition. Next, the research showed that the majority of the pregnant women searched for information about nutrition primarily for the sake of fetal health. They mostly obtained the information from books, magazines, the internet or their gynecologist. The women from the research group do not follow any alternative diet during pregnancy, they do not use druha and drink only the recommended amount of coffee. Only one woman smokes during pregnancy; she indicated "just" 5 cigarettes a day. The women use supplements mostly for fetal health and prevention. The majority of the pregnant women have a university education and they are between 31 and 35 years old. The second biggest group consists of women between 26 and 30 years.

Turčeková, R. The efect of the vitamins in camelids diet. Bachelor thesis. Brno, 2017. The main goal of this thesis is to describe, on the basis of a literary review, the zoological classification and morfological and physiological traits of camelids with a focus on the metabolism of vitamins. Because of a number of physiological adaptations for living in their natural environment it is necessary to provide a higher dose of some vitamins (mainly vitamin D) while keeping camelids in different climate conditions. This thesis subsequently presents all basic vitamins soluble in water and in fat, describes their physiological functions and health issues related to their lack or redundance. Circumscribed specifics of the vitamin metabolism of camelids show a need of knowledge and respect of physiological traits and coherent nutrition needs of species bred out of the region of their natural presence.

This bachelor thesis provides information on composition and properties of sheep's milk and deals with impacts affecting its composition and properties. Individual components and selected properties of sheep's milk are compared with those of cow's milk. The thesis also focuses on nutritional aspects of sheep's milk and its products. In the final part of the thesis I describe the most popular products from sheep's milk, including mostly cheese, for the production of which is the sheep's milk the most suitable option, and I describe other products characterized by high nutritional value and positive effect on human organism.

Bachelor thesis deals with functional food and their role in human nutrition. The history of functional food, their characteristics, components, evaluation of individual species and the impact on the health of the consumer is described here. A lot of researches are focused on the topic of functional food, but no legally definition have been established yet. Even in the Czech Republic or the EU. Only the certain designations are used, which have a small deviations in different countries. Functional foods can be formed in different ways. It´s the elimination of certain harmful substances, a modification, but the most commonly used method is to add some substance to food. These substances may have various origins. The most commonly used are probiotics and prebiotics, antioxidants, anticarcinogens, fiber and many more. As the types of functional food there are mentioned cereals and products made from them, as well as meat and meat products, fruit and vegetables, vegetable fats, foods from stevia and very important probiotic food. Then the study focuses on the behavior of these types of food in prevention of civilization diseases, namely diabetes, obesity, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the Alzheimer´s disease. Subsequently, this section deals with the importance of functional food for particular population groups. Attention is given to children, the elderly, pregnant women and athletes.

The aim of the thesis is to characterize sources of antioxidants and inquire the depth of knowledge about antioxidants among students of secondary school. The theoretical part of the thesis describes and divides important antioxidants for human health. The main sources of antioxidants in human diet are there divided, described and compared as well. The practical part of the thesis includes the inquiry which evaluates the theoretical interest in antioxidants and dietary intake of antioxidant supplements among 17-19 years-old secondary school students. The results are analyzed and graphically displayed. Research shows that more than a half of the respondents know the term antioxidants and consume these substances in the diet. However, it is important to increase knowledge of antioxidants already among young people and ensure the intake of these essential substances from a varied diet.

Heavy athletics is a great stress for a human organism. This stress has to be compensated by proper nourishment and proper relaxation. Higher intake of all nutrients is always linked to heavy athletics. Some nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc and proteins have a unique role in strength disciplines. Especially proteins are considered by both amateur and professional athletes as the most essential for muscle building. It is questionable how much protein is needed and how does its quality (directly linked to digestibility and absorbency) differ in animal and plant proteins, or even in supplementations proteins. The types of nourishment proteins that are combined together and what type of training is preferred matter significantly. Other agents of high significance are evidently, with direct or indirect influence, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, fats, vitamins, minerals and drinking habits.

The bachelor thesis deals with the market of food supplements and their trustworthiness. The aim of this thesis is to inform about the current situation on the market of food supplements in the Czech Republic and abroad, to highlight the importance of consumption of food supplements and to present conclusions obtained during a personal survey. The work could be divided into two parts, the first part is theoretical and the second one practical. The purpose of the first part is primarily to introduce the topic of food supplements and to provide information about the market of the food supplements as well as about the food supplements themselves. The practical part provides information about shopping behavior of customer and about his general knowledge in this area.

This thesis deals with the eating habits of students in primary schools. Characterized by the older school age. It describes the basic components of food and the recommended dose in adolescence. It examines the real income of the basic components of food and energy intakes for pubescents. The results are processed and presented in the practical part of thesis.

A brief outline of youth nourishment, important nutrients, vitamins and minerale. The text is divided in a way so that the reader can get a clearly organized view on youth nourishment and its recommended amounts. The purpose of this project is to give its readers a current recommendation regarding nourishment, and also to gather all modern scientific information about food and healthy nourishment so that it can be used easily in common life. The main part of the thesis concentrates on a research of the nutrition habits of the youth including its final evaluation. In conclusion the thesis compares pieces of nutrition knowledge with the research results.

The bachelor thesis concerns with the occurrence of antioxidants in foods, the possibilities of their applications in nutrition and population awareness on the topic antioxidants. The theoretical part describes the types of antioxidants, effects on human health and occurrence in foods and their recommended daily dosage. Further characterize free radicals and their negative effects on the organism. The practical part contains the research of the knowledge about antioxidants in the population in the form of a questionnaire. The results are analyzed and charted. The antioxidants are known by 82% of respondents. For the question ?What the antioxidants are used for? answered 54% of respondents correctly. In which foods the antioxidants are is known by 58% of respondents. The greatest awareness of antioxidants is in the group of workers, as well as students and in the group of retired respondents is the awareness of antioxidants slightest. Research shows that awareness of antioxidants which play a major role today in the prevention and treatment of lifestyle diseases and shows that more than half of respondent?s answers were inadequate.

The title of this oliploma work signifies that it treats the nutrition issue of people falling unaler generation 50 plus. The topic was focused on the eating habits and drinking reginen with people at the range from 50 to 65 years of onge. The research tends to generation 50 plus acceptance and willingness to adapt to the diet arrangements. The question of health education and the attitude to the rational nutrition in this generation has also been mentioned. We should pay more attention to these points of issue because nutrition generally has a great number of impacts on the agring process of organism and therefore on the quality of people´s old age, too. This work tends to find out how generation 50 plus has faced up to taking meals according to the rules of the rational nutrition.