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The use of certain electrical equipment connected to conventional power systems has raised concerns regarding the quality of the power system. Some equipment has been perceived to be unequipped to sustain the surges, faults, and distortions in traditional distribution systems. Common voltage issues exist, such as imbalance, harmonic distortion, sag, and swell. Such issues are usually contained using a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). In this study, the determination of voltage references for DVR based on a robust and simple detection method of positive and negative sequence components is analyzed. This method detects the components in real time. With the proposed method, either the reference load voltages can be generated, or the reference DVR voltages can be generated, depending on which voltages are controlled. Moreover, contrary to other methods, the proposed technique avoids the use of phase-locked loop (PLL) and vector transformation. The voltage compensation technique controls the DVR in real time to prevent steady-state and disturbance conditions at the load side. The proposed system is evaluated by simulation and experimentation under several steady-state and transient cases. Finally, the proposed control is compared with common control methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Incorporating photovoltaic (PV) inverters in power distribution systems via static synchronous compensators (PV-STATCOM) during the nighttime has lately been described as a solution to improve network performance. Hunter prey optimization (HPO) is introduced in this study for efficient PV-STATCOM device allocation in distribution systems. HPO generates numerous scenarios for how animals could act when hunting, some of which have been expanded into stochastic optimization. The PV-STATCOM device allocation issue in distribution networks is structured to simultaneously minimize the electrical energy losses and improve the voltage profile while accounting for variable 24 h loadings. The impacts of varying the number of installed PV-STATCOM devices are investigated in distribution systems. It is tested on two IEEE 33-node and 69-node distribution networks. The effectiveness of the proposed HPO is demonstrated in comparison to the differential evolution (DE) algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial rabbits algorithm (ARA), and golden search optimizer (GSO). The simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed HPO in adequately allocating the PV-STATCOM devices in distribution systems. For the IEEE 33-node distribution network, the energy losses are considerably decreased by 57.77%, and the voltages variance sum is significantly reduced by 42.84%. The energy losses in the IEEE 69-node distribution network decreased by 57.89%, while voltage variations are reduced by 44.69%. Additionally, the suggested HPO is highly consistent than the DE, PSO, ARA, and GSO. Furthermore, throughout the day, the voltage profile at all distribution nodes surpasses the minimum requirement of 95%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]