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[1800] Vochysia densiflora Spruce ex Warm. (Fig. 60D) Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 101 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: tapilen kuwalɨ• Wp: kwalɨpilã, kwalɨ pɨtã • Wn: kanawaimë • Nt: wana kwali • Cr: kwali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier et al. 6272. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 20 trees in 7 plots; Fmax = 1.4 %; dbhinv = 112.7 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1787] Erisma nitidum DC. Prodr. [ A. P. de Candolle] 3: 30 [mid Mar. 1828] (Candolle 1828). Qualea lutea Desf. ex Link, Jahrb. Gewächsk. 1 (3): 24 (Link 1820), nom. nud. NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: makuk • Nt: manhunti kwali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 7 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J. Martin s.n. (holo-, FI[FI005833]; iso-, FI[FI005832], P[P00733810, P00733811, P00733812]; probable iso-, B[B - W 00040 -01 0]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 2 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1794] Qualea polychroma Stafleu Acta Bot. Neerl. 2 (2): 182 (Stafleu 1953). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier 1462. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 6 trees in 3 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 723, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1808] Vochysia surinamensis Stafleu Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 95: 439 (Stafleu 194 8). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: wosiwosi • Wp: malakapuli’ɨ • Nt: mutende kwali • Cr: kwali • Fr: couali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 17 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2942. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 29 trees in 14 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1799] Vochysia cayennensis Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 80 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: kwalɨsĩ, malakapuli’ɨ• Nt: wana kwali • Fr: grignon sainte marie. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 13 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J. Martin s.n. (original material B[B - W 00038 -01 0], BM[BM000566734], E[E00285635], F[V0074840F, V0074841F], K[K000566091], NY[00001041],P[P00733830,P00733831, P00733832], US [00108791]). SIZE. — Up to 80 cm dbh (Marcano-Berti 1998)., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1810] Vochysia tomentosa (G.Mey.) DC. Prodr. [ A. P. de Candolle] 3: 26 [mid Mar. 1828] (Candolle 1828). — Cucullaria tomentosa G.Mey., Prim.Fl.Esseq. 13 [Nov.1818](Meyer 1818). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwali, kwalɨ, walapa kuwalilɨ, wosiwosi tamunen • Wp: kwalɨ, kwalɨ e’e, kwalɨ pilã, kwalɨ pɨtã • Nt: wana kwali • Cr: kwali • Fr: couali • Br: quaruba. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 36 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: L.C. Richard s.n. (original material P[P00733963, P00733965]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 74 trees in 28 plots; Fmax = 2.1 %; dbhinv = 133 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["MEYER G. F. W. 1818. - Primitiae florae Essequeboensis adjectis descriptionibus centum circiter stirpium novarum, observationibusque criticis. H. Dieterich, Gottingen, 316 p."]}

[1798] Ruizterania ferruginea (Steyerm.) Marc.-Berti Pittieria 2: 11 (Marcano-Berti 1969). — Qualea ferruginea Steyerm., Fieldiana, Bot. 28 (2): 295 (Steyermark 1952). Qualea rubiginosa Stafleu, Acta Bot. Neerl. 2 (2): 154 (Stafleu 1953). — Ruizterania rubiginosa (Stafleu) Marc. -Berti, Pittieria 2: 14 (Marcano-Berti 1969). Qualea apodocarpa Steyerm., Bol. Soc.Venez. Ci. Nat. 26: 473 (Steyermark 1966). — Ruizterania apodocarpa (Steyerm.) Marc. -Berti, Pittieria 2: 10 (Marcano-Berti 1969). Qualea rubiginosa var. angustior Steyerm., Acta Bot. Venez. 2 (5-8): 239 (Steyermark 1967). — Ruizterania rubiginosa var. angustior (Steyerm.) Marc. -Berti, Pittieria 2: 15 (Marcano-Berti 1969). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, D. Sabatier 4874, dbh 90 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1788] Erisma uncinatum Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 110 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875). Erisma pulverulentum Poepp. ex Warm., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1889: 28 (Warming 1889). NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege et al. 2020). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kusili yepo, palulu ipyo, walapa kuwalilɨ • Wp: kwalɨsili • Wn: kalapi alikan • Nt: feli kwali, jaboti, manhunti kwali • Cr: grignon-fou, kwali • Fr: grignon fou • Br: jaboti-daterra-firme, quarubarana. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 39 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier 2312. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 69 trees in 30 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["TER STEEGE H., PRADO P. I., LIMA R. A. F. DE, POS E., DE SOUZA COELHO L., DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO D., SALOMAO R. P., AMARAL I. L., DE ALMEIDA MATOS F. D., CASTILHO C. V., PHILLIPS O. L., GUEVARA J. E., DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM M., CARDENAS LOPEZ D., MAGNUSSON W. E., WITTMANN F., MARTINS M. P., SABATIER D., IRUME M. V., DA SILVA GUI- MARAES J. R., MOLINO J. - F., BANKI O. S., PIEDADE M. T. F., PITMAN N. C. A., RAMOS J. F., MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA A., VENTICINQUE E. M., LUIZE B. G., NUNEZ VARGAS P., SILVA T. S. F., DE LEAO NOVO E. M. M., REIS N. F. C., TERBORGH J., MANZATTO A. G., CASULA K. R., HONORIO CORONADO E. N., MONTERO J. C., DUQUE A., COSTA F. R. C., CASTANO ARBOLEDA N., SCHONGART J., ZARTMAN C. E., KILLEEN T. J., MARIMON B. S., MARIMON- JUNIOR B. H., VASQUEZ R., MOSTACEDO B., DEMARCHI L. O., FELDPAUSCH T. R., ENGEL J., PETRONELLI P., BARALOTO C., ASSIS R. L., CASTELLANOS H., SIMON M. F., DE MEDEIROS M. B., QUARESMA A., LAUR- ANCE S. G. W., RINCON L. M., ANDRADE A., SOUSA T. R., CAMARGO J. L., SCHIETTI J., LAURANCE W. F., DE QUEIROZ H. L., NASCIMENTO H. E. M., LOPES M. A., DE SOUSA FARIAS E., MAGALHAES J. L. L., BRIENEN R., AYMARD C. G. A., RE- VILLA J. D. C., VIEIRA I. C. G., CINTRA B. B. L., STEVENSON P. R., FEITOSA Y. O., DUIVENVOORDEN J. F., MOGOLLON H. F., ARAUJO- MURAKAMI A., FERREIRA L. V., LOZADA J. R., COMISKEY J. A., DE TOLEDO J. J., DAMASCO G., DAVILA N., LOPES A., GARCIA- VILLACORTA R., DRAPER F., VICENTINI A., CORNEJO VALVERDE F., LLOYD J., GOMES V. H. F., NEILL D., ALONSO A., DALLMEIER F., DE SOUZA F. C., GRIBEL R., AR- ROYO L., CARVALHO F. A., DE AGUIAR D. P. P., DO AMARAL D. D., PANSONATO M. P., FEELEY K. J., BERENGUER E., FINE P. V. A., GUEDES M. C., BARLOW J., FERREIRA J., VILLA B., PENUELA MORA M. C., JIMENEZ E. M., LICONA J. C., CERON C., THOMAS R., MAAS P., SILVEIRA M., HENKEL T. W., STROPP J., PAREDES M. R., DEXTER K. G., DALY D., BAKER T. R., HUAMANTUPA- CHUQUIMACO I., MILLIKEN W., PENNINGTON T., TELLO J. S., PENA J. L. M., PERES C. A., KLITGAARD B., FUENTES A., SILMAN M. R., DI FIORE A., VON HILDEBRAND P., CHAVE J., VAN ANDEL T. R., HILARIO R. R., PHILLIPS J. F., RIVAS- TORRES G., NORONHA J. C., PRIETO A., GONZALES T., DE SA CARPANEDO R., GONZALES G. P. G., GOMEZ R. Z., DE JESUS RODRIGUES D., ZENT E. L., RUSCHEL A. R., VOS V. A., FONTY E., JUNQUEIRA A. B., DOZA H. P. D., HOFFMAN B., ZENT S., BARBOSA E. M., MALHI Y., DE MATOS BONATES L. C., DE ANDRADE MIRANDA I. P., SILVA N., BARBOSA F. R., VELA C. I. A., PINTO L. F. M., RUDAS A., ALBUQUERQUE B. W., UMANA M. N., CARRERO MARQUEZ Y. A., VAN DER HEI- JDEN G., YOUNG K. R., TIRADO M., CORREA D. F., SIERRA R., COSTA J. B. P., ROCHA M., VILANOVA TORRE E., WANG O., OLIVEIRA A. A., KALAMANDEEN M., VRIESENDORP C., RAMIREZ- ANGULO H., HOLMGREN M., NASCIMENTO M. T., GALBRAITH D., FLORES B. M., SCUDELLER V. V., CANO A., AHUITE REATEGUI M. A., MESONES I., BAIDER C., MENDOZA C., ZAGT R., URREGO GIRALDO L. E., FERREIRA C., VILLARROEL D., LINARES- PALOMINO R., FARFAN- RIOS W., FARFAN- RIOS W., CASAS L. F., CARDENAS S., BALSLEV H., TORRES- LEZAMA A., ALEXIADES M. N., GARCIA- CABRERA K., VALENZUELA GAMARRA L., VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL E. H., RAMIREZ AREVALO F., HER- NANDEZ L., SAMPAIO A. F., PANSINI S., PALACIOS CUENCA W., DE OLIVEIRA E. A., PAULETTO D., LEVESLEY A., MELGACO K. & PICKAVANCE G. 2020. - Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora. Scientific Reports 10 (1): 10130. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 66686 - 3"]}

[1811] Vochysia vismiifolia Spruce ex Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 99 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875), “ vismiaefolia ”. NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege et al. 2020). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Br: quaruba-vermelha. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.-J. de Granville 5550. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 10 trees in 5 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["TER STEEGE H., PRADO P. I., LIMA R. A. F. DE, POS E., DE SOUZA COELHO L., DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO D., SALOMAO R. P., AMARAL I. L., DE ALMEIDA MATOS F. D., CASTILHO C. V., PHILLIPS O. L., GUEVARA J. E., DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM M., CARDENAS LOPEZ D., MAGNUSSON W. E., WITTMANN F., MARTINS M. P., SABATIER D., IRUME M. V., DA SILVA GUI- MARAES J. R., MOLINO J. - F., BANKI O. S., PIEDADE M. T. F., PITMAN N. C. A., RAMOS J. F., MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA A., VENTICINQUE E. M., LUIZE B. G., NUNEZ VARGAS P., SILVA T. S. F., DE LEAO NOVO E. M. M., REIS N. F. C., TERBORGH J., MANZATTO A. G., CASULA K. R., HONORIO CORONADO E. N., MONTERO J. C., DUQUE A., COSTA F. R. C., CASTANO ARBOLEDA N., SCHONGART J., ZARTMAN C. E., KILLEEN T. J., MARIMON B. S., MARIMON- JUNIOR B. H., VASQUEZ R., MOSTACEDO B., DEMARCHI L. O., FELDPAUSCH T. R., ENGEL J., PETRONELLI P., BARALOTO C., ASSIS R. L., CASTELLANOS H., SIMON M. F., DE MEDEIROS M. B., QUARESMA A., LAUR- ANCE S. G. W., RINCON L. M., ANDRADE A., SOUSA T. R., CAMARGO J. L., SCHIETTI J., LAURANCE W. F., DE QUEIROZ H. L., NASCIMENTO H. E. M., LOPES M. A., DE SOUSA FARIAS E., MAGALHAES J. L. L., BRIENEN R., AYMARD C. G. A., RE- VILLA J. D. C., VIEIRA I. C. G., CINTRA B. B. L., STEVENSON P. R., FEITOSA Y. O., DUIVENVOORDEN J. F., MOGOLLON H. F., ARAUJO- MURAKAMI A., FERREIRA L. V., LOZADA J. R., COMISKEY J. A., DE TOLEDO J. J., DAMASCO G., DAVILA N., LOPES A., GARCIA- VILLACORTA R., DRAPER F., VICENTINI A., CORNEJO VALVERDE F., LLOYD J., GOMES V. H. F., NEILL D., ALONSO A., DALLMEIER F., DE SOUZA F. C., GRIBEL R., AR- ROYO L., CARVALHO F. A., DE AGUIAR D. P. P., DO AMARAL D. D., PANSONATO M. P., FEELEY K. J., BERENGUER E., FINE P. V. A., GUEDES M. C., BARLOW J., FERREIRA J., VILLA B., PENUELA MORA M. C., JIMENEZ E. M., LICONA J. C., CERON C., THOMAS R., MAAS P., SILVEIRA M., HENKEL T. W., STROPP J., PAREDES M. R., DEXTER K. G., DALY D., BAKER T. R., HUAMANTUPA- CHUQUIMACO I., MILLIKEN W., PENNINGTON T., TELLO J. S., PENA J. L. M., PERES C. A., KLITGAARD B., FUENTES A., SILMAN M. R., DI FIORE A., VON HILDEBRAND P., CHAVE J., VAN ANDEL T. R., HILARIO R. R., PHILLIPS J. F., RIVAS- TORRES G., NORONHA J. C., PRIETO A., GONZALES T., DE SA CARPANEDO R., GONZALES G. P. G., GOMEZ R. Z., DE JESUS RODRIGUES D., ZENT E. L., RUSCHEL A. R., VOS V. A., FONTY E., JUNQUEIRA A. B., DOZA H. P. D., HOFFMAN B., ZENT S., BARBOSA E. M., MALHI Y., DE MATOS BONATES L. C., DE ANDRADE MIRANDA I. P., SILVA N., BARBOSA F. R., VELA C. I. A., PINTO L. F. M., RUDAS A., ALBUQUERQUE B. W., UMANA M. N., CARRERO MARQUEZ Y. A., VAN DER HEI- JDEN G., YOUNG K. R., TIRADO M., CORREA D. F., SIERRA R., COSTA J. B. P., ROCHA M., VILANOVA TORRE E., WANG O., OLIVEIRA A. A., KALAMANDEEN M., VRIESENDORP C., RAMIREZ- ANGULO H., HOLMGREN M., NASCIMENTO M. T., GALBRAITH D., FLORES B. M., SCUDELLER V. V., CANO A., AHUITE REATEGUI M. A., MESONES I., BAIDER C., MENDOZA C., ZAGT R., URREGO GIRALDO L. E., FERREIRA C., VILLARROEL D., LINARES- PALOMINO R., FARFAN- RIOS W., FARFAN- RIOS W., CASAS L. F., CARDENAS S., BALSLEV H., TORRES- LEZAMA A., ALEXIADES M. N., GARCIA- CABRERA K., VALENZUELA GAMARRA L., VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL E. H., RAMIREZ AREVALO F., HER- NANDEZ L., SAMPAIO A. F., PANSINI S., PALACIOS CUENCA W., DE OLIVEIRA E. A., PAULETTO D., LEVESLEY A., MELGACO K. & PICKAVANCE G. 2020. - Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora. Scientific Reports 10 (1): 10130. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 66686 - 3"]}

[1806] Vochysia sofiae Marc.-Berti & Poncy Pittieria 40: 176 (Marcano-Berti & Poncy 2016 ). NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ã-seiminio-purubumna • Cr: kwali • Br: quaruba. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: O. Tostain et al. 2725 (holo-, P [P04776153]; iso-, CAY [CAY101513, CAY101514, CAY101515], P [P04776154]), 35 m., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1792] Qualea dinizii Ducke Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 49 (Ducke 1915). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: pilima’ɨpiyũ, pilima’ɨwu. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: G. Angel 29. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 3 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 723, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["DUCKE A. 1915. - Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la region amazonienne. Archivos do Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 7 - 57."]}

[1789] Qualea acuminata Spruce ex Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 40 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875). Qualea speciosa Huber, Bol. Mus. Paraense Hist. Nat. Ethnogr. 3: 425 (Huber 1902). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: F.M.R. Leprieur 284 (P[P04660120]). SIZE. — Up to 20 m tall (Marcano-Berti 1998)., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1801] Vochysia glaberrima Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 78 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). Vochysia lucida Klotzsch ex M.R.Schomb., Reis. Br. - Guiana [Ri. Schomburgk] 3: 1099 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Schomburgk 1849), nom. illeg. hom., non C.Presl (1834). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5136. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 111.4 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1797] Ruizterania albiflora (Warm.) Marc. -Berti Pittieria 2: 9 (Marcano-Berti 1969). — Qualea albiflora Warm., Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 36 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875). Qualea glaberrima Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 46 (Ducke 1915). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ã-seiminio-puvemna • Ka: tɨyapotano ilakopi • Nt: gonfolo kwali • Cr: grignon-boni, grignon-fou • Fr: gonfolo gris • Br: mandioqueira-lisa, mandioqueira-preta. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 35 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: M.-F. Prévost 3198. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 174 trees in 94 plots; Fmax = 1.5 %; dbhinv = 143.2 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["DUCKE A. 1915. - Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la region amazonienne. Archivos do Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 7 - 57."]}

[1793] Qualea moriboomiorum Marc.-Berti (Fig. 60C) Pittieria 18: 5 (Marcano-Berti 1989), “ mori-boomii ”. NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. Automatic correction of “ mori-boomii ”, according to Art. 60.8 of the ICN (Turland et al. 2018). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Fr: gonfolo bleu. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori & B.M. Boom 15225 (holo-, NY[00001003]; iso-, CAY[CAY024985], P[P00162580]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 44 trees in 18 plots; Fmax = 1.7 %; dbhinv = 86.1 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 723, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["TURLAND N. J., WIERSEMA J. H., BARRIE F. R., GREUTER W., HAWKSWORTH D. L., HERENDEEN P. S., KNAPP S., KUSBER W. - H., LI D. - Z., MARHOLD K., MAY T. W., MCNEILL J., MONRO A. M., PRADO J., PRICE M. J. & SMITH G. F. 2018. - International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten. (Regnum Vegetabile; 159). https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018"]}

[1807] Vochysia speciosa Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 79 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: P.A. Poiteau s.n. (original material G[G00343253, G00343255], K[K000565944], M[M0239555], P[P00733917, P00733918]). SIZE. — Up to 45 m tall (Marcano-Berti 1998)., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

We present a list of tree species of French Guiana, based on data collected from herbarium specimens and tree inventories, and verified against all available taxonomic literature to date. The list contains 1811 taxa representing 87 families and 421 genera, including 143 unnamed species which either may be species not previously recorded in French Guiana, or taxa new to Science. Original demographic data such as global abundance, local maximum frequency and geographic dispersion, are given for the 1293 species present in tree inventories. Our work has led to the recognition of certain taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties, including a new combination in Lecythis Loefl. (Lecythidaceae), several lectotypifications and new synonyms, as well as reinstatement of Sloanea acutiflora Uittien (Elaeocarpaceae), Eugenia sinemariensis Aubl. (Myrtaceae), and four species of Inga (Leguminosae). In addition, we provide the most comprehensive list available to date of corresponding vernacular names (4354 for 1157 species) in nine languages spoken in French Guiana: Palikur, Kali’na, Teko, Wayãpi, Wayana, Nengee tongo (Aluku/Ndjuka/Paramaka), Creole, French, and Brasilian Portuguese. The checklist is complemented by indexes of exsiccata, vernacular names and scientific names. The introductory part is available in French and English., Nous présentons une liste des espèces d’arbres de Guyane française, basée sur des données issues de spécimens d’herbiers et d’inventaires d’arbres. Les noms ont été vérifiés au regard de toute la littérature taxonomique disponible à ce jour. La liste contient 1811 taxons représentant 87 familles et 421 genres, dont 143 espèces non nommées qui peuvent être soit des espèces non répertoriées précédemment en Guyane française, soit des taxons nouveaux pour la Science. Des données démographiques originales telles que l’abondance globale, la fréquence maximale locale et la dispersion géographique, sont données pour les 1293 espèces présentes dans les inventaires d’arbres. Nos travaux ont conduit à la reconnaissance de quelques nouveautés taxonomiques et nomenclaturales, dont une nouvelle combinaison dans le genre Lecythis Loefl. (Lecythidaceae), plusieurs lectotypifications et nouveaux synonymes, ainsi que la réinstallation de Sloanea acutiflora Uittien (Elaeocarpaceae), d’Eugenia sinemariensis Aubl. (Myrtaceae), et de quatre espèces du genre Inga (Leguminosae). En outre, nous fournissons la liste la plus complète disponible à ce jour des noms vernaculaires correspondants (4354 pour 1157 espèces) dans neuf langues parlées en Guyane française : Palikur, Kali’na, Teko, Wayãpi, Wayana, Nengee tongo (Aluku/Ndjuka/Paramaka), Créole, Français, et Portugais du Brésil. Le catalogue est complété par des index des exsiccata, des noms vernaculaires et des noms scientifiques. La partie introductive est proposée en français et en anglais.

[1786] Erisma floribundum Rudge Pl. Guian. [Rudge] 1 (1): 7 [Apr. 1805] (Rudge 1805). — Debraea floribunda (Rudge) Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes] 1: 34 [Jan.-June 1817] (Roemer & Schultes 1817). — Ditmaria floribunda (Rudge) Spreng., Syst.Veg. [Sprengel] 1: 16 [“1825” publ. late 1824] (Sprengel 1824). Erisma parvifolium Gleason, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 60 (5): 362 [May 1933] (Gleason 1933). Erisma pallidiflorum Ducke, Arch. Inst. Biol.Veg. 2 (1): 54 [Sep. 1935] (Ducke 1935). — Erisma parvifolium var. pallidiflorum (Ducke) Ducke, Arch. Inst. Biol. Veg. 4 (1): 43 [June 1938] (Ducke 1938). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwalɨlan • Wp: kwalɨ sili • Nt: feli kwali, jaboti, manhunti kwali • Cr: grignon-fou • Br: jaboti-daterra-firme. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 12 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J. Martin s.n. (original material BM[BM000566722, BM000938998], BR, [BR0000005529711], LINN[LINN-HS 17.1], M[M0239626], MO[MO-251856]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 5 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["DUCKE A. 1935. - Le \" Pajura \" et le \" Parinary \" d'Amazonie. Revue de Botanique appliquee et d'Agriculture coloniale 15: 179 - 182."]}

[1805] Vochysia sabatieri Marc.-Berti (Fig. 60E) Pittieria 18: 9 (Marcano-Berti 1989 ). NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Nt: kopi kwali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 13 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier 1170 (original material CAY[CAY024988, CAY024989], NY[00927585]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 2 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

Vochysia sobralii G.H.Shimizu & D.J.P.Gonç., spec. nov. (Figures 1–3) Vochysia sobralii is characterized by presenting opposite leaves or in 3-merous whorls, petioles longer than 1 cm, leaf blades longer than 13 cm, elliptic, with cuspidate apex and cuneate base. Type: — BRAZIL. Pará: Altamira, Serra do Cachimbo, December 2005, fl., M. Sobral & A. G. Oliveira 10876 (holotype HUEFS108806! [mounted on two sheets], isotype MBM barcode 312865!). Trees, 15–20 m tall. Branchlets quadrangular or subterete, ferrugineous tomentellous, cortex not exfoliating. Leaves opposite or in 3-merous whorls; stipules ca. 0.5 cm long, deltoid, tomentellous, caducous; petiole 1.1–1.7 cm long, pilose; leaf blade 13.5–19 × 4–6.2 cm, elliptic, chartaceous; adaxial surface glabrous, shiny, midrib impressed and secondary veins prominulous; abaxial surface tomentellous, midrib and secondary veins prominent, intersecondary veins less prominent, tertiary veins reticulate, also less prominent, marginal vein about 0.5–1 mm from the leaf margin, undulate; apex cuspidate, base cuneate, margin flat to subrevolute. Inflorescence a thyrse of cincinni, terminal, 19–25 cm long, tomentellous; cincinni 1-florous, peduncle ca. 0.3 cm long and pedicel ca. 1 cm long; bracts caducous. Flower bud ca. 2 × 0.2 cm, sub-incurved, falcate, apex acute, puberulous; spur 4–8 × 1 mm, recurved, cylindrical, apex rounded; spurred sepal 24–35 mm long; remaining 4 smaller calyx lobes 1.5–2.5 × 2–3 mm, deltoid to ovate, apex obtuse. Petals absent. Stamen 1, filament 2–3 mm long, anther 16–19 mm long, densely villose on the back and between the thecae on the inner side; staminodes 2, 1– 1.5 mm long, glabrous. Ovary 2 × 1.5–2 mm, conical, tomentose; style 17–18 mm long, cylindrical but with the upper half slightly clavate, straight to incurved, glabrous except for the base; stigma capitate, terminal. Capsule and seeds unknown. Distribution and habitat: —This species was collected in a forest border, in the southern part of the municipality of Altamira, Serra do Cachimbo, Pará state, Brazil (Figure 3). This region, north of Mato Grosso state and south of Pará, is a transition area between Amazon rainforests and cerrados from Central Brazil (MMA 2009). Phenology: —The only known gathering was collected in flowers in December. Conservation status: —The lack of additional collections of Vochysia sobralii prevents the assessment of extinction risk, rendering it as data deficient (DD) for now, following IUCN Red List guidelines (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2016). The species was collected during one of the flora surveys for the creation of the “Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo” Biological Reserve, which is a conservation unit with significant environmental importance, as it protects hundreds of perennial springs, forming important rivers in the Xingu and Tapajós basins, and also because of its heterogeneity and environmental peculiarity (MMA 2009). However, despite being a conservation unit, the region endures threats such as deforestation for grazing and fires, which were intensified in 2021 (ISA 2021). Etymology: —The specific epithet honors the plant taxonomist and Myrtaceae specialist Prof. Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral, who collected the species during the floristic survey for the “Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo” Biological Reserve’s management plan (MMA 2009). Discussion: —Within Vochysia sect. Pachyantha, Vochysia sobralii is more similar to V. sofiae, due to the long petioles, large leaves, and cuspidate leaf apex. But it differs in the cuneate leaf base (vs. obtuse or rounded in V. sofiae) and acute flower bud apex (vs. obtuse). Also, V. sobralii occurs in southern Pará, Brazil, ca. 1,500 km apart from Saint-Georges-de-l’Oyapock, French Guiana, where V. sofiae was collected. A dichotomous key and a link to a multi-access interactive key for all ten species of the section Pachyantha are presented below., Published as part of Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki & Gonçalves, Deise Josely Pereira, 2022, Vochysia sobralii (Vochysiaceae), a new species from Serra do Cachimbo, Pará, Brazil, and updated keys for Vochysia sect. Pachyantha, pp. 207-213 in Phytotaxa 542 (2) on pages 208-209, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6417871, {"references":["MMA [Ministerio do Meio Ambiente] (2009) Plano de Manejo da Reserva Biologica Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo, MMA, Brasilia, pp. Available from: http: // www. gov. br / icmbio / pt-br / assuntos / biodiversidade / unidade-de-conservacao / unidades-de-biomas / amazonia / lista-de-ucs / rebio-dnascentes-da-serra-do-cachimbo / arquivos / rebio _ nascentes _ da _ serra _ do _ cachimbo. pdf (accessed 10 September 2021)","IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2016) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 12. Cambridge UK. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 10 September 2021)","ISA [Instituto Socioambiental] (2021) Instituto Socioambiental. Available from: http: // www. socioambiental. org / pt-br / noticiassocioambientais / destruicao-no-xingu-e-recorde-em-area-de-influencia-da-rodovia-da-soja (accessed 10 September 2021)"]}

Vochysia sobralii, a new species of Vochysiaceae endemic to the Serra do Cachimbo, in the state of Pará, Brazil, is described and illustrated in this study. The newly described species is included in Vochysia section Pachyantha, which comprises species with tomentose ovary and without petals. Additionally, two updated identification keys (one dichotomous and other multi-access interactive) for V. sect. Pachyantha, with all ten species, are provided.

Mahechadendron Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso, gen. nov. (Figures 1–5). Type species:— Mahechadendron puntecascarillo Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso Diagnosis:— Mahechadendron differs from other Vochysiaceae genera by the following combination of characters: axillary inflorescences in compound dichasia, compact, only developed laterally, with numerous flowers (16–30); flowers with the fourth sepal basally sacciform, villous-lanose inside, sessile, elliptic and villous petal, stamen with a villous-lanose filament, without staminodes, ovary with two ovules per locule; capsular fruit with exocarp fused to endocarp even at maturity, not brittle, with a thick and persistent central column; one seed per locule, unilaterally winged. Description:— Trees, branchlets subopposite, decussate.Axillary cataphylls at the insertion of terminal branchlets, perulate buds prominent. Stipules minute, caducous. Leaves simple, opposite, distichous, caducous; lamina pinnately veined, villous domatia at the base of basal veins in the lower surface. Inflorescences compound dichasia, axillary, congested, main axis minute, many-flowered. Flowers asymmetrical. Calyx with quincuncial prefloration (aestivation), gamosepalous, with cup-shaped base, forming an angle of 40–60 with the pedicel, five unequal sepals, sepal 4 covering the inner whorls, base saccate, revolute in anthesis, inner surface with white villous-lanose indumentum, sepals 1 and 2 slightly unequal in size, sepals 3 and 5 lightly unequal in size, ovate, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; corolla with one petal inserted between sepals 3 and 5 (or slightly offset toward sepal 5), white, margin revolute in anthesis, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; androecium and gynoecium maturing apparently at the same time; androecium of one stamen placed offset towards sepal 3 or 5, filament with villous-lanose indumentum, anther bilocular, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent; gynoecium with superior ovary, trilocular, with white villous-lanose indumentum, placentation axile, ovules 2 per locule, style cylindrical, stigma subcapitate. Fruit a capsule, trilocular, loculicidal, trivalvous, exocarp soft, slightly tuberculate, glabrous, central column thick, persistent, and shorter than valves. Seed 1 per locule, unilaterally winged, phanerocotylar. Etymology:—The first part of the name of this genus is dedicated to Gilberto Emilio Mahecha Vega (1942–2021), a notable Colombian Botanist, expert in dendrology, who founded the Herbarium UDBC. He was a professor of Botany and Dendrology at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José Caldas in Bogotá and trained generations of Forest Engineer students for more than two decades. Additionally, he is one of the most prolific collectors of Colombian trees and collected the Puntecascarillo for the first time in the ‘60s. The second part, “dendron” is the Greek word for tree and relates to the arborescent habit., Published as part of Ariza-Cortés, William, Cortés-B, Rocio & Fernández-Alonso, José Luis, 2022, Mahechadendron puntecascarillo (Vochysiaceae), a new genus and forest tree species from Colombia, pp. 89-112 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6388623

Key to the genera of Vochysiaceae 1. Trees with unilocular inferior ovary, samaroid fruits.........................................................................................................................2 - Trees, shrubs or subshrubs with trilocular superior ovary, capsular fruits (Neotropics)...................................................................4 2. Flowers with five petals, fruits with five wings (West Africa)...........................................................................................................3 - Flowers with a single petal, fruits with four wings (Neotropics)............................................................................................. Erisma 3. Calyx with three petaloid sepals and two non-petaloid.............................................................................................. Korupodendron - Calyx with five non-petaloid sepals............................................................................................................................. Erismadelphus 4. Petals 5, branches with 5–9 leaves per node......................................................................................................................... Salvertia - Petals absent, 1 or 3, branches with 2–5(8) leaves per node..............................................................................................................5 5. Petals usually 3, less often absent or 1.................................................................................................................................. Vochysia - Petals 1................................................................................................................................................................................................6 6. Stipules transformed into glands, fruit without a central column......................................................................................................7 - Stipules obsolete, not transformed into glands, fruit with a thick and persistent central column......................................................8 7. Unspurred sepal lobes appressed to the spurred sepal and much shorter than it; anther with unilaterally ciliated theca............................................................................................................................................................................................................... Ruizterania - Unspurred sepal lobes not appressed to the spurred sepal, generally of similar length; anther glabrous or hairy only on back........................................................................................................................................................................................................... Qualea 8. Inflorescences in cincinnus with 1–5 flowers, unguiculate petal, fruits with brittle exocarp that separates unevenly from the endocarp, circularly winged seeds..................................................................................................................................... Callisthene - Inflorescences in compound dichasia with more than 16 flowers, sessile petal, fruits with exocarp soft, not brittle, not separated from the endocarp, unilaterally winged seeds.......................................................................................................... Mahechadendron, Published as part of Ariza-Cortés, William, Cortés-B, Rocio & Fernández-Alonso, José Luis, 2022, Mahechadendron puntecascarillo (Vochysiaceae), a new genus and forest tree species from Colombia, pp. 89-112 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 108, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6388623

The new genus and species Mahechadendron puntecascarillo are described based on specimens first collected in the ‘60s but only recently found with flowers and fruits. It grows in the moist forests of the Middle Magdalena River in Colombia. The highly durable wood of this forest tree species is still used intensively for construction. Morphological and rbcL sequence data place this genus in the Vochysiaceae, most likely closely related to Callisthene. Mahechadendron shows inflorescences in compound dichasia, compact, only developed laterally, traits not previously recorded in this family. Mahechadendron puntecascarillo exhibits the tiniest flowers known in the Vochysiaceae, with the fourth sepal basally sacciform, and copious villous-lanose indumentum in the internal portions of the fourth sepal, petal, filament, and ovary; the flowers also have the single petal non-clawed, a feature not very common in Vochysiaceae. In addition, the capsular fruit has a thick and persistent central column, and the exocarp is fused to the endocarp even at maturity, with seeds unilaterally winged. Moreover, this species bears mirror-image flowers, indicating enantiostyly, a sexual polymorphism already known in some Vochysiaceae. The conservation status suggested for the new species is Endangered (EN). A key to the genera of Vochysiaceae is provided.

Mahechadendron puntecascarillo Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–5). Type: — COLOMBIA. Santander: Mun. Cimitarra, Vereda Bonanza, Finca El Jardín. En relictos de bosque sobre colinas disectadas, con pendientes fuertes. Altitud: 200–300 m, 25 March 2019, (fl), W. Ariza-Cortés 8450 (holotype UDBC!; isotypes COL!, CUVC!, FMB!, HUA!, JAUM!, UIS!, UDBC!, UPTC!). [Inflorescences and wood samples deposited in the UDBC complementary wet collection -Anthoteca-, and in the Xyloteca José Anatolio Lastra, respectively]. Tree, deciduous, (16)20–28(35) m tall, (40)70–120(190) cm in diameter, trunk base canaliculate or with poorly developed rounded fins; trunk reddish-brown (inside the forest) or dark gray (at full sun exposure), white-spotted, slightly canaliculate, rhytidome slightly fissured, with thin plates, living bark thin, cream. Wood dense and heavy, heartwood dark maroon, sapwood cream. Crown small, loose foliage, branchlets subopposite, decussate, exfoliating in thin flakes; terminal branchlets distichous, subopposite, shortly villous in two longitudinal rows becoming glabrescent in older branchlets, axillary cataphylls at the insertion of terminal branchlets, perulate buds prominent, glabrous. Stipules minute (Leaves simple, opposite, distichous; petiole slightly canaliculate, strigulose mainly on the upper surface, 1.5–3 mm long, 0.7–1.1 mm in diameter; lamina light green, coriaceous, shiny adaxially, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 3–11 cm long, 0.6–2.5 cm wide, base attenuate or subcordate, apex acuminate or mucronate, margin entire, slightly revolute, young leaves pubescent with ciliate margin, mature leaves glabrescent; lamina pinnately veined, main vein flat or slightly sulcate adaxially, prominent abaxially, glabrous or hairy from base to the lamina center, secondary veins brochidodromous, 11–21 vein pairs, spaced irregularly, prominulous adaxially, prominent abaxially, about straight, bending toward the margin, often with villous domatia at the base of basal veins in the lower surface, tertiary veins reticulate, quaternary veins open. Inflorescences compound dichasia, congested, axillary, often rising from buds protected by cataphylls; peduncle 1–2 mm long, 0.7–0.8 mm in diameter, secondary and tertiary rachis very short, (8)16–26(30) flowers; bracts ovate to deltoid, margin ciliate, strigose, 0.4–0.5 mm long, 0.45–0.5 mm wide, bracteoles 0–3, at pedicel base, the central larger, 0.3–0.4 mm long, 0.3–0.4 mm wide, partially covering the two smaller lateral ones, 0.2–0.3 mm long, 0.2–0.3 mm wide; pedicels slightly canaliculated, (0.3)0.8– 1.2(1.5) mm, strigose. Flower bud ovoid, base oblique, (0.9)1.4–3(3.3) mm long, (1)1.1–2(2.5) mm wide. Flowers asymmetrical, calyx with quincuncial prefloration (aestivation), gamosepalous, cup-shaped base, five unequal lobes, sepal 4 cream or yellow, covering the inner whorls, base saccate, revolute in anthesis, 2.5–3 mm long (extended), inner surface with villous-lanose indument, hairs long, sinuous, white, glabrescent toward the base, externally strigose; sepals 1 and 2 green, margin whitish, ovate to orbicular, slightly unequal in size, 0.4–0.7 mm long, 0.4–0.6 mm wide, strigose, margin ciliate; sepals 3 and 5 cream to green, margin whitish, ovate, slightly unequal in size, ovate, 0.5–1.2 mm long, 0.6–1 mm wide, externally strigose, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; corolla with one petal, white to cream, slightly fleshy, inserted between sepals 3 and 5 (or slightly offset toward sepal 5), sessile, oblongelliptic, margin revolute in anthesis, 2–2.4 mm long, 1–1.7 mm wide, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum, strigose externally; androecium of one stamen placed offset towards the sepal 3 or 5, 2– 3.2 mm long, filament flattened or elliptic, with white villous-lanose indumentum, base slightly inflated, up to 0.4 mm in diameter, 1.2–2.2 mm long, anther bilocular, oblique, reniform, 0.6–0.9 mm long, 0.7–1 mm wide, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent; gynoecium with superior ovary, ovoid, slightly flattened, 1–1.5 mm long, with white villous-lanose indumentum, trichomes 1.2–2 mm long, trilocular, ovules 2 per locule, style cylindrical, up to 1.6 mm long, stigma terminal, subcapitate. Fruit a capsule, oblong, base and apex acute to slightly round, 2–3 cm long, 0.6–0.9 cm in diameter, trivalvous, dehiscing from apex to base, exocarp soft, slightly tuberculate, glabrous, central column persistent, oblong, trigonous, with acute angles, slightly winged. Seed 1 per locule, 1–2 aborted (1–2 per fruit), linear-oblong, 1.4–2.6 cm long, 0.4–0.7 cm wide, apical wing, glabrous, seed chamber basal, phanerocotylar. Germination epigeal. Seedling, hypocotyl maroon to purple, basally terete, becoming quadrangular toward cotyledon insertion, densely pilose; cotyledons opposite, petiole reddish, flattened to slightly canaliculate adaxially, laminas isophyllous, orbicular, base cordate, margin undulate, reddish, 2–2.9 cm long, 1.2–1.6 cm wide, 3–5 basal veins, reddish, impressed adaxially, prominent abaxially, first true leaves lanceolate, densely pilose, central vein reddish. Distribution and ecology:— Mahechadendron puntecascarillo has been collected in the middle Valley of the Magdalena River, in the Departments of Santander and Norte de Santander in Colombia (Fig. 6). However, we have seen photographs of individuals in Puerto Berrío (Antioquia), and Puerto Boyacá (Boyacá). It grows on dissected steep hills slopes in tropical moist forest. Some common tree species in these forests are Brachycylix vageleri (Harms 1925: 291) Cowan (1975: 464), Virola sebifera Aublet (1775b: 904–905), Pouteria cuspidata (A. Candolle 1844: 183) Baehni (1942: 231–232), Brownea santanderensis Quiñones (1995: 19–21), Swartzia oraria Cowan (1967: 163), and several species of Eschweilera Martius ex Candolle (1828: 293). Few seedlings and young individuals were observed close to adults inside the forest but not in open areas. Phenology:—Flower specimens have been collected from February to April and fruiting collections from April to June. Suggested conservation status:—The area of occupancy of M. puntecascarillo is close to 80,000 km 2. This species grows in a region with continuous forest degradation, and its highly durable wood is still used intensively for construction (Fig. 7).We consider it meets four of the criteria for the category of Endangered (EN; criteria A2cd; B1a+2a), related to reducing population size and area of occupancy (IUCN 2012) due to forest loss and fragmentation. Etymology:—Specific epithet refers to the common name of this species. Spanish prefix “punte” is locally used to forest tree species with highly durable wood, while “cascarillo” means that the cortex fell apart in shells. Paratypes: — COLOMBIA. Norte de Santander: La Esperanza, límite entre las veredas Morrocoyes y Raiceros, 7.619811°N, 73.375466°W, 202 m, 25 May 2021, D. Sánchez 250 (HUA!). Santander: Cimitarra, vereda Oponcito, Finca La Primavera, árbol aislado en potrero, 100–200 m, 6°25´28” – 73°55´22”, 3 December 2019, L. Carvajal et al. 4086 (UDBC!); Puerto Araujo, árbol aislado en potrero, cerca a la autopista Ruta del Sol, 200 m, 6°29´N – 74°10´W, 20 June 2012 (fr.), W. Ariza-Cortés 3330 (UDBC!); Carare-Opón, June 1969 (fr.), G. Mahecha s.n. (UDBC-11876!); Carare-Opón, 1969, R. Abascal & R. Juyó s.n. (UDBC-3289!); Sabana de Torres, límite entre las veredas Cristales y Payoa Cinco, 7.282009°N, 73.490404°W, 186 m, 11 May 2021 (fr.), J. M. Cárdenas 2206 (HUA!); Vereda San Rafael de Payoa, 7.188020°N, 73.507801°W, 169 m, 5 April 2021, J.F. Hernández 489 (HUA!)., Published as part of Ariza-Cortés, William, Cortés-B, Rocio & Fernández-Alonso, José Luis, 2022, Mahechadendron puntecascarillo (Vochysiaceae), a new genus and forest tree species from Colombia, pp. 89-112 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on pages 93-100, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6388623, {"references":["Harms, H. A. T. (1925) Vermischte Diagnosen II. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 9 (84): 291 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3994413","Cowan, R. S. (1975) Brachycylix, a new genus of tropical Leguminosae (Caesalpinioideae). Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 78 (5): 464 - 467.","Aublet, J. B. C. F. (1775 b) Histoire des plantes de la Guiane Francoise 2. Pierre-Francoise Didot jeune, London & Paris, 160 pp.","Candolle, A. L .. de (1844) Sideroxylon. In: Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis Vol. 8. Fortin & Masson, Paris. pp. 177 - 186.","Baehni, C. (1942) Memoires sur les Sapotacees 2: Le genre Pouteria. Candollea 9: 147 - 476.","Quinones, L. M. (1995) Dos especies nuevas del genero Brownea (Leguminosae- Caesalpinioideae). Caldasia 18 (86): 17 - 22.","Cowan, R. S. (1967) Swartzia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae Swartzieae). Flora Neotropica 1: 1 - 228. [New York Botanical Garden Press]","Candolle, A. P. de (1828) Eschweilera. In: Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis Vol. 3. Treuttel & Wurtz, Paris. pp. 293.","IUCN (2012) The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3. 1. 2 nd Ed. Gland & Cambridge, U. K. IUCN Species Survival Commission."]}

Vochysia divergens Pohl. is a tree species used in folk medicine, landscaping and reforestation. Its occurrence is recorded in the Amazon, Pantanal and Cerrado biomes and, despite these uses and its wide distribution, studies regarding its reproductive aspects are nonexistent. Thus, this research aimed to study the morphology of the pollen of V. divergens and evaluate the pollen viability and its meiotic index, as well as compare these descriptors in two natural populations, those of the Amazon and the Pantanal. To characterize the morphology, pollen grains were subjected to acetolysis and subsequently photographed, measured and classified. The meiotic index (MI) was estimated by counting post-meiotic products. Pollen viability was evaluated via colorimetric testing and in vitro germination. Pollen grains do not differ in morphology between populations and are classified as: large, 3-colporate, isopolar, subprolate, with a small and exine polar area that has a pattern of ornamentation that is perforated in the polar region. Via the colorimetric testing, the MI and the pollen viability were greater than 95% and only the MI differed between populations. Pollen germination was low and it was found that the presence of boric acid and absence of agar positively influence germination. The pollens of V. divergens have starch and lipids as a reserve substance. It can therefore be concluded that the species has reproductive stability, which is important in the effectiveness of fertilization and generation of new individuals for the formation of new generations, thus continuing the processes of forest restoration and maintenance of genetic variability. The information obtained regarding the pollen morphology can be used to support taxonomic, paleoclimatic and paleovegetational studies. Vochysia divergens Pohl. es una especie de árbol utilizada en medicina popular, paisajismo y reforestación. Su ocurrencia está registrada en los biomas Amazonía, Pantanal y Cerrado y, a pesar de estos usos y su amplia distribución, los estudios sobre sus aspectos reproductivos son inexistentes. Por lo tanto, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar la morfología del polen y evaluar la viabilidad del polen y el índice meiótico de V. divergens, así como comparar estos descriptores en dos poblaciones naturales, de la Amazonía y el Pantanal. Para caracterizar la morfología, los granos de polen fueron sometidos a acetólisis y posteriormente fotografiados, medidos y clasificados. El índice meiótico (IM) se estimó contando los productos posmeióticos. La viabilidad del polen se evaluó mediante prueba colorimétrica y germinación in vitro. Los granos de polen no difieren en morfología entre poblaciones y se clasifican en: grandes, 3-colporados, isopolares, subprolatos, con área polar pequeña y exina con un patrón de ornamentación perforada en la región polar. IM y la viabilidad del polen mediante prueba colorimétrica fueron superiores al 95% y solo IM difirió entre poblaciones. La germinación del polen fue baja y se encontró que la presencia de ácido bórico y la ausencia de agar influyen positivamente en la germinación. Los pólenes de V. divergens tienen almidón y lípidos como sustancias de reserva. Se concluye que la especie presenta estabilidad reproductiva, lo cual es importante en la efectividad de la fecundación y generación de nuevos individuos para la formación de nuevas generaciones, continuando así los procesos de restauración forestal y mantenimiento de la variabilidad genética. La información obtenida sobre la morfología del polen se puede utilizar para apoyar estudios taxonómicos, paleoclimáticos y paleovegetacionales. Vochysia divergens Pohl. é uma espécie arbórea utilizada na medicina popular, paisagismo e reflorestamento. Sua ocorrência é registrada nos biomas Amazônia, Pantanal e Cerrado e, apesar destes usos e sua ampla distribuição, estudos sobre seus aspectos reprodutivos são inexistentes. Assim, esta pesquisa objetivou estudar a morfologia do pólen e avaliar a viabilidade polínica e índice meiótico de V. divergens, assim como, comparar esses descritores em duas populações naturais, da Amazônia e Pantanal. Para caracterizar a morfologia, os grãos de pólen foram submetidos a acetólise e posteriormente, fotografados, medidos e classificados. O índice meiótico (IM) foi estimado pela contagem de produtos pós-meióticos. A viabilidade polínica foi avaliada via teste colorimétrico e germinação in vitro. Os grãos de pólen não diferem quanto a morfologia entre as populações e são classificados como: grandes, 3-colporados, isopolares, subprolatos, de área polar pequena e exina com padrão de ornamentação perfurada na região polar. O IM e a viabilidade polínica via teste colorimétrico foram superiores a 95% e apenas o IM diferiu entre as populações. A germinação do pólen foi baixa e verificou-se que a presença do ácido bórico e ausência de ágar influenciam positivamente a germinação. Os polens de V. divergens possuem amido e lipídeos como substância de reserva. Conclui-se que a espécie possui estabilidade reprodutiva, a qual é importante na efetivação da fertilização e geração de novos indivíduos para formação de novas gerações, assim dando continuidade aos processos de restauração florestal e manutencão da variabilidade genética. As informações obtidas a respeito da morfologia polínica poderão ser utilizadas para subsidiar estudos taxonômicos, paleoclimáticos e paleovegetacionais.

Vochysia tepuiandina is here described and illustrated. It occurs in southern Ecuador and northern Peru, and is associated with the disjunct “Andean Tepuis” forests found within the Andean piedmont and of the Amazonian forests. This species is placed in the Vochysia section Ciliantha subsection Ferrugineae. It is compared with the similar species V. angustifolia and V. sprucei.

Embryological data provides insights into the taxonomy and evolution of angiosperms. Vochysiaceae is a mostly Neotropical family whose phylogenetic position was greatly influenced by reconstructions based on molecular data, and despite its monosymmetric and oligostemonous flowers, was included as a sister group of polysymmetric and polystemonous Myrtaceae. However, molecular data has yet to resolve the relationships between the genera inside the family. We analysed the early embryology of some species of five out of the six generally accepted Neotropical genera using sequential histological analyses to compare the microsporogenesis and gametogenesis and megasporogenesis and gametogenesis between clades and with the embryology of the well-studied Myrtales. We observed some marked differences in timing and developmental stages, which somewhat corroborate the clades defined from molecular data. Multiple archesporium and embryo sacs, as well as megagametophyte maturation and fertilization long after anthesis, characterized the Qualea-Ruizteranea-Callisthene (QRC) clade, while single embryo sac mature at anthesis characterized the Vochysia-Salvertia (VS) clade. Tri-cellular pollen only occurred in Salvertia convallariodora. Seven of the eight main embryological features supported the Myrtales as present in Vochysiaceae and the remaining one, inner integument with two layers of cells, was observed in some Qualea. Thus, the studied Vochysiaceae embryology conforms very well within the order and only their strongly monosymmetric and oligostemonous flowers are less common among Myrtales.