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This study presents a novel method for the photocatalytic synthesis of 4-aryl-6-(3-coumarinyl) pyrimidin-2 (1H)-ones (a coumarin derivative) using strawberry dye-sensitized TiO2 (SD-TiO2) under visible light. The synthesis of 4-aryl-6-(3-coumarinyl) pyrimidin-2 (1H)-ones was achieved through a three-component, one-pot condensation reaction involving 3-acetyl coumarin, aldehydes, and urea, utilizing SD-TiO2 as a reusable and innovative photocatalyst at room temperature. The resulting SD-TiO2 photocatalyst was thoroughly characterized using FT-IR, XPS, XRD, SEM, and BET. The efficacy of SD-TiO2 was evaluated by comparing it to pristine TiO2 in terms of photocatalytic activity, and the optimal conditions for the synthesis process were determined. Notably, the SD-TiO2 photocatalyst exhibited a maximum yield of the compound, reaching up to 96% in just 30 min with a catalyst concentration of 1 mg/mL. This yield surpasses traditional thermal procedures employing reflux conditions, where 1 mg/mL of SD-TiO2 is sufficient to complete the reaction. The resulting 4-aryl-6-(3-coumarinyl) pyrimidin-2 (1H)-ones were further characterized using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Moreover, the stability of the SD-TiO2 photocatalyst was confirmed through recyclability experiments and spectroscopic characterization, demonstrating its practicality for up to three consecutive reaction cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers are actively exploring novel approaches to sustainable chemistry, aiming to reduce environmental harm while optimizing efficiency. One promising approach is visible light photocatalysis, which enables organic transformations under mild conditions. This research investigation focuses on the synthesis of xanthene derivatives (12-Aryl/hetroaryl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo [a] xanthen-11-oness) via a three-component, one-pot condensation reaction of 2-naphthol, dimedone, and aldehydes using visible light-responsive TiO 2 nanoparticles sensitized with blackberry dye. A comparative analysis was conducted between pristine TiO 2 nanoparticles and blackberry dye-sensitized TiO 2 (BB dye-TiO 2) to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The results unequivocally demonstrated the superior photocatalytic activity of BB dye-TiO 2 compared to pristine TiO 2 nanoparticles. The study determined the optimal operating conditions for achieving an efficient photocatalytic synthesis of xanthene derivatives and proposed a mechanism for the photocatalytic process. The optimized conditions for photocatalytic synthesis with a yield of 98% included a reaction time of 30 min, a light intensity of 100 mW/cm2, and a photocatalyst concentration of 1 g/L. Moreover, the reusability test revealed that the BB dye-TiO 2 maintained its photocatalytic activity for up to four runs, with only a slight decrease observed. This study highlights the immense potential of natural dye sensitization and visible light photocatalysis for sustainable chemical synthesis, effectively bridging the realms of green chemistry and synthetic organic chemistry. • Spearheading sustainable chemistry with eco-friendly methodologies, minimizing environmental impact. • Revealing eco-friendly synthesis possibilities via visible light photocatalysis in green organic transformations. • Streamlining xanthene derivatives synthesis via one-pot condensation strategies, ensuring remarkable efficiency. • Enhancing photocatalytic activity through blackberry dye-sensitized TiO2, showcasing superior performance. • Attaining innovative synthesis with a 98% yield, achieved through optimized operating conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]