1. Heterologous prime-boost vaccination with adenoviral vector and protein nanoparticles induces both Th1 and Th2 responses against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- Author
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Kyung Won Kang, Taewoo Kwon, Dong-Won Seo, Eun Young Lee, Jae-Hwan Nam, Seo-Yeon Jung, Hong-Lim Kim, Hye-Lim Park, Hun Kim, Sang-Myeong Lee, and Hak Jae Kim
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,DPP4, Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 ,viruses ,medicine.medical_treatment ,animal diseases ,02 engineering and technology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,Lymphocyte Activation ,Immunoglobulin G ,Th1 ,Mice ,MERS-CoV ,Th2 ,Immunogenicity, Vaccine ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,biology ,Adenovirus 5 ,MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Vaccination ,Infectious Diseases ,Ad5/MERS, Adenovirus 5 expressing MERS-CoV spike protein ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ,Molecular Medicine ,Alum Compounds ,Female ,Antibody ,0210 nano-technology ,Cell activation ,Coronavirus Infections ,Adjuvant ,Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ,RBD, Receptor binding domain ,Immunization, Secondary ,Heterologous ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,Article ,Viral vector ,03 medical and health sciences ,Th2 Cells ,Adjuvants, Immunologic ,Heterologous prime–boost ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunization Schedule ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Adenoviruses, Human ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Viral Vaccines ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Th1 Cells ,Virology ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,030104 developmental biology ,biology.protein ,ORF, Open reading frame ,bacteria ,Nanoparticles ,Vaccine - Abstract
Highlights • Immunization with MERS spike protein nanoparticles induced only Th2-biased response. • Heterologous prime-boost immunization induced both Th1 and Th2-biased responses. • Our vaccination strategy showed the protective effect against MERS-CoV., The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a highly pathogenic and zoonotic virus with a fatality rate in humans of over 35%. Although several vaccine candidates have been developed, there is still no clinically available vaccine for MERS-CoV. In this study, we developed two types of MERS-CoV vaccines: a recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 encoding the MERS-CoV spike gene (Ad5/MERS) and spike protein nanoparticles formulated with aluminum (alum) adjuvant. Next, we tested a heterologous prime–boost vaccine strategy, which compared priming with Ad5/MERS and boosting with spike protein nanoparticles and vice versa, with homologous prime–boost vaccination comprising priming and boosting with either spike protein nanoparticles or Ad5/MERS. Although both types of vaccine could induce specific immunoglobulin G against MERS-CoV, neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV were induced only by heterologous prime–boost immunization and homologous immunization with spike protein nanoparticles. Interestingly, Th1 cell activation was induced by immunization schedules including Ad5/MERS, but not by those including only spike protein nanoparticles. Heterologous prime–boost vaccination regimens including Ad5/MERS elicited simultaneous Th1 and Th2 responses, but homologous prime–boost regimens did not. Thus, heterologous prime–boost may induce longer-lasting immune responses against MERS-CoV because of an appropriate balance of Th1/Th2 responses. However, both heterologous prime–boost and homologous spike protein nanoparticles vaccinations could provide protection from MERS-CoV challenge in mice. Our results demonstrate that heterologous immunization by priming with Ad5/MERS and boosting with spike protein nanoparticles could be an efficient prophylactic strategy against MERS-CoV infection.
- Published
- 2017