1. Specificity, Safety, Efficacy of EGFRvIII-Retargeted Oncolytic HSV for Xenotransplanted Human Glioblastoma
- Author
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Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume, Noemi Piga, Irene Appolloni, Francesca Piaggio, Elisa Avitabile, Paolo Malatesta, Francesco Alessandrini, Davide Ceresa, Daniela Marubbi, Laura Menotti, Appolloni I., Alessandrini F., Menotti L., Avitabile E., Marubbi D., Piga N., Ceresa D., Piaggio F., Campadelli-Fiume G., and Malatesta P.
- Subjects
HSL and HSV ,Herpesvirus 1, Human ,Mice, SCID ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus Replication ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,Medicine ,Epidermal growth factor receptor ,Oncolytic Virotherapy ,0303 health sciences ,Mutation ,biology ,glioblastoma stem cells ,EGFRvIII ,Glioblastoma initiating cells ,Glioblastoma stem cells ,Oncolytic HSV ,Oncolytic virotherapy ,QR1-502 ,3. Good health ,ErbB Receptors ,Oncolytic Viruses ,Infectious Diseases ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Median survival ,Genetic Vectors ,Transplantation, Heterologous ,Brain tumor ,Microbiology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,Cell Line, Tumor ,glioblastoma initiating cells ,Animals ,Humans ,Glioblastoma stem cell ,Vero Cells ,030304 developmental biology ,Glioblastoma initiating cell ,business.industry ,oncolytic HSV ,medicine.disease ,Oncolytic virus ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,business ,Glioblastoma ,Ex vivo - Abstract
Glioblastoma is a lethal primary brain tumor lacking effective therapy. The secluded onset site, combined with the infiltrative properties of this tumor, require novel targeted therapies. In this scenario, the use of oncolytic viruses retargeted to glioblastoma cells and able to spread across the tumor cells represent an intriguing treatment strategy. Here, we tested the specificity, safety and efficacy of R-613, the first oncolytic HSV fully retargeted to EGFRvIII, a variant of the epidermal growth factor receptor carrying a mutation typically found in glioblastoma. An early treatment with R-613 on orthotopically transplanted EGFRvIII-expressing human glioblastoma significantly increased the median survival time of mice. In this setting, the growth of human glioblastoma xenotransplants was monitored by a secreted luciferase reporter and showed that R-613 is able to substantially delay the development of the tumor masses. When administered as late treatment to a well-established glioblastomas, R-613 appeared to be less effective. Notably the uninfected tumor cells derived from the explanted tumor masses were still susceptible to R-613 infection ex vivo, thus suggesting that multiple treatments could enhance R-613 therapeutic efficacy, making R-613 a promising oncolytic HSV candidate for glioblastoma treatment.
- Published
- 2021