9 results on '"Ngo, Anh D."'
Search Results
2. Road traffic related mortality in Vietnam: Evidence for policy from a national sample mortality surveillance system
- Author
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Ngo Anh D, Rao Chalapati, Phuong Hoa Nguyen, Hoy Damian G, Thi Quynh Trang Khieu, and Hill Peter S
- Subjects
Road traffic injuries ,Mortality ,Helmet law ,Verbal autopsy ,Vietnam ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are among the leading causes of mortality in Vietnam. However, mortality data collection systems in Vietnam in general and for RTIs in particular, remain inconsistent and incomplete. Underlying distributions of external causes and body injuries are not available from routine data collection systems or from studies till date. This paper presents characteristics, user type pattern, seasonal distribution, and causes of 1,061 deaths attributable to road crashes ascertained from a national sample mortality surveillance system in Vietnam over a two-year period (2008 and 2009). Methods A sample mortality surveillance system was designed for Vietnam, comprising 192 communes in 16 provinces, accounting for approximately 3% of the Vietnamese population. Deaths were identified from commune level data sources, and followed up by verbal autopsy (VA) based ascertainment of cause of death. Age-standardised mortality rates from RTIs were computed. VA questionnaires were analysed in depth to derive descriptive characteristics of RTI deaths in the sample. Results The age-standardized mortality rates from RTIs were 33.5 and 8.5 per 100,000 for males and females respectively. Majority of deaths were males (79%). Seventy three percent of all deaths were aged from 15 to 49 years and 58% were motorcycle users. As high as 80% of deaths occurred on the day of injury, 42% occurred prior to arrival at hospital, and a further 29% occurred on-site. Direct causes of death were identified for 446 deaths (42%) with head injuries being the most common cause attributable to road traffic injuries overall (79%) and to motorcycle crashes in particular (78%). Conclusion The VA method can provide a useful data source to analyse RTI mortality. The observed considerable mortality from head injuries among motorcycle users highlights the need to evaluate current practice and effectiveness of motorcycle helmet use in Vietnam. The high number of deaths occurring on-site or prior to hospital admission indicates a need for effective pre-hospital first aid services and timely access to emergency facilities. In the absence of standardised death certification, sustained efforts are needed to strengthen mortality surveillance sites supplemented by VA to support evidence based monitoring and control of RTI mortality.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Qualitative evaluation of a peer-based needle syringe programme in Vietnam
- Author
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Ngo, Anh D., Schmich, Lucina, Higgs, Peter, and Fischer, Andrea
- Subjects
- *
HARM reduction , *HIV , *PROFESSIONAL peer review - Abstract
Abstract: Background: Harm reduction has been identified as an important HIV prevention strategy for injecting drug users (IDUs) in Vietnam. However, to date only small geographically limited formal needle syringe programmes (NSPs) have been implemented; and little attention has been given to assessing the effectiveness of the piloted models. Using data from a qualitative evaluation of an NSP in northern Vietnam, this paper assesses the effectiveness of the intervention, examines barriers to the NSP, and documents lessons which can be applied to replicate and scale up interventions across Vietnam. Methods: Data were gathered using key informant interviews, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, observation and intercept interviews with IDUs and other project stakeholders. IDUs were introduced to the evaluation by peer educators (PEs). Results: The project contributed to a shift toward safe injecting practices and safe disposal of used needles and syringes (N&S) among IDUs. Collection of used N&S positively influenced community attitudes toward PEs and IDUs. Reduced community discrimination, achieved as a result of project advocacy activities, encouraged IDU to access free needle syringes and other project services provided by PEs. Resistance from the local government officials and community members was turned into support for the programme through intensive advocacy activities. The project highlighted the importance of involving law enforcement in the programme and promoted a public health approach toward working with IDU. However, periodic police campaigns against drug use continued to be an obstacle to successful programme implementation and demonstrated the need for continued efforts to address the issue. Conclusion: Programme success is dependent upon community support. Resistance to NSPs can be overcome through a programme of intensive advocacy with community stakeholders including; local government, mass organizations, local residents, IDUs and their families. Garnering the support of law enforcement officials requires a sustained effort. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Association between Agent Orange and birth defects: systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
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Ngo, Anh D, Taylor, Richard, Roberts, Christine L, and Nguyen, Tuan V
- Abstract
Background The association between parental exposure to Agent Orange or dioxin and birth defects is controversial, due to inconsistent findings in the literature. The principal aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of relevant epidemiological studies that examined this association and to assess the heterogeneity among studies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Voices from Vietnam: experiences of children and youth with disabilities, and their families, from an Agent Orange affected rural region
- Author
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Claire E. Brolan, Lisa Fitzgerald, Van Pham, Anh D. Ngo, Ha Phan, Ngo, Anh D, Brolan, Claire, Fitzgerald, Lisa, Pham, Van, and Phan, Ha
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Gerontology ,youth ,Government ,Health (social science) ,Human rights ,Agent Orange ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ethnic minority ,Ethnic group ,General Social Sciences ,Legislation ,Gender studies ,Focus group ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,disability ,Vietnam ,Vietnam War ,chemistry ,General Health Professions ,Sociology ,Inclusion (education) ,media_common - Abstract
This study examines the experiences of young people with disabilities from ethnic minorities, and their families, in central Vietnam. The study is set in an area contaminated by Agent Orange during the Vietnam War. Data were gathered from interviews with youth with disabilities and interviews and focus groups with mothers who had children with disabilities. Respondents expressed confronting multiple barriers to inclusion, education, health and well-being similar to other persons with disabilities and their families from around the world. Participants sought broad-ranging human rights as they described experiencing stigmatization and marginalization from negative social reaction toward disabilities and by residing in a location known for dioxin contamination. The participants’ voices are not only important in informing program responses to support implementation of Vietnam’s new National Law on Persons with Disabilities, but also timely as the US government considers proposed legislation providing material support for Vietnamese nationals affected by Agent Orange. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2013
6. Road traffic related mortality in Vietnam: Evidence for policy from a national sample mortality surveillance system
- Author
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Nguyen Phuong Hoa, Chalapati Rao, Damian G Hoy, Khieu Thi Quynh Trang, Anh D. Ngo, Peter S. Hill, Ngo, Anh D, Rao, Chalapati, Hoa, Nguyen Phuong, Hoy, Damian G, Trang, Khieu Thi Quynh, and Hill, Peter S
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,verbal autopsy ,Population ,Poison control ,Public Policy ,Occupational safety and health ,Young Adult ,Age Distribution ,Environmental health ,Cause of Death ,Injury prevention ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Verbal autopsy ,Sex Distribution ,helmet law ,Mortality ,education ,Cause of death ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Accidents, Traffic ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,mortality ,Helmet law ,Road traffic injuries ,Motorcycles ,road traffic injuries ,Vietnam ,Population Surveillance ,Wounds and Injuries ,Female ,Medical emergency ,Seasons ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are among the leading causes of mortality in Vietnam. However, mortality data collection systems in Vietnam in general and for RTIs in particular, remain inconsistent and incomplete. Underlying distributions of external causes and body injuries are not available from routine data collection systems or from studies till date. This paper presents characteristics, user type pattern, seasonal distribution, and causes of 1,061 deaths attributable to road crashes ascertained from a national sample mortality surveillance system in Vietnam over a two-year period (2008 and 2009). Methods A sample mortality surveillance system was designed for Vietnam, comprising 192 communes in 16 provinces, accounting for approximately 3% of the Vietnamese population. Deaths were identified from commune level data sources, and followed up by verbal autopsy (VA) based ascertainment of cause of death. Age-standardised mortality rates from RTIs were computed. VA questionnaires were analysed in depth to derive descriptive characteristics of RTI deaths in the sample. Results The age-standardized mortality rates from RTIs were 33.5 and 8.5 per 100,000 for males and females respectively. Majority of deaths were males (79%). Seventy three percent of all deaths were aged from 15 to 49 years and 58% were motorcycle users. As high as 80% of deaths occurred on the day of injury, 42% occurred prior to arrival at hospital, and a further 29% occurred on-site. Direct causes of death were identified for 446 deaths (42%) with head injuries being the most common cause attributable to road traffic injuries overall (79%) and to motorcycle crashes in particular (78%). Conclusion The VA method can provide a useful data source to analyse RTI mortality. The observed considerable mortality from head injuries among motorcycle users highlights the need to evaluate current practice and effectiveness of motorcycle helmet use in Vietnam. The high number of deaths occurring on-site or prior to hospital admission indicates a need for effective pre-hospital first aid services and timely access to emergency facilities. In the absence of standardised death certification, sustained efforts are needed to strengthen mortality surveillance sites supplemented by VA to support evidence based monitoring and control of RTI mortality.
- Published
- 2012
7. Translating knowledge into policy: provision and use of evidence in the Tobacco Harm Prevention Law in Vietnam
- Author
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Anh D. Ngo, Hideki Higashi, Peter S. Hill, Higashi, Hideki, Ngo, Anh D, and Hill, Peter S
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Public health law ,Smoking Prevention ,Tobacco Industry ,Tobacco industry ,decision making ,Government Agencies ,Environmental health ,Political science ,Humans ,tobacco policy ,Policy Making ,Health policy ,Government ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,business.industry ,evidence ,Health Policy ,Tobacco control ,Politics ,Smoking ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,International health ,Harm ,Vietnam ,Law ,Smoking Cessation ,Health care reform ,business - Abstract
Vietnam is currently considering a Tobacco Harm Prevention Law and the Ministry of Health has been asked to provide supporting evidence. This analysis explores factors influencing uptake of evidence in that legislation process. The political environment reflects the government's ambivalence over how to balance health and socioeconomic issues of tobacco control in a state-owned industry. Although the growing presence of transnational tobacco companies is alarming, the role of Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in prompting government compliance with set milestones is encouraging. Evidence of effectiveness of interventions for health needs now to be complemented with socioeconomic evaluation, and strengthening of the ties between advocates and decision makers. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
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- 2012
8. The use of reproductive healthcare at commune health stations in a changing health system in Vietnam
- Author
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Anh D. Ngo, Peter S. Hill, Ngo, Anh D, and Hill, Peter S
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,private health services ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Population ,family planning ,Risk Assessment ,Health administration ,Young Adult ,Health facility ,Pregnancy ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Environmental health ,Health care ,medicine ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Maternal Health Services ,Community Health Services ,education ,Developing Countries ,Quality Indicators, Health Care ,Reproductive health ,commune health stations ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Public health ,Health Policy ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Prenatal Care ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,multi-stage cluster sampling ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Reproductive Health ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Vietnam ,Family Planning Services ,Health Care Reform ,Family medicine ,Female ,Reproductive Health Services ,Health care reform ,business ,Research Article ,Health care quality - Abstract
Background With health sector reform in Vietnam moving towards greater pluralism, commune health stations (CHSs) have been subject to growing competition from private health services and increasing numbers of patients bypassing CHSs for higher-level health facilities. This study describes the pattern of reproductive health (RH) and family planning (FP) service utilization among women at CHSs and other health facilities, and explores socio-demographic determinants of RH service utilization at the CHS level. Methods This study was based on a cross-sectional survey conducted in Thua Thien Hue and Vinh Long provinces, using a multi-stage cluster sampling technique. Questionnaire-based interviews with 978 ever-married women at reproductive age provided data on socio-demographic characteristics, current use of FP methods, history of RH service use, and the health facility attended for their most recent services. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify socio-demographic determinants of their use of CHS RH services. Results Eighty nine percent of ever-married women reported current use of birth control with 49% choosing intra-uterine device (IUD). Eighty nine percent of pregnant women attended facility-based antenatal care (ANC) with 62% having at least 3 check-ups during their latest pregnancy. Ninety one percent of mothers had their last delivery in a health facility. Seventy-one percent of respondents used CHS for IUD insertion, 55% for antenatal check-ups, and 77% gynecological examination. District and provincial/central hospitals dominated the provision of delivery service, used by 57% of mothers for their latest delivery. The percentage of women opting for private ANC services was reported at 35%, though the use of private delivery services was low (11%). Women who were farmers, earning a lower income, having more than 2 children, and living in a rural area were more likely than others to use ANC, delivery, and/or gynecological check-up services at the CHS. Conclusions Women choice of providers for FP and RH services that help them plan and protect their pregnancies is driven by socio-economic factors. While the CHS retains significant utilization rates, it is under challenge by preferences for hospital-based delivery and the growing use of private ANC services.
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- 2011
9. The development of Tobacco Harm Prevention Law in Vietnam : stakeholder tensions over tobacco control legislation in a state owned industry
- Author
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Tuan A. Khuong, Anh D. Ngo, Hideki Higashi, Peter S. Hill, Higashi, Hideski, Khuong, Tuan A, Ngo, Anh D, and Hill, Peter S
- Subjects
lcsh:Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,macro-economy ,Tobacco Industry ,Legislation ,Tobacco industry ,Tobacco Harm Prevention Law ,lcsh:HV1-9960 ,Humans ,Revenue ,tobacco control legislation ,Health policy ,Social policy ,stakeholder analysis ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Research ,Health Policy ,Politics ,Smoking ,Tobacco control ,Stakeholder ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,health ,health policy ,Tobacco Use Disorder ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Vietnam ,Law ,Government revenue ,Business - Abstract
Background Building on its National Tobacco Control Policy initiated in 2000, Vietnam is currently considering introducing a comprehensive law to strengthen the implementation of tobacco control policy. This study analyses the positions of key stakeholders in the development of tobacco control legislation in the context of a largely state-owned industry, and discusses their implications for the policy process. Methods Several qualitative methods were employed for the study including: literature review and documentary analysis; key informant interview; focus groups discussion; and key stakeholders survey. Findings The Ministry of Health, Ministry of Trade and Industry, and Ministry of Finance are key players in the tobacco control policy and legislation, representing competing bureaucratic interests over health, macro-economy and revenue. High-ranking officials, including the Communist Party and National Assembly members, take a rather relaxed position reflecting the low political stakes placed on tobacco issues. The state-owned tobacco industry is regarded as an important contributor to the government revenue and gross domestic product, and the relative weight on health and socioeconomic issues placed by stakeholders determine their positions on tobacco control. Overall, short-term economic interests have more immediate influence in setting policy directions, with the consequences of health gains perceived as relegated to a distant future. This was reflected in the position of tobacco control advocates, including MOH, that presented with reluctance in insisting on some tobacco control strategies revealing a mixture attitude of concessions to the socioeconomic uncertainties and a sense of bargaining to win the strategies that are more likely to be accepted. Conclusion The state-ownership of tobacco industry poses a major paradox within the government that benefits from manufacturing of tobacco products and is also responsible for controlling tobacco consumption. The perceptions of negative implications on government revenue and the macro-economy, coupled with the reluctance to challenge these issues from health perspective too directly, means that tobacco control has yet to secure itself a place on the priority policy agenda. The overall policy environment will shift in favour of tobacco control only if the economic framing can be challenged.
- Published
- 2011
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