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Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an emerging technology in wireless communications which has the prospect to improve traffic safety and efficiency, as well as reduce air pollution. The traffic-related messages transmitted between vehicles and roadside units must be signed and verified without revealing the real identities of the vehicles. However, an authorized trusted party must be able to obtain the real identity of a vehicle on a controversial message. Existing conditional privacy-preserving authentication (CPPA) schemes in VANETs either rely on a tamper-proof device or complex mathematical operations such as bilinear pairing and map-to-point hash function or cannot meet the privacy and security requirements in VANETs. In this work, we propose an efficient CPPA scheme for VANETs based on the elliptic curve cryptography without relying on any hardware device. The scheme satisfies the security and privacy requirements of VANETs, solves private key compromise problem, and provides countermeasure against privilege escalation. We show that the scheme is existentially secure against an adaptive chosen message and identity attacks in the random oracle model based on the hardness of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. The performance results show that the proposed scheme is more efficient than previous schemes in VANETs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certificateless aggregate signature (CL-AS) is a digital signature technique used to achieve improved performance in resource-constrained environments like vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) by eliminating the certificate issue in the traditional public key cryptography (PKC), addressing the key escrow problem in identity-based PKC, and utilizing the efficiency benefits of aggregate signature. Recently, an efficient CL-AS scheme for VANETs was proposed which the authors claimed to be existentially secure against forgery attacks in the random oracle model. In this paper, the scheme was analyzed and found to be insecure under existing security model. Consequently, we propose a new efficient certificateless aggregate signature scheme for VANETs applications based on elliptic curve cryptography. The proposed scheme does not only meet the privacy and security requirements for VANETs, but supports batch verification, autonomy, and conditional privacy preservation. In addition, the proposed scheme is provably secure against existential forgery on adaptive chosen message attack in the random oracle model based on the hardness assumption of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. Extensive efficiency analysis demonstrates that the performance of the proposed scheme exceeds those of the recent related schemes in terms of computation cost and communication overhead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vehicular Ad hoc network (VANET) is an essential element of intelligent transportation system, which improves traffic safety and efficiency by allowing vehicles, road side infrastructure, and transport management authority to securely and collaboratively communicate. To address the security and privacy challenges in VANETs, several conditional privacypreserving authentication (CPPA) schemes based on bilinear pairing and using a tamper-proof device have been proposed. However, bilinear operation is known to be one of the most complex cryptographic operations and tamper-proof device is expensive with a very strong security assumption. In this work, we propose a CPPA scheme for VANETs without using bilinear pairing or any special device. The proposed scheme employs pseudo-identity-based time-bound signature and transport management center (TMC) to achieve CPPA with scalability in VANETs. The security analysis shows that the scheme not only satisfies all the security and privacy requirements of VANETs, but solves private key compromise problem and provides countermeasure against privilege escalation. Compared with most recent CPPA schemes for VANETs, the computation cost of message signing, single message verification and batch verification in the proposed scheme improved by 91:39%; 94:55%, and 99:60% respectively. Moreover, analysis shows that the proposed scheme has better performance in terms of communication cost than existing CPPA schemes in VANETs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of vehicle (IoV) is an extension of vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) used in smart cities to achieve a more reliable information sharing and communication among smart vehicles, roadside units (RSUs), and people as well as improved traffic safety and better driving experience. In VANET, communications among vehicles and between vehicles and RSUs are done using the dedicated short range communication (DSRC) protocol. However, this technology faces some drawbacks including high latency, limited spectrum, poor scalability and reliability, and network congestion. To this end, many researchers have explored the complementary benefits of long term evolution-vehicle (LTE-V) such as higher capacity and mobility supports, better spectral efficiency, improved quality of service (QoS), and inter-operability to support vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The information transmitted in LTE-V must be secured and the privacy of users protected before the deployment of this auspicious technology. In this research article, a lightweight certificateless authentication and group key agreement for LTE-V is proposed. The designed authentication scheme is constructed without using time-consuming operations. A batch verification technique which reduces the computational burden on the RSU when required to authenticate prodigious messages is introduced. The developed group key distribution mechanism achieves group communication and supports dynamic updating with negligible computation. We prove that the proposed scheme is semantically secure in the random oracle model (ROM) based on the intractability of the discrete logarithm problem (DLP), and demonstrate that it meets all the desired privacy and security requirements. An extensive analysis of the performance shows that the scheme is substantially efficient compared with the state-of-the-art schemes. The performance evaluation through experimental simulation further shows the superiority of the proposed scheme over the traditional IEEE 802.11p-based schemes. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]