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The present research aimed to characterize the socioeconomic and productive aspects of the horticultural and fruit systems in the communities of Pachinché, Sasay and Estancia Vieja, belonging to the Colón parish of the Portoviejo canton. For this purpose, a survey was carried out through the form to 80 fruit and vegetable producers from the communities of Estancia Vieja (26), Pachinche (26) and Sasay (28). The non-parametric test was applied using the chi square statistical method to identify differences between variables. The results show that 30 producers (38%) have a level of primary education, 48 (60%) have secondary education and 2 (3%) have higher education, the p value associated with this distribution is 0.804, which indicates that no There is a statistically significant difference in the level of education between the different locations. In planting preference, banana is the most planted vegetable, representing 25% of the total responses. It is followed by cassava with 20%, pepper with 18%, and chili with 19%. This suggests a clear preference for these vegetables in all three communities. The productive characterization of the horticultural and fruit crops of the Colón canton shows that the producers, for the most part, work on small plots of 0.5 to 1 hectares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The exponential growth of the world population makes it necessary to look for alternatives to increase food production. Amino acids are widely used to improve crop productivity, however, in table beet cultivation they are not widespread. Therefore, the objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of an amino acid solution on the physiological indices and production of red beet. A randomized block experiment was designed with five treatments and six replications. Four concentrations of the amino acid solution VA1 (0.3 ml L-1), VA2 (0.6 ml L-1), VA3 (0.9 ml L-1), VA4 (1.2 ml L-1) were evaluated. 1) and a control treatment VA0 (0). The dry biomass of the plants, leaf area, growth rates, total chlorophyll content, leaf temperature, relative water content and agricultural yield were evaluated. The results showed lower growth and production when the amino acid solution was not used and a significant increase in the dry biomass of the plants when the solution was used in all its variants. Growth rates, chlorophyll content, as well as leaf temperature, were also benefited by amino acids. The highest productive efficiency was obtained with 0.6; 0.9- and 1.2-ml L-1 and the best performance response was at the 1.2 ml L-1 dose. Therefore, the foliar application of amino acids is an alternative to increase the growth and production of red beets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Food waste is at the center of the international debate and is reflected in the Agenda for Sustainable Development. Cuba recognizes the importance of food wastage, but does not yet have a baseline for quantifying wastage at the consumer level. The article describes the behavior regarding vegetable wastage in the domestic sector through the application of a survey in a sample of households in a Cuban municipality. A descriptive non-experimental cross-sectional quantitative research was carried out and a non-probabilistic sampling by convenience was used, where 75 households participated voluntarily. The percentage of each variable under analysis was calculated using Microsoft Excel software. The families had a total of 204 people, with a predominance of two and three members. The presence of cardiovascular diseases was evidenced, representing 42% of the non-communicable diseases reported by the respondents. In general, there is a perception of never or almost never wasting vegetables. Those left over from the meals that are discarded at the end of the meal are the most frequently discarded. It was found that 73.3% of the families waste less than one pound of vegetables per week and the most wasted vegetables are leafy vegetables, followed by fruit, bulb and tuber vegetables. The main destinations of vegetable waste are donation to another person for animal feed and for feeding one's own animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of national raw materials to enrich the new formulations of fertilizers contributes to diminish the employment of expensive chemical products. The Engineering and Chemical Research Center (CIIQ) has assumed the task of developing fertilizers using minerals, microorganisms, raw matters of national origin. The objective of this work is to show the results of the agronomicevaluation of eleven treatments, including the nine formulations given by the CIIQ, a witness without fertilizer application and a witness with a NPK formula. The work was carried out in an experimental organoponic located in the municipality Arroyo Naranjo. Each formulation was applied in little plots of 2.0 x 0.90 m, in which lettuce (variety Black seeded Simpson) was planted. The behavior was evaluated from the sowing until the crop, being determined indicators of growth (height of the plant, number of leaves, and diameter of the shaft) and the yield. In the studied indicators was observed that there are not significant differences in the treatments (1 at the 9) with relationship to the NPK (10) treatment. In the treatments 1, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are an increment of the yield with relationship to the NPK treatment, more remarkable in the 1 and the 6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. is the property of Knowledge E DMCC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Radish (Rhapanus sativus) is a vegetable that is grown worldwide, so many producers use chemicals to increase production. An alternative to avoid the use of chemicals in radish cultivation is the use of algae-based green manures. For their nutritional advantages that they can contribute to agriculture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic and productive behavior of radish "Raphanus sativus" under the effect of fertilization based on the macroalga Porphyra umbilicalis also known as "Nori". A Completely Random Design (DCA) with four treatments and an experimental control with five repetitions is used. The treatments correspond to T0: experimental control (0% Nori seaweed); T1 100% Nori seaweed; T2 at 75% Nori seaweed; T3 at 50% Nori seaweed; T4 at 25% Nori seaweed. 10 plants per experimental unit were used, that is, 50 plants per treatment with a total of 250 plants for all treatments. The results indicated that the exposure of the Nori seaweed prior to planting did not represent any advantage in the percentage of emergence, however, in the variables of height (34.32 cm), width of leaves (9.18±1.45), length of leaf (2 ±0.69), weight (31.6±3.14 g), fresh biomass (23.90±2.59), dry biomass (1.57±0.41) and yield 31.2 kg for treatment T4 fertilized with 100% Nori seaweed presented the highest values. Concluding that the use of nori seaweed as a biofertilizer can give advantages in the production of vegetables such as radish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main factors limiting the shelf life of fresh fruits and vegetables is the growth of microorganisms during refrigerated storage. The use of artificial ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength of 190 to 280 nm (UV-C) has germicidal power and can be effective for decontaminating the surface of fruits and vegetables. The work focused on analyzing the bibliometric data and the object of study of the publications about ultraviolet radiation as an emerging method. Parameters such as the number of publications per year, journals, affiliations, countries, authors and modality of the scientific document were taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of the project Environmental Bases for the Local Alimentary Sustainability was created in the Cooperative of Credits and Services "Frank País" of the municipality Güira de Melena, the mini-industry "San Miguel", with the objective of minimizing the adverse effects of the climaticchange that causes production losses and this way to achieve a precise planning of the volumes of products of fruits and vegetables to harvest and the ways for its commercialization. Seven years after the creation and starting of the mini-industry, it becomes necessary to value the economic feasibility in itsoperation with the purpose of contributing information for the taking of decisions as for the creation and management of other similar industries. For the economic analysis were used the cost of initial investment, starting from the expenses in Cuban pesos for the construction of the mini-industry and the machines, which were added later on, in order to know his total amount. The results obtained during the period 2016-2021 show that 45.23% of raw material supplied to the mini-industry had good use, having in the first year of exploitation 1 728.2 hundreds of Cuban pesos of net profit and reaching up to 6 149.0 hundreds of Cuban pesos in the last year of study as consequence of the increase of the productive capacity, existing a yearly relationship benefit-cost of 1.81 as average and a time of recovering of the investment of 3.42 years, what demonstrates that under similar conditions it is profitable the creation of mini-industries for processing fruits and vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spinach has several relevant properties, great nutritional importance, and an affordable price, being a significant subject in various studies. However, the current literature is scarce regarding the production and nutritional requirements of this crop, with nitrogen being the element mostly required. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen doses and application timings on the nutrition and productivity of spinach. The experimental design was a randomized block in a 6 x 4 factorial scheme, consisting of the combination of six N doses (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg ha-1) and four application timings (planting (PT), 15, 30, and 45 days after planting (DAP)) of urea nitrogen fertilizer, with four replications. The analyzed variables were chlorophyll content (CF), plant height (AP), fresh mass (MF), dry mass (MS), nitrogen content (TN), and nitrogen accumulation (AN). The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (F test), and the means obtained based on the N application timing were compared by Tukey's test at a 5 % probability level. For nitrogen doses, regression analysis was performed. At 15 DAP, the application of 90 kg ha-1 of nitrogen stood out, increasing productivity and obtaining 50.38 kg ha-1 of spinach. However, the productivity achieved in absence of nitrogen topdressing fertilization was satisfactory. Therefore, under conditions like those of the conducted study, it is possible to achieve good productivity and nutrition values without resorting to topdressing nitrogen fertilization, thereby emphasizing the advantage of reduced production costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista ION is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The work was developed in the urban organic garden "Mercasa", Las Tunas; in the period from the first day to December 27, 2019, with the objective of evaluating the effect of different doses of VIUSID® Agro on the yield of lettuce crop, cv. Fomento-95, under urban organic garden conditions. A completely randomized design with four treatments (control without application and application of VIUSID® Agro at 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 ml L-1 of water) was used. The following morphoagronomic variables were evaluated: plant height, leaf length and width, stem diameter, number of leaves, root length, mass per plant and yield. The data obtained were subjected to a simple analysis of variance using the Statgraphics statistical package. The best results obtained in most of the morphological and yield variables evaluated corresponded to the VIUSID® Agro dose of 0.15 ml L-1 of water, with greater economic feasibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria is the property of Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario (AIDA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To strengthen the supply of basic food for the population in the canton La Maná, the horticultural orchards project was developed in urban and rural communities in the canton La Maná, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador. With the participation of 25 Agronomy students from the Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (La Maná extension), the intervention was made in the design, installation, and management of horticultural orchards in 11 localities. As a product of the project, in the participating communities, families were able to implement horticultural orchards in their homes, increasing the immediate availability of basic foods for family consumption. As a product of the project, in the participating localities, it was achieved that at the urban and rural level the acceptance of the horticultural orchards was given in equal proportion. However, close to 100% of men in rural areas are willing to collaborate in horticultural activities, a contrary situation that was observed at the urban level. On the other hand, regardless of gender, there was greater interest in the production of vegetables at the rural level with respect to the urban area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colombia ranks 89th out of 124 countries with the highest concentration of pests, and fungal phytopathogens, due to the climatic conditions that characterize the geographical area, are one of the biggest problems for vegetable crops. Biological control is a sustainable and promising alternative to the exclusive use of agrochemicals. In several studies it has been observed that Pseudomonas bacteria have a great biocontrol potential for phytopathogenic fungi such as Fusarium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia spp. among others, which cause losses in vegetable production. There are more than one hundred species of Pseudomonas reported, several of their strains have shown promising results. Materials and methods: in this systematic review the guidelines of the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses website were used, and searches were conducted within databases and institutional web pages. Results: a total of 97 articles published between 1980 and 2021 were obtained. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 43 publications were eliminated, so that a total of 54 publications were included. Discussion: several strains of Pseudomonas show a favorable biocontrol potential that allows the adoption and development of innovative techniques that can be introduced in the management of phytopathogens. In addition to counteracting the disease, their properties favor plant growth and productivity. Several studies prove the mechanisms expressed by Pseudomonas and the promising role of genomics in their potentiation. Conclusions: the genus Pseudomonas has proven to be effective as a biocontroller of phytopathogens in vegetable crops, whose treatments with this bacterium can reduce the use of agrochemicals. However, it is necessary to implement new strategies and encourage research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agriculture, a highly water-consuming sector, uses about 70 % of potable water for irrigation, which affects the availability of this scarce and limited resource. For decades, the biostimulant action of aqueous extracts of humic substances from cattle manure vermicompost has been demonstrated in numerous crops, and the protective effect against abiotic stress conditions has also been proven. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a waterdemanding vegetable that responds to the stimulating effect of humic extracts. For these reasons, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of a humic extract of vermicompost (HEV) on lettuce plants grown under low water supply. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, treating the plants with a combination of three dilutions of the obtained HEV and two water conditions (25 and 50 % of the maximum water holding capacity (MC), following a completely randomized experimental design. At 42 days after plant emergence, biological productivity indicators and biochemical-physiological indicators were evaluated. The humic extract of vermicompost presented advantageous physicochemical properties for use as a biostimulant. Plants sprayed with dilutions of the extract and under conditions of low water supply showed similar or higher values than the control with adequate water supply (MC 85 %). Increases in proline and leaf protein content were observed, but not in relative chlorophyll content. It is recommended to perform the total characterization of vermicompost extracts and to study the response of lettuce under field conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agriculture faces a new challenge of producing more food with less water. The most direct and economic way to palliate this difference is in the increase of the efficiency in the use of the water that should begin with its precision in the handling and use for the irrigation. An important step in this field is materialized with the upgrade of the methodologies for the determination of the crop coefficients and the constant upgrade of the knowledge and the technical and agronomic requirements for an appropriate planning, starting from the estimate of its water necessities. Was used the model SimDualKc that makes the calculation of the evapotranspiration of the crop (ETc) and the programming of the watering based on the methodology of the dual cultural coefficients (Kc = Kcb + Ke). Were used dual coefficients of crops (Kcb) obtained by Chaterlán et al. (2015) in the Experimental Station of Irritation and Drainage, Alquízar, Cuba. The vegetables are among the most important foods in Cuba and big areas are cultivated to satisfy the demand, and those studied were garlic, onion, carrot and pepper. The validation consisted on the simulation with the values of Kcb obtained previously for the conditions of Alquízar under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Valley of Caujeri. Was reached the conclusion that the values of Kcb obtained for these vegetables in Alquízar can be considered to generate alternative of programming of the irrigation for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Valley of Caujeri in Guantánamo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Terra Latinoamericana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Terra Latinoamericana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although vegetable nursery growers decide on plug sizes based on the types, production time and schedule of the crops to grow, they usually choose individual small cell sizes because these allow short plant-raising periods and reduced costs. However, larger plugs produce a finished plant after transplant in a shorter period of time than smaller plugs. Nursery growers end the propagation period when roots take up the plug cell and plantlets can be removed from the plug tray without damage. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of three plug-cell sizes and a single BAP application (100 mg L-1) on the shoot and root growth and time to transplant of different lettuce genotypes. Nursery decreased as plug cell volume increased and with the single BAP spray. A novelty result was that the transplant dates were assigned when the marginal root dry weight accumulation decreased, i.e., based on objective rather than on subjective observations. The significant leaf area and dry weight accumulation found could be explained by growth parameters such as the rate of leaf appearance, the relative rate of leaf area expansion, the relative growth rate, the net assimilation rate and the partition coefficient from root: shoot allometries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work developed at the University of Tolima (Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia) was aimed to evaluate the effect of silicon as an inducer of systemic resistance and the antagonism of T. viride against the vascular wilt of hybrid tomato Santa Clara (S. lycopersicum L.) caused by F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The inducing effect of silicon on the tomato defense response on epidemiological parameters of the disease and the activity of the Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzyme were evaluated through biochemical analysis. A factorial design with 8 treatments and 12 replicas was used. A 47 % reduction in foliar severity was found in plants treated with silicon and T. viride with respect to plants that were not treated with silicon. In addition, an increase in the enzymatic activity of Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) was found in plants that were treated with silicon and not inoculated with T. viride, the mean of this treatment being 2.29 U/mg of protein compared to those they were not treated with silicon and inoculated and not inoculated with T. viride, the average of this treatment being 0.36 U/mg of protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective was to study the compatibility and efficiency of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for the control of insect pests in cabbage and lettuce grown in an aquaponic system made up of Piaractus brachypomus tanks. Spore solutions of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were prepared. The data submitted to a Completely Random Design, with four treatments, three repetitions and the averages compared by the 5% Tukey test showed that B. bassiana + M. anisopliae caused 73% mortality of Bemisia tabaci on the underside of the lettuce leaves, B. bassiana revealed 84% mortality for Brevicoryne brassicae L. in the bundle of cabbage leaves in 23 days. On the underside of cabbage leaves, B. bassiana + M. anisopliae, showed 79% mortality in just 6 days and M. anisopliae 88% in 23 days after application. The entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana + M. anisopliae evaluated were effective for the control of whitefly on the underside of lettuce leaves. B. bassiana was more effective in controlling beam aphids and M. anisopliae on the underside of cabbage leaves during the second application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to evaluate parasitologically samples of chard (Beta vulgaris) and parsley (Petroselinum sativum) suitable for consumption, acquired from four places of sale (two supermarkets and two free fairs) in Ciudad Bolívar, Bolívar state, during the period January-March 2017. The 120 samples (40 chard and 80 parsley) were subjected to the technique of spontaneous sedimentation and Kinyoun staining. The estimated global percentage of contamination by parasites/commensals and free-living organisms was 92.5%. Considering only the parasites of medical interest, the prevalence was 50% (65% in chard and 42.5% in parsley). In the samples of the supermarkets, the presence of commensals or parasitic forms presented a higher index (58.8%) (X2 = 7.35, d.f. 1; p < 0.05). Five taxa of commensals or intestinal parasites that frequently affect humans were identified, four in chard and three in parsley. The one with the highest prevalence was Blastocystis spp. with 39.2% (55% and 31.2% in parsley and chard, respectively); followed by Entamoeba coli with 11.7% (17.5% and 8.8%). Intestinal coccidia were not identified in any of the samples. In conclusion, chard and parsley sold in the evaluated stores are not suitable for consumption if a thorough washing is not carried out prior to ingestion, since they present a high percentage of contamination by parasitic or commensals organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document presents a methodology for the robust design of horticultural supply chains, this using mathematical modeling and methodology proposed by (Tordecilla Madera & Leonardo, 2012). A mathematical model that allows the design of the horticultural chain was designed and then 7 supply chain configurations were evaluated to determine the most robust, this from the evaluation of utilities, CO2 emissions and operational performance measures such as the use of different locations. The model used for the study is a Mixed Whole Linear Programming (MIP) model that allowed to establish the configuration of the horticultural chain, opening of cross docking centers, distribution centers for vehicle evaluation to carry out the supply. The most robust configuration of the horticultural chain was established, for which, the locations that were most suitable to be enabled were defined, as well as the vehicles to be acquired for when there are low, medium and high vegetable supply levels, this involving variations in prices of sale in the different links of the chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The population growth, the expansion of the city and the increase of the automotive park of the canton Cuenca has caused a deterioration in air quality, which puts at risk the agricultural production in the nearby rural areas, the objective of the present study was to determine the concentration of Pb in the foliage of cabbage lettuces in the San Joaquín parish. Twelve lettuces of cabbage were planted in two beds that were located in open-pit and greenhouse conditions with a common substrate soil for the development of the plants, the substrate was characterized, the results showed that the content of lead in the foliage of the Lettuce came mostly from the air. At the time of harvest, foliage samples were sent for the analysis of the Pb content by the atomic absorption method, the lowest value corresponded to the greenhouse crop with an average of 0,066 mg / kg, while the open crop obtained value of 0,087 mg / kg, according to the independent T-test, there is no significant statistical difference, these values of lead concentration are below the limits established by the World Health Organization, which is considered that lettuces they are not contaminated with Pb associated with vehicles and fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the objective of evaluating the influence of the quality of the water in the production of vegetables in organoponics of the municipality Camagüey, was carried out a study to evaluate the relationship between the quality of the irrigation water and productive indicators of the crops carrot (Daucus carota L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa, L.) with different characteristic and differences regarding their susceptibility to the salinity, to determine the influence of the quality of the water in the growth and yield. For the monitoring was made an integral analysis of the indicators of the chemical properties that determine the quality of the waters linked to the possible effects in both crops. Were evaluated the germination percentage, growth, length and diameter of the root (carrot) and yield. Was proved the effect of the quality of the water on the parameters evaluated in the crops selected and was obtained that the indicators of the water with more incidence were: the electric conductivity (CE), the acidity (pH), the total soluble salts (SST) and the relationship of sodium absorption (RAS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]