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1. Disturbance indicator values for European plants.

Author

Midolo, Gabriele, Herben, Tomáš, Axmanová, Irena, Marcenò, Corrado, Pätsch, Ricarda, Bruelheide, Helge, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Aćić, Svetlana, Bergamini, Ariel, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, De Sanctis, Michele, Demina, Olga, Dengler, Jürgen, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, and Garbolino, Emmanuel

Subjects
NUMBERS of species, ECOLOGICAL niche, PLANT species, COMMUNITIES, VASCULAR plants
Abstract

Motivation: Indicator values are numerical values used to characterize the ecological niches of species and to estimate their occurrence along gradients. Indicator values on climatic and edaphic niches of plant species have received considerable attention in ecological research, whereas data on the optimal positioning of species along disturbance gradients are less developed. Here, we present a new data set of disturbance indicator values identifying optima along gradients of natural and anthropogenic disturbance for 6382 vascular plant species based on the analysis of 736,366 European vegetation plots and using expert‐based characterization of disturbance regimes in 236 habitat types. The indicator values presented here are crucial for integrating disturbance niche optima into large‐scale vegetation analyses and macroecological studies. Main types of variables contained: We set up five main continuous indicator values for European vascular plants: disturbance severity, disturbance frequency, mowing frequency, grazing pressure and soil disturbance. The first two indicators are provided separately for the whole community and for the herb layer. We calculated the values as the average of expert‐based estimates of disturbance values in all habitat types where a species occurs, weighted by the number of plots in which the species occurs within a given habitat type. Spatial location and grain: Europe. Vegetation plots ranging in size from 1 to 1000 m2. Time period and grain: Vegetation plots mostly sampled between 1956 and 2013 (= 5th and 95th quantiles of the sampling year, respectively). Major taxa and level of measurement: Species‐level indicator values for vascular plants. Software format: csv file. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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2. Distribution maps of vegetation alliances in Europe.

Author

Preislerová, Zdenka, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Mucina, Ladislav, Berg, Christian, Bonari, Gianmaria, Kuzemko, Anna, Landucci, Flavia, Marcenò, Corrado, Monteiro‐Henriques, Tiago, Novák, Pavel, Vynokurov, Denys, Bergmeier, Erwin, Dengler, Jürgen, Apostolova, Iva, Bioret, Frederic, Biurrun, Idoia, Campos, Juan Antonio, Capelo, Jorge, Čarni, Andraž, and Çoban, Süleyman

Subjects
VEGETATION mapping, BOTANY, COASTAL mapping, DATA distribution, VASCULAR plants
Abstract

Aim: The first comprehensive checklist of European phytosociological alliances, orders and classes (EuroVegChecklist) was published by Mucina et al. (2016, Applied Vegetation Science, 19 (Suppl. 1), 3–264). However, this checklist did not contain detailed information on the distribution of individual vegetation types. Here we provide the first maps of all alliances in Europe. Location: Europe, Greenland, Canary Islands, Madeira, Azores, Cyprus and the Caucasus countries. Methods: We collected data on the occurrence of phytosociological alliances in European countries and regions from literature and vegetation‐plot databases. We interpreted and complemented these data using the expert knowledge of an international team of vegetation scientists and matched all the previously reported alliance names and concepts with those of the EuroVegChecklist. We then mapped the occurrence of the EuroVegChecklist alliances in 82 territorial units corresponding to countries, large islands, archipelagos and peninsulas. We subdivided the mainland parts of large or biogeographically heterogeneous countries based on the European biogeographical regions. Specialized alliances of coastal habitats were mapped only for the coastal section of each territorial unit. Results: Distribution maps were prepared for 1,105 alliances of vascular‐plant dominated vegetation reported in the EuroVegChecklist. For each territorial unit, three levels of occurrence probability were plotted on the maps: (a) verified occurrence; (b) uncertain occurrence; and (c) absence. The maps of individual alliances were complemented by summary maps of the number of alliances and the alliance–area relationship. Distribution data are also provided in a spreadsheet. Conclusions: The new map series represents the first attempt to characterize the distribution of all vegetation types at the alliance level across Europe. There are still many knowledge gaps, partly due to a lack of data for some regions and partly due to uncertainties in the definition of some alliances. The maps presented here provide a basis for future research aimed at filling these gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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3. Life‐form diversity across temperate deciduous forests of Western Eurasia: A different story in the understory.

Author

Loidi, Javier, Chytrý, Milan, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Alessi, Nicola, Biurrun, Idoia, Campos, Juan Antonio, Čarni, Andraž, Fernández‐Pascual, Eduardo, Font Castell, Xavier, Gholizadeh, Hamid, Indreica, Adrian, Kavgacı, Ali, Knollová, Ilona, Naqinezhad, Alireza, Novák, Pavel, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Škvorc, Željko, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Vassilev, Kiril, and Marcenò, Corrado

Subjects
DECIDUOUS forests, TEMPERATE forests, FOREST biodiversity, LAST Glacial Maximum, VASCULAR plants, SPECIES diversity, SHRUBS
Abstract

Aim: To analyse the biogeographic patterns of Temperate Deciduous Forests (TDFs) in Western Eurasia based on different life‐forms and forests layers and explore their relationships with the current climate, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate and topography. Location: Western Eurasia. Taxon: Vascular plants. Methods: We delimited nine regions encompassing the variability of TDFs in Western Eurasia and collected 1000 vegetation plots from each. We deconstructed the plant communities into three layers, tree, shrub and floor. We used (i) generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) to analyse the influence of current climate, historical climate and topography on species richness by accounting for regional effects and (ii) redundancy analysis (RDA) with variance partitioning to describe the variation in life forms along abiotic gradients. The three forest layers were analysed jointly and separately. Results: The Balkans, Alps and Carpathians appeared to be the richest in plant species, whereas the British Isles and the Hyrcanian region were the poorest. Annual temperature range and annual mean temperature were the best predictors of species richness for the whole dataset and for the shrub layer. The tree layer richness was mainly explained by the annual temperature range and by elevation, whereas the forest floor richness was more related to the annual temperature range and the annual mean temperature differences between the LGM and current climate. The current climate was the main predictor of the composition of the whole community, the tree layer and the floor layer, while the shrub layer was also influenced by historical climate. Main conclusions: Our overview of the diversity of temperate deciduous forests in Western Eurasia demonstrates different patterns and drivers across life‐forms and forest layers. While the diversity of trees is mainly linked to current climatic conditions, the shrub layer is also driven by postglacial‐glacial climatic stability, suggesting a different origin from forest trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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4. Testing macroecological abundance patterns: The relationship between local abundance and range size, range position and climatic suitability among European vascular plants.

Author

Sporbert, Maria, Keil, Petr, Seidler, Gunnar, Bruelheide, Helge, Jandt, Ute, Aćić, Svetlana, Biurrun, Idoia, Campos, Juan Antonio, Čarni, Andraž, Chytrý, Milan, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Golub, Valentin, Jansen, Florian, Kuzemko, Anna, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, and Rūsiņa, Solvita

Subjects
QUANTILE regression, VASCULAR plants, SPECIES distribution, PLANT species, GROUND cover plants, PLANTS
Abstract

Aim: A fundamental question in macroecology centres around understanding the relationship between species' local abundance and their distribution in geographical and climatic space (i.e. the multi‐dimensional climatic space or climatic niche). Here, we tested three macroecological hypotheses that link local abundance to the following range properties: (a) the abundance–range size relationship, (b) the abundance–range centre relationship and (c) the abundance–suitability relationship. Location: Europe. Taxon: Vascular plants. Methods: Distribution range maps were extracted from the Chorological Database Halle to derive information on the range and niche sizes of 517 European vascular plant species. To estimate local abundance, we assessed samples from 744,513 vegetation plots in the European Vegetation Archive, where local species' abundance is available as plant cover per plot. We then calculated the 'centrality', that is, the distance between the location of the abundance observation and each species' range centre in geographical and climatic space. The climatic suitability of plot locations was estimated using coarse‐grain species distribution models (SDMs). The relationships between centrality or climatic suitability with abundance was tested using linear models and quantile regression. We summarized the overall trend across species' regression slopes from linear models and quantile regression using a meta‐analytical approach. Results: We did not detect any positive relationships between a species' mean local abundance and the size of its geographical range or climatic niche. Contrasting yet significant correlations were detected between abundance and centrality or climatic suitability among species. Main conclusions: Our results do not provide unequivocal support for any of the relationships tested, demonstrating that determining properties of species' distributions at large grains and extents might be of limited use for predicting local abundance, including current SDM approaches. We conclude that environmental factors influencing individual performance and local abundance are likely to differ from those factors driving plant species' distribution at coarse resolution and broad geographical extents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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5. Species–area relationships in continuous vegetation: Evidence from Palaearctic grasslands.

Author

Dengler, Jürgen, Matthews, Thomas J., Steinbauer, Manuel J., Wolfrum, Sebastian, Boch, Steffen, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Conradi, Timo, Dembicz, Iwona, Marcenò, Corrado, García‐Mijangos, Itziar, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Storch, David, Ulrich, Werner, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cancellieri, Laura, Carboni, Marta, Ciaschetti, Giampiero, De Frenne, Pieter, Dolezal, Jiri, and Dolnik, Christian

Subjects
PALEARCTIC, GRASSLANDS, VASCULAR plants, NONLINEAR regression, PLANT communities, PLANT diversity, GRAIN
Abstract

Aim: Species–area relationships (SARs) are fundamental scaling laws in ecology although their shape is still disputed. At larger areas, power laws best represent SARs. Yet, it remains unclear whether SARs follow other shapes at finer spatial grains in continuous vegetation. We asked which function describes SARs best at small grains and explored how sampling methodology or the environment influence SAR shape. Location: Palaearctic grasslands and other non‐forested habitats. Taxa: Vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens. Methods: We used the GrassPlot database, containing standardized vegetation‐plot data from vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens spanning a wide range of grassland types throughout the Palaearctic and including 2,057 nested‐plot series with at least seven grain sizes ranging from 1 cm2 to 1,024 m2. Using nonlinear regression, we assessed the appropriateness of different SAR functions (power, power quadratic, power breakpoint, logarithmic, Michaelis–Menten). Based on AICc, we tested whether the ranking of functions differed among taxonomic groups, methodological settings, biomes or vegetation types. Results: The power function was the most suitable function across the studied taxonomic groups. The superiority of this function increased from lichens to bryophytes to vascular plants to all three taxonomic groups together. The sampling method was highly influential as rooted presence sampling decreased the performance of the power function. By contrast, biome and vegetation type had practically no influence on the superiority of the power law. Main conclusions: We conclude that SARs of sessile organisms at smaller spatial grains are best approximated by a power function. This coincides with several other comprehensive studies of SARs at different grain sizes and for different taxa, thus supporting the general appropriateness of the power function for modelling species diversity over a wide range of grain sizes. The poor performance of the Michaelis–Menten function demonstrates that richness within plant communities generally does not approach any saturation, thus calling into question the concept of minimal area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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6. Ellenberg-type indicator values for European vascular plant species

Author

Lubomír, Tichý, Irena, Axmanová, Jürgen, Dengler, Riccardo, Guarino, Florian, Jansen, Gabriele, Midolo, Nobis, Michael P., Koenraad, Van&nbsp, Meerbeek, Svetlana, Aćić, Attorre, Fabio, Erwin, Bergmeier, Idoia, Biurrun, Gianmaria, Bonari, Helge, Bruelheide, Juan Antonio Campos, Andraž, Čarni, Alessandro, Chiarucci, Mirjana, Ćuk, Renata, Ćušterevska, Yakiv, Didukh, Daniel, Dítě, Zuzana, Dítě, Tetiana, Dziuba, Fanelli, Giuliano, Eduardo, Fernández‐pascual, Emmanuel, Garbolino, Gavilán, Rosario G., Jean‐claude, Gégout, Ulrich, Graf, Behlül, Güler, Michal, Hájek, Hennekens, Stephan M., Ute, Jandt, Anni, Jašková, Borja, Jiménez‐alfaro, Philippe, Julve, Stephan, Kambach, Dirk Nikolaus Karger, Gerhard, Karrer, Ali, Kavgacı, Ilona, Knollová, Anna, Kuzemko, Filip, Küzmič, Flavia, Landucci, Attila, Lengyel, Jonathan, Lenoir, Corrado, Marcenò, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund, Pavel, Novák, Aaron, Pérez‐haase, Tomáš, Peterka, Remigiusz, Pielech, Pignatti, Alessandro, Valerijus, Rašomavičius, Solvita, Rūsiņa, Arne, Saatkamp, Urban, Šilc, Željko, Škvorc, Jean‐paul, Theurillat, Thomas, Wohlgemuth, Milan, Chytrý, Tichy L., Axmanova I., Dengler J., Guarino R., Jansen F., Midolo G., Nobis M.P., VanMeerbeek K., Acic S., Attorre F., Bergmeier E., Biurrun I., Bonari G., Bruelheide H., Campos J.A., Carni A., Chiarucci A., Cuk M., Custerevska R., Didukh Y., Dite D., Dite Z., Dziuba T., Fanelli G., Fernandez-Pascual E., Garbolino E., Gavilan R.G., Gegout J.-C., Graf U., Guler B., Hajek M., Hennekens S.M., Jandt U., Jaskova A., Jimenez-Alfaro B., Julve P., Kambach S., Karger D.N., Karrer G., Kavgaci A., Knollova I., Kuzemko A., Kuzmic F., Landucci F., Lengyel A., Lenoir J., Marceno C., Moeslund J.E., Novak P., Perez-Haase A., Peterka T., Pielech R., Pignatti A., Rasomavicius V., Rusina S., Saatkamp A., Silc U., Skvorc Z., Theurillat J.-P., Wohlgemuth T., Chytry M., Tichý, Lubomír, Axmanová, Irena, Dengler, Jürgen, Guarino, Riccardo, Jansen, Florian, Midolo, Gabriele, Nobis, Michael P., Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Aćić, Svetlana, Attorre, Fabio, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bruelheide, Helge, Campos, Juan Antonio, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Ćuk, Mirjana, Ćušterevska, Renata, Didukh, Yakiv, Dítě, Daniel, Dítě, Zuzana, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, Fernández‐Pascual, Eduardo, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gavilán, Rosario G., Gégout, Jean‐Claude, Graf, Ulrich, Güler, Behlül, Hájek, Michal, Hennekens, Stephan M., Jandt, Ute, Jašková, Anni, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Julve, Philippe, Kambach, Stephan, Karger, Dirk Nikolau, Karrer, Gerhard, Kavgacı, Ali, Knollová, Ilona, Kuzemko, Anna, Küzmič, Filip, Landucci, Flavia, Lengyel, Attila, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Novák, Pavel, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Peterka, Tomáš, Pielech, Remigiusz, Pignatti, Alessandro, Rašomavičius, Valeriju, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Saatkamp, Arne, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Wohlgemuth, Thoma, and Chytrý, Milan

Subjects
Vascular plant, bioindication, Ellenberg indicator values, light, moisture, nutrients, reaction, salinity, temperature, vascular plants, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Plant Science, MOISTURE, RICHNESS, FORESTS, GRADIENT, ECOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR, Forest and Landscape Ecology, 577: Ökologie, Vegetatie, Ellenberg indicator value, Vegetation, Science & Technology, NORTH, Ecology, Plant Sciences, SHIFTS, Forestry, bioindication, Ellenberg indicator values, light, moisture, nutrients, reaction, salinity, temperature, vascular plants, REGIONS, 580: Pflanzen (Botanik), Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Nutrient
Abstract

This is a dataset of Ellenberg-type indicator values for European vascular plant species described in this article: Tichý L., Axmanová I., Dengler J., Guarino R., Jansen F., Midolo G., Nobis M.P., Van Meerbeek K., Aćić S., Attorre F., Bergmeier E., Biurrun I., Bonari G., Bruelheide H., Campos J.A., Čarni A., Chiarucci A., Ćuk M., Ćušterevska M., Didukh Y., Dítě D., Dítě Z., Dziuba T., Fanelli G., Fernández-Pascual E., Garbolino E., Gavilán R.G., Gégout J.-C., Graf U., Güler B., Hájek M., Hennekens S.M., Jandt U., Jašková A., Jiménez-Alfaro B., Julve P., Kambach S., Karger D.N., Karrer G., Kavgacı A., Knollová I., Kuzemko A., Küzmič F., Landucci F., Lengyel A., Lenoir J., Marcenò C., Moeslund J.E., Novák P., Pérez-Haase A., Peterka T., Pielech R., Pignatti A., Rašomavičius V., Rūsiņa S., Saatkamp A., Šilc U., Škvorc Ž., Theurillat J.-P., Wohlgemuth T. & Chytrý M. (2023) Ellenberg-type indicator values for European vascular plant species. Journal of Vegetation Science, 34, e13168. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13168 The dataset contains: 1) Harmonized Ellenberg-type indicator values for light, temperature, moisture, reaction, nutrients, and salinity for European vascular plants. 2) Original indicator values from 13 datasets of Ellenberg-type indicator values: - Germany (Ellenberg & Leuschner 2010) - Austria (Karrer 1992) - Cantabrian Range (Jiménez-Alfaro et al. 2021) - Czech Republic (Chytrý et al. 2018) - European mires (Hájek et al. 2020) - France (Julve 2015) - Great Britain (Hill et al. 2000) - Greece (South Aegean) (Böhling et al. 2002) - Hungary (Borhidi 1995) - Italy (Guarino & La Rosa 2019, modified) - Saline habitats (Dítě et al. 2023) - Switzerland and the Alps (Landolt et al. 2010) - Ukraine (Didukh 2011) 3) Species nomenclature is standardized according to the Euro+Med PlantBase (http://europlusmed.org)., The final version of the paper (accepted 8th Dec 2022; published 22nd Dec 2022). Difference from version 1.0: Minor changes in newly added species values calculated from co-occurrence with other species in the EVA database. They were corrected using straight-line calibration.

Published
2022
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7. Fine‐grain beta diversity of Palaearctic grassland vegetation

Author

Giampiero Ciaschetti, Arkadiusz Nowak, Manuela Winkler, Orsolya Valkó, Remigiusz Pielech, John-Arvid Grytnes, Kiril Vassilev, Sándor Bartha, Robert K. Peet, Steffen Boch, Ewelina Klichowska, Iwona Dembicz, Łukasz Kozub, Jiri Dolezal, Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo, Christian Dolnik, Anne Mimet, Idoia Biurrun, Monika Janišová, Emin Uğurlu, Jalil Noroozi, Laura Cancellieri, Edy Fantinato, Svetlana Aćić, Marta Carboni, Jinghui Zhang, Swantje Löbel, Pieter De Frenne, Behlül Güler, Iuliia Vasheniak, Hannah J. White, Corrado Marcenò, Jutta Kapfer, Michael Manthey, Sabina Burrascano, Franz Essl, Anna Kuzemko, Massimo Terzi, Juan Antonio Campos, Salza Palpurina, Manuel J. Steinbauer, Timo Conradi, François Gillet, Thomas J. Matthews, Harald Pauli, Vincent Pellissier, Itziar García-Mijangos, Jürgen Dengler, Goffredo Filibeck, Werner Ulrich, Alessandro Chiarucci, Riccardo Guarino, Denys Vynokurov, David Storch, Sebastian Wolfrum, Wolfgang Willner, Alireza Naqinezhad, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Thomas Matthews, Sandor Bartha, Wolfgang Willner, Iwona Dembicz, Arkadiusz Nowak, Marta Carboni, Monika Janisova, Manuel Steinbauer, Manuela Winkler, Lukasz Kozub, Jalil Noroozi, Hannah White, Riccardo Guarino, Robert Peet, Orsolya Valkó, Juan Antonio Campos, Sebastian Wolfrum, Denys Vynokurov, Itziar García-Mijangos, Salza Palpurina, Jürgen Dengler, Alessandro Chiarucci, François Gillet, Anna Kuzemko, Idoia Biurrun, Massimo Terzi, Remigiusz Pielech, Pieter De Frenne, Dembicz I., Dengler J., Steinbauer M.J., Matthews T.J., Bartha S., Burrascano S., Chiarucci A., Filibeck G., Gillet F., Janisova M., Palpurina S., Storch D., Ulrich W., Acic S., Boch S., Campos J.A., Cancellieri L., Carboni M., Ciaschetti G., Conradi T., De Frenne P., Dolezal J., Dolnik C., Essl F., Fantinato E., Garcia-Mijangos I., Giusso del Galdo G.P., Grytnes J.-A., Guarino R., Guler B., Kapfer J., Klichowska E., Kozub L., Kuzemko A., Lobel S., Manthey M., Marceno C., Mimet A., Naqinezhad A., Noroozi J., Nowak A., Pauli H., Peet R.K., Pellissier V., Pielech R., Terzi M., Ugurlu E., Valko O., Vasheniak I., Vassilev K., Vynokurov D., White H.J., Willner W., Winkler M., Wolfrum S., Zhang J., Biurrun I., Dembicz, Iwona, Dengler, Jürgen, Steinbauer, Manuel J., Matthews, Thomas J., Bartha, Sándor, Burrascano, Sabina, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Filibeck, Goffredo, Gillet, Françoi, Janišová, Monika, Palpurina, Salza, Storch, David, Ulrich, Werner, Aćić, Svetlana, Boch, Steffen, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cancellieri, Laura, Carboni, Marta, Ciaschetti, Giampiero, Conradi, Timo, De Frenne, Pieter, Dolezal, Jiri, Dolnik, Christian, Essl, Franz, Fantinato, Edy, García‐mijangos, Itziar, Giusso del Galdo, Gian Pietro, Grytnes, John‐arvid, Guarino, Riccardo, Güler, Behlül, Kapfer, Jutta, Klichowska, Ewelina, Kozub, Łukasz, Kuzemko, Anna, Löbel, Swantje, Manthey, Michael, Marcenò, Corrado, Mimet, Anne, Naqinezhad, Alireza, Noroozi, Jalil, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Pauli, Harald, Peet, Robert K., Pellissier, Vincent, Pielech, Remigiusz, Terzi, Massimo, Uğurlu, Emin, Valkó, Orsolya, Vasheniak, Iuliia, Vassilev, Kiril, Vynokurov, Deny, White, Hannah J., Willner, Wolfgang, Winkler, Manuela, Wolfrum, Sebastian, Zhang, Jinghui, Biurrun, Idoia, Werner, Ulrich, García‐Mijangos, Itziar, Grytnes, John‐Arvid, Ugurlu, Emin, and Uǧurlu, Emin

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Czech, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Fine grain, elevation, 333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete, habitat, Plant Science, Master plan, Fine-grain beta diversity, 01 natural sciences, Scale dependence, evolutionary, RICHNESS, vascular plants, HABITAT, Macroecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Mean occupancy, Productivity, 2. Zero hunger, disturbance, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Settore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica, Environmental research, Palaearctic grassland, differentiation, environmental heterogeneity, species-area relationship (SAR), gradient, DIFFERENTIATION, 580: Pflanzen (Botanik), fine-grain beta diversity, heterogeneity, land use, macroecology, mean occupancy, productivity, scale dependence, species–area relationship (SAR), z-value, language, media_common.quotation_subject, Library science, Species–area relationship (SAR), Environmental drivers, Grasslands, Lichens, Mosses, Species-area relationship, SAR, Vascular Plands, 010603 evolutionary biology, Species-area curve, 03 medical and health sciences, Excellence, Political science, GRADIENT, Slovak, 030304 developmental biology, spatial scale, Biology and Life Sciences, Disturbance, 15. Life on land, Z-value, language.human_language, ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Elevation, Land use, EVOLUTIONARY, SPATIAL SCALE, SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIPS, VASCULAR PLANTS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Heterogeneity, richness
Abstract

QUESTIONS: Which environmental factors influence fine-grain beta diversity of vegetation and do they vary among taxonomic groups? LOCATION: Palaearctic biogeographic realm. METHODS: We extracted 4,654 nested-plot series with at least four different grain sizes between 0.0001 m² and 1,024 m² from the GrassPlot database, covering a wide range of different grassland and other open habitat types. We derived extensive environmental and structural information for these series. For each series and four taxonomic groups (vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens, all), we calculated the slope parameter (z-value) of the power law species–area relationship (SAR), as a beta diversity measure. We tested whether z-values differed among taxonomic groups and with respect to biogeographic gradients (latitude, elevation, macroclimate), ecological (site) characteristics (several stress–productivity, disturbance and heterogeneity measures, including land use) and alpha diversity (c-value of the power law SAR). RESULTS: Mean z-values were highest for lichens, intermediate for vascular plants and lowest for bryophytes. Bivariate regressions of z-values against environmental variables had rather low predictive power (mean R² = 0.07 for vascular plants, less for other taxa). For vascular plants, the strongest predictors of z-values were herb layer cover (negative), elevation (positive), rock and stone cover (positive) and the c-value (U-shaped). All tested metrics related to land use (fertilization, livestock grazing, mowing, burning, decrease in naturalness) led to a decrease in z-values. Other predictors had little or no impact on z-values. The patterns for bryophytes, lichens and all taxa combined were similar but weaker than those for vascular plants. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that productivity has negative and heterogeneity positive effects on z-values, while the effect of disturbance varies depending on type and intensity. These patterns and the differences among taxonomic groups can be explained via the effects of these drivers on the mean occupancy of species, which is mathematically linked to beta diversity. The Bavarian Research Alliance (via the BayIntAn scheme) and the Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER) funded the initial GrassPlot workshop during which the database was established and the current paper was initiated (grants to JDe). WU acknowledges support from the Polish National Science Centre (grant 2017/27/B/NZ8/00316). IB, JAC and IG-M were funded by the Basque Government (IT936-16). GF carried out the research in the frame of the MIUR initiative "Department of excellence" (Law 232/2016). SBa was supported by the GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00019 project. CM was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (grant no. 19-28491X) and the Basque Government (IT936-16). ID was supported by the Polish National Science Centre (grant DEC-2013/09/N/NZ8/03234) and by a Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship for Postdocs (ESKAS No. 2019.0491). MJ was supported by the Slovak Academy of Sciences (grant VEGA 02/0095/19). AN was supported by a " Master Plan Project" in the University of Mazandaran, Iran. DS was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (grant no. 20-29554X). AK, IV and DV were supported by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine (project no. 2020.01/0140). JDo was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (GA17-19376S) and LTAUSA18007 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2021

8. Benchmarking plant diversity of Palaearctic grasslands and other open habitats

Author

Monika Janišová, Georgios Fotiadis, Honor C. Prentice, Farshid Memariani, Ivan I. Moysiyenko, Pavel Lustyk, Zdenka Preislerová, Hristo Pedashenko, Francesco Santi, Atushi Ushimaru, Steffen Boch, Galina Savchenko, Fabrizio Buldrini, Irena Axmanová, Milan Chytrý, Jiri Dolezal, Denys Vynokurov, Marta Czarniecka-Wiera, Zdeňka Lososová, Robert K. Peet, Simon Stifter, Ricarda Pätsch, Koenraad Van Meerbeek, Alba Gutiérrez-Girón, Simona Maccherini, András Kelemen, Thomas Becker, Michal Hájek, Christian Pedersen, Stefan Widmer, Remigiusz Pielech, Vladimir Ronkin, Kai Jensen, Anna Wróbel, Cristina Chocarro, Sebastian Świerszcz, Lei Deng, Arkadiusz Nowak, Luisa Conti, Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard, Swantje Löbel, Jonathan Etzold, Jan Peters, Hans Henrik Bruun, Elisabeth M. Hüllbusch, Anna Kuzemko, Martin Magnes, Rayna Natcheva, Riccardo Guarino, Joaquín Molero Mesa, Vasco Silva, Pavel Dřevojan, Iuliia Vasheniak, Jan Lepš, Péter Török, Timo Conradi, Marcin Nobis, Aaron Pérez-Haase, Yun Wang, María Rosa Fernández Calzado, Ilaria Bonini, Massimo Terzi, Meelis Pärtel, Liqing Zhao, Csaba Tölgyesi, Frank Weiser, Philipp Kirschner, Juan Antonio Campos, Zuzana Plesková, László Demeter, George Fayvush, Asun Berastegi, Behlül Güler, Diego Liendo, Nancy Langer, Manfred Finckh, Martin Diekmann, Florian Jeltsch, Anke Jentsch, Robin J. Pakeman, Tobias Ceulemans, Javier Etayo, Orsolya Valkó, Carly J. Stevens, Kaoru Kakinuma, Michele Aleffi, Jiří Danihelka, Alicia Teresa Rosario Acosta, Balázs Teleki, Laura M. E. Sutcliffe, Solvita Rusina, Rosario G. Gavilán, Pieter De Frenne, Michele Mugnai, Arantzazu L. Luzuriaga, Marc Olivier Büchler, Lubomír Tichý, Soroor Rahmanian, Zsolt Molnár, Itziar García-Mijangos, Jürgen Dengler, Harald Pauli, Asuka Koyama, Anvar Sanaei, Cecilia Dupré, Parvaneh Ashouri, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Ute Jandt, Zoltán Bátori, François Gillet, Alla Aleksanyan, Ariel Bergamini, Corrado Marcenò, Constantin Mardari, Nadezda Tsarevskaya, José Luis Benito Alonso, Łukasz Kozub, Ottar Michelsen, Felix May, Goffredo Filibeck, Jan Roleček, Jalil Noroozi, Karsten Wesche, Eva Šmerdová, Michael Manthey, Triin Reitalu, Ana M. Sánchez, Eszter Ruprecht, Regina Lindborg, Idoia Biurrun, Risto Virtanen, Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo, Helmut Mayrhofer, Annika K. Jägerbrand, Mansoureh Kargar, Chrisoula B. Pirini, Dariia Shyriaieva, Sabina Burrascano, Esther Baumann, Christian Dolnik, Kristina Merunková, Ching-Feng Li, Eliane S. Meier, Kuber Prasad Bhatta, Mercedes Herrera, Klaus Ecker, Mohammad Farzam, Marta Torca, Nele Ingerpuu, Philippe Jeanneret, Francesco de Bello, Alireza Naqinezhad, Tünde Farkas, Elena Belonovskaya, Josep M. Ninot, Elias Afif, Munemitsu Akasaka, Lorenzo Lazzaro, András Vojtkó, Leonardo Rosati, Jianshuang Wu, Arshad Ali, Sándor Bartha, Zuoqiang Yuan, Wenhong Ma, Patryk Czortek, Marta Carboni, Franz Essl, Hannah J. White, Carmen Van Mechelen, Brigitta Erschbamer, Marek Malicki, Vasyl Budzhak, Jutta Kapfer, Manuela Winkler, Angela Lomba, Hamid Ejtehadi, Judit Sonkoly, Ingrid Turisová, Thomas Vanneste, Laura Cancellieri, Sonja Škornik, David Zelený, Zygmunt Kącki, Alessandro Chiarucci, Salza Palpurina, Sigrid Suchrow, Kathrin Kiehl, Amir Talebi, Beata Cykowska-Marzencka, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Nataša Pipenbaher, Frank Yonghong Li, Wendy Fjellstad, Ivana Vitasović-Kosić, Maria Pilar Rodríguez-Rojo, Álvaro Bueno, Daniele Viciani, Juha M. Alatalo, Emelie Waldén, Sahar Ghafari, Grzegorz Swacha, Anna Mária Csergő, Lu Wen, Balázs Deák, Ioannis Tsiripidis, Luis Villar, Maria-Teresa Sebastià, Svetlana Aćić, Halime Moradi, Kiril Vassilev, Daniel García-Magro, Sebastian Wolfrum, Iva Apostolova, Marko Sabovljevic, Giovanna Potenza, Monika Staniaszek-Kik, Iwona Dembicz, Aveliina Helm, Marta Czarnocka-Cieciura, Marta Gaia Sperandii, John-Arvid Grytnes, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Biurrun I., Pielech R., Dembicz I., Gillet F., Kozub L., Marceno C., Reitalu T., Van Meerbeek K., Guarino R., Chytry M., Pakeman R.J., Preislerova Z., Axmanova I., Burrascano S., Bartha S., Boch S., Bruun H.H., Conradi T., De Frenne P., Essl F., Filibeck G., Hajek M., Jimenez-Alfaro B., Kuzemko A., Molnar Z., Partel M., Patsch R., Prentice H.C., Rolecek J., Sutcliffe L.M.E., Terzi M., Winkler M., Wu J., Acic S., Acosta A.T.R., Afif E., Akasaka M., Alatalo J.M., Aleffi M., Aleksanyan A., Ali A., Apostolova I., Ashouri P., Batori Z., Baumann E., Becker T., Belonovskaya E., Benito Alonso J.L., Berastegi A., Bergamini A., Bhatta K.P., Bonini I., Buchler M.-O., Budzhak V., Bueno A., Buldrini F., Campos J.A., Cancellieri L., Carboni M., Ceulemans T., Chiarucci A., Chocarro C., Conti L., Csergo A.M., Cykowska-Marzencka B., Czarniecka-Wiera M., Czarnocka-Cieciura M., Czortek P., Danihelka J., de Bello F., Deak B., Demeter L., Deng L., Diekmann M., Dolezal J., Dolnik C., Drevojan P., Dupre C., Ecker K., Ejtehadi H., Erschbamer B., Etayo J., Etzold J., Farkas T., Farzam M., Fayvush G., Fernandez Calzado M.R., Finckh M., Fjellstad W., Fotiadis G., Garcia-Magro D., Garcia-Mijangos I., Gavilan R.G., Germany M., Ghafari S., Giusso del Galdo G.P., Grytnes J.-A., Guler B., Gutierrez-Giron A., Helm A., Herrera M., Hullbusch E.M., Ingerpuu N., Jagerbrand A.K., Jandt U., Janisova M., Jeanneret P., Jeltsch F., Jensen K., Jentsch A., Kacki Z., Kakinuma K., Kapfer J., Kargar M., Kelemen A., Kiehl K., Kirschner P., Koyama A., Langer N., Lazzaro L., Leps J., Li C.-F., Li F.Y., Liendo D., Lindborg R., Lobel S., Lomba A., Lososova Z., Lustyk P., Luzuriaga A.L., Ma W., Maccherini S., Magnes M., Malicki M., Manthey M., Mardari C., May F., Mayrhofer H., Meier E.S., Memariani F., Merunkova K., Michelsen O., Molero Mesa J., Moradi H., Moysiyenko I., Mugnai M., Naqinezhad A., Natcheva R., Ninot J.M., Nobis M., Noroozi J., Nowak A., Onipchenko V., Palpurina S., Pauli H., Pedashenko H., Pedersen C., Peet R.K., Perez-Haase A., Peters J., Pipenbaher N., Pirini C., Pladevall-Izard E., Pleskova Z., Potenza G., Rahmanian S., Rodriguez-Rojo M.P., Ronkin V., Rosati L., Ruprecht E., Rusina S., Sabovljevic M., Sanaei A., Sanchez A.M., Santi F., Savchenko G., Sebastia M.T., Shyriaieva D., Silva V., Skornik S., Smerdova E., Sonkoly J., Sperandii M.G., Staniaszek-Kik M., Stevens C., Stifter S., Suchrow S., Swacha G., Swierszcz S., Talebi A., Teleki B., Tichy L., Tolgyesi C., Torca M., Torok P., Tsarevskaya N., Tsiripidis I., Turisova I., Ushimaru A., Valko O., Van Mechelen C., Vanneste T., Vasheniak I., Vassilev K., Viciani D., Villar L., Virtanen R., Vitasovic-Kosic I., Vojtko A., Vynokurov D., Walden E., Wang Y., Weiser F., Wen L., Wesche K., White H., Widmer S., Wolfrum S., Wrobel A., Yuan Z., Zeleny D., Zhao L., Dengler J., Biurrun, Idoia, Pielech, Remigiusz, Dembicz, Iwona, Gillet, Françoi, Kozub, Łukasz, Marcenò, Corrado, Reitalu, Triin, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Guarino, Riccardo, Chytrý, Milan, Pakeman, Robin J., Preislerová, Zdenka, Axmanová, Irena, Burrascano, Sabina, Bartha, Sándor, Boch, Steffen, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Conradi, Timo, De Frenne, Pieter, Essl, Franz, Filibeck, Goffredo, Hájek, Michal, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Kuzemko, Anna, Molnár, Zsolt, Pärtel, Meeli, Pätsch, Ricarda, Prentice, Honor C., Roleček, Jan, Sutcliffe, Laura M.E., Terzi, Massimo, Winkler, Manuela, Wu, Jianshuang, Aćić, Svetlana, Acosta, Alicia T.R., Afif, Elia, Akasaka, Munemitsu, Alatalo, Juha M., Aleffi, Michele, Aleksanyan, Alla, Ali, Arshad, Apostolova, Iva, Ashouri, Parvaneh, Bátori, Zoltán, Baumann, Esther, Becker, Thoma, Belonovskaya, Elena, Benito Alonso, José Lui, Berastegi, Asun, Bergamini, Ariel, Bhatta, Kuber Prasad, Bonini, Ilaria, Büchler, Marc‐Olivier, Budzhak, Vasyl, Bueno, Álvaro, Buldrini, Fabrizio, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cancellieri, Laura, Carboni, Marta, Ceulemans, Tobia, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Chocarro, Cristina, Conti, Luisa, Csergő, Anna Mária, Cykowska‐Marzencka, Beata, Czarniecka‐Wiera, Marta, Czarnocka‐Cieciura, Marta, Czortek, Patryk, Danihelka, Jiří, de Bello, Francesco, Deák, Baláz, Demeter, László, Deng, Lei, Diekmann, Martin, Dolezal, Jiri, Dolnik, Christian, Dřevojan, Pavel, Dupré, Cecilia, Ecker, Klau, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Etayo, Javier, Etzold, Jonathan, Farkas, Tünde, Farzam, Mohammad, Fayvush, George, Fernández Calzado, María Rosa, Finckh, Manfred, Fjellstad, Wendy, Fotiadis, Georgio, García‐Magro, Daniel, García‐Mijangos, Itziar, Gavilán, Rosario G., Germany, Marku, Ghafari, Sahar, Giusso del Galdo, Gian Pietro, Grytnes, John‐Arvid, Güler, Behlül, Gutiérrez‐Girón, Alba, Helm, Aveliina, Herrera, Mercede, Hüllbusch, Elisabeth M., Ingerpuu, Nele, Jägerbrand, Annika K., Jandt, Ute, Janišová, Monika, Jeanneret, Philippe, Jeltsch, Florian, Jensen, Kai, Jentsch, Anke, Kącki, Zygmunt, Kakinuma, Kaoru, Kapfer, Jutta, Kargar, Mansoureh, Kelemen, Andrá, Kiehl, Kathrin, Kirschner, Philipp, Koyama, Asuka, Langer, Nancy, Lazzaro, Lorenzo, Lepš, Jan, Li, Ching‐Feng, Li, Frank Yonghong, Liendo, Diego, Lindborg, Regina, Löbel, Swantje, Lomba, Angela, Lososová, Zdeňka, Lustyk, Pavel, Luzuriaga, Arantzazu L., Ma, Wenhong, Maccherini, Simona, Magnes, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Manthey, Michael, Mardari, Constantin, May, Felix, Mayrhofer, Helmut, Meier, Eliane Seraina, Memariani, Farshid, Merunková, Kristina, Michelsen, Ottar, Molero Mesa, Joaquín, Moradi, Halime, Moysiyenko, Ivan, Mugnai, Michele, Naqinezhad, Alireza, Natcheva, Rayna, Ninot, Josep M., Nobis, Marcin, Noroozi, Jalil, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Palpurina, Salza, Pauli, Harald, Pedashenko, Hristo, Pedersen, Christian, Peet, Robert K., Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Peters, Jan, Pipenbaher, Nataša, Pirini, Chrisoula, Pladevall‐Izard, Eulàlia, Plesková, Zuzana, Potenza, Giovanna, Rahmanian, Soroor, Rodríguez‐Rojo, Maria Pilar, Ronkin, Vladimir, Rosati, Leonardo, Ruprecht, Eszter, Rusina, Solvita, Sabovljević, Marko, Sanaei, Anvar, Sánchez, Ana M., Santi, Francesco, Savchenko, Galina, Sebastià, Maria Teresa, Shyriaieva, Dariia, Silva, Vasco, Škornik, Sonja, Šmerdová, Eva, Sonkoly, Judit, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Staniaszek‐Kik, Monika, Stevens, Carly, Stifter, Simon, Suchrow, Sigrid, Swacha, Grzegorz, Świerszcz, Sebastian, Talebi, Amir, Teleki, Baláz, Tichý, Lubomír, Tölgyesi, Csaba, Torca, Marta, Török, Péter, Tsarevskaya, Nadezda, Tsiripidis, Ioanni, Turisova, Ingrid, Ushimaru, Atushi, Valkó, Orsolya, Van Mechelen, Carmen, Vanneste, Thoma, Vasheniak, Iuliia, Vassilev, Kiril, Viciani, Daniele, Villar, Lui, Virtanen, Risto, Vitasović‐Kosić, Ivana, Vojtkó, Andrá, Vynokurov, Deny, Waldén, Emelie, Wang, Yun, Weiser, Frank, Wen, Lu, Wesche, Karsten, White, Hannah, Widmer, Stefan, Wolfrum, Sebastian, Wróbel, Anna, Yuan, Zuoqiang, Zelený, David, Zhao, Liqing, Dengler, Jürgen, Bavarian Research Foundation, International Association for Vegetation Science, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Czech Science Foundation, Estonian Research Council, Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Science and Technology Center in Ukraine, Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, Swedish Institute, Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Hebei Province, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Tyrolean Science Fund, Austrian Academy of Sciences, University of Innsbruck, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Comunidad de Madrid, National Geographic Society, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), National Science Centre (Poland), Russian Science Foundation, University of Latvia Foundation, Slovenian Research Agency, Biurrun, I, Pielech, R, Dembicz, I, Gillet, F, Kozub, L, Marceno, C, Reitalu, T, Van Meerbeek, K, Guarino, R, Chytry, M, Pakeman, RJ, Preislerova, Z, Axmanova, I, Burrascano, S, Bartha, S, Boch, S, Bruun, HH, Conradi, T, De Frenne, P, Essl, F, Filibeck, G, Hajek, M, Jimenez-Alfaro, B, Kuzemko, A, MOLNAR, Zsolt, Partel, M, Patsch, R, Prentice, HC, Rolecek, J, Sutcliffe, LME, Terzi, M, Winkler, M, Wu, JS, Acic, S, Acosta, ATR, Afif, E, Akasaka, M, Alatalo, JM, Aleffi, M, Aleksanyan, A, Ali, A, Apostolova, I, Ashouri, P, Batori, Z, Baumann, E, BECKER, T, Belonovskaya, E, Alonso, JLB, Berastegi, A, Bergamini, A, Bhatta, KP, Bonini, I, Buchler, MO, Budzhak, V, Bueno, A, Buldrini, F, Campos, JA, Cancellieri, L, Carboni, M, Ceulemans, T, Chiarucci, A, Chocarro, C, Conti, L, Csergo, AM, Cykowska-Marzencka, B, Czarniecka-Wiera, M, Czarnocka-Cieciura, M, Czortek, P, Danihelka, J, Bello, F, Deak, B, Demeter, L, Deng, L, Diekmann, M, Dolezal, J, Dolnik, C, Drevojan, P, Dupre, C, Ecker, K, Ejtehadi, H, Erschbamer, B, Etayo, J, Etzold, J, Farkas, T, Farzam, M, Fayvush, G, Calzado, MRF, Finckh, M, Fjellstad, W, Fotiadis, G, Garcia-Magro, D, Garcia-Mijangos, I, Gavilan, RG, Germany, M, Ghafari, S, del Galdo, GPG, Grytnes, JA, Guler, B, Gutierrez-Giron, A, Helm, A, Herrera, M, Hullbusch, EM, Ingerpuu, N, Jagerbrand, AK, Jandt, U, Janisova, M, Jeanneret, P, Jeltsch, F, Jensen, K, Jentsch, A, Kacki, Z, Kakinuma, K, Kapfer, J, Kargar, M, Kelemen, A, Kiehl, K, Kirschner, P, Koyama, A, Langer, N, Lazzaro, L, Leps, J, Li, CF, Li, FY, Liendo, D, Lindborg, R, Lobel, S, Lomba, A, Lososova, Z, Lustyk, P, Luzuriaga, AL, Ma, WH, Maccherini, S, Magnes, M, Malicki, M, Manthey, M, Mardari, C, May, F, Mayrhofer, H, Meier, ES, Memariani, F, Merunkova, K, Michelsen, O, Mesa, JM, Moradi, H, Moysiyenko, I, Mugnai, M, Naqinezhad, A, Natcheva, R, Ninot, JM, Nobis, M, Noroozi, J, Nowak, A, Onipchenko, V, Palpurina, S, Pauli, H, Pedashenko, H, Pedersen, C, Peet, RK, Perez-Haase, A, Peters, J, Pipenbaher, N, Pirini, C, Pladevall-Izard, E, Pleskova, Z, Potenza, G, Rahmanian, S, Rodriguez-Rojo, MP, Ronkin, V, Rosati, L, Ruprecht, E, Rusina, S, Sabovljevic, M, Sanaei, A, Sanchez, AM, Santi, F, Savchenko, G, Sebastia, MT, Shyriaieva, D, Silva, V, Skornik, S, Smerdova, E, Sonkoly, J, Sperandii, MG, Staniaszek-Kik, M, Stevens, C, Stifter, S, Suchrow, S, Swacha, G, Swierszcz, S, Talebi, A, Teleki, B, Tichy, L, Tolgyesi, C, Torca, M, Torok, P, Tsarevskaya, N, Tsiripidis, I, Turisova, I, Ushimaru, A, Valko, O, VAN MECHELEN, Carmen, Vanneste, T, Vasheniak, I, Vassilev, K, Viciani, D, Villar, L, Virtanen, R, Vitasovic-Kosic, I, Vojtko, A, Vynokurov, D, Walden, E, Wang, Y., Weiser, F, Wen, L, Wesche, K, White, H, Widmer, S, Wolfrum, S, Wrobel, A, Yuan, ZQ, Zeleny, D, Zhao, LQ, Dengler, J., Jiménez‐alfaro, Borja, Sutcliffe, Laura M. E., Acosta, Alicia, Büchler, Marc‐olivier, Cykowska‐marzencka, Beata, Czarniecka‐wiera, Marta, Czarnocka‐cieciura, Marta, Bello, Francesco, García‐magro, Daniel, García‐mijangos, Itziar, Grytnes, John‐arvid, Gutiérrez‐girón, Alba, Li, Ching‐feng, Pérez‐haase, Aaron, Pladevall‐izard, Eulàlia, Rodríguez‐rojo, Maria Pilar, Staniaszek‐kik, Monika, Turisová, Ingrid, and Vitasović‐kosić, Ivana

Subjects
Vascular plant, SURROGATE, 333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete, Biome, Lichen, open habitat, Plant Science, DATABASES, Benchmark, Grassland, Scale dependence, benchmark, RICHNESS HOTSPOTS, Vegetation type, Taxonomic rank, SCALE, Macroecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, bryophyte, GLOBAL PATTERNS, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Open habitat, vascular plant, Forestry, ichen, Vegetation, Vegetation plot, Palaearctic, 580: Pflanzen (Botanik), Geography, Habitat, scale dependence, fine-grain biodiversity, grassland, GrassPlot Diversity Explorer, lichen, species–area relationship, vegetation plot, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, CONSERVATION, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Fine-grain biodiversity, benchmark, bryophyte, fine-grain biodiversity, grassland, GrassPlot Diversity Explorer, lichen, open habitat, Palaearctic, scale dependence, species–area relationship, vascular plant, vegetation plot, species-area relationship, benchmark, bryophyte, fine-grain biodiversity, grassland, GrassPlot Diversity Explorer, lichen, open habitat, Palaearctic, scale dependence, species-area relationship, vascular plant, vegetation plot, Species–area relationship, Science & Technology, Plant Sciences, Biology and Life Sciences, 15. Life on land, plant diversity, 13. Climate action, Bryophyte, SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIPS, VASCULAR PLANTS, BIODIVERSITY, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, BRYOPHYTES
Abstract

© 2021 The Authors., Aims: Understanding fine-grain diversity patterns across large spatial extents is fundamental for macroecological research and biodiversity conservation. Using the GrassPlot database, we provide benchmarks of fine-grain richness values of Palaearctic open habitats for vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and complete vegetation (i.e., the sum of the former three groups). Location: Palaearctic biogeographic realm. Methods: We used 126,524 plots of eight standard grain sizes from the GrassPlot database: 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 m and calculated the mean richness and standard deviations, as well as maximum, minimum, median, and first and third quartiles for each combination of grain size, taxonomic group, biome, region, vegetation type and phytosociological class. Results: Patterns of plant diversity in vegetation types and biomes differ across grain sizes and taxonomic groups. Overall, secondary (mostly semi-natural) grasslands and natural grasslands are the richest vegetation type. The open-access file ”GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks” and the web tool “GrassPlot Diversity Explorer” are now available online (https://edgg.org/databases/GrasslandDiversityExplorer) and provide more insights into species richness patterns in the Palaearctic open habitats. Conclusions: The GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks provide high-quality data on species richness in open habitat types across the Palaearctic. These benchmark data can be used in vegetation ecology, macroecology, biodiversity conservation and data quality checking. While the amount of data in the underlying GrassPlot database and their spatial coverage are smaller than in other extensive vegetation-plot databases, species recordings in GrassPlot are on average more complete, making it a valuable complementary data source in macroecology., GrassPlot development has been supported by the Bavarian Research Alliance (BayIntAn_UBT_2017_58), the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and the International Association for Vegetation Science (IAVS); IB, CorM, JAC, IGM, DGM, MHe, DL and MTo were supported by the Basque Government (IT936‐16); CorM, IAx, MCh, JDa, PD, MHá, ZL, ZPr, EŠ and LT were supported by the Czech Science Foundation (19‐28491X); TR was supported by the Estonian Research Council (PUT1173); RJP was funded by the Strategic Research Programme of the Scottish Government’s Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services Division”; SBa was supported by the GINOP‐2.3.2‐15‐2016‐00019 project; GFi was partially supported by the MIUR initiative “Department of excellence” (Law 232/2016)"; BJA was funded by the Spanish Research Agency (grant AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033); AK, VB, IM, DS, IV and DV were supported by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine (2020.01/0140); MP and AH were supported by the Estonian Research Council (PRG874, PRG609), and the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange); Data collection of HCP was funded by FORMAS (Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Science and Spatial Planning) and The Swedish Institute; JR was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (grant No. 20‐09895S) and the long‐term developmental project of the Czech Academy of Sciences (RVO 67985939); ATRA was funded by the Grant of Excellence Departments, MIUR‐Italy (ARTICOLO 1, COMMI 314 – 337 LEGGE 232/2016); JMA was supported by Carl Tryggers stiftelse för vetenskaplig forskning and Qatar Petroleum; AAli was supported by the Jiangsu Science and Technology Special Project (Grant No. BX2019084), and Metasequoia Faculty Research Startup Funding at Nanjing Forestry University (Grant No. 163010230), and he is currently supported by Hebei University through Faculty Research Startup Funding Program; ZB was supported by the NKFI K 124796 grant; The GLORIA‐ Aragón project of JLBA was funded by the Dirección General de Cambio Climático del Gobierno de Aragón (Spain); MCs and LDem were supported by DG Environment through the European Forum on Nature Conservation and Pastoralism and Barbara Knowles Fund, in collaboration with Pogány‐havas Association, Romania; JDa was partially supported by long‐term research development project no. RVO 67985939 of the Czech Academy of Sciences; BD and OV were supported by the NKFI KH 126476, NKFI KH 130338, NKFI FK 124404 and NKFI FK 135329 grants; BD, OV and AKe were supported by the Bolyai János Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; BE was funded by the Environmental Department of the Tyrolean Federal State Government, the MAB Programme of the Austrian Academy of Science, the Mountain Agriculture Research Unit and the Alpine Research Centre Obergurgl of Innsbruck University. The GLORIA projects of BE were funded by the EU project no. EVK2‐CT‐2000‐00056, the Earth System Sciences Program of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (project MEDIALPS), the Amt für Naturparke, Autonome Provinz Bozen‐Südtirol, the Südtiroler Wissenschaftsfonds and the Tiroler Wissenschaftsfonds; RGG was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Research to sample GLORIA sites in central Spain (CGL 2008‐00901/BOS) and present works by the Autonomous Region of Madrid (REMEDINAL TE‐CM, S2018/EMT‐4338); MJ was supporteLatviaed by Latvia Grant No. 194051; NP and SŠ were partly supported by the Slovenian Research Agency, core fundings P1‐0403 and J7‐1822.

Published
2021

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