Search

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, is characterized by chronic inflammation that could be a risk factor for extraintestinal cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether inflammatory bowel disease is related to the risk of lower urinary tract tumors. METHODS: A systematical research was performed on various medical databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science from inception to April 2020. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria were used to assess the quality of included articles. The analysis was completed by STATA version 14.2. RESULTS: Six hundred and twelve of records were initially identified and 16 studies were included in the final analysis. In general, inflammatory bowel disease patients were not at increased risk of prostate cancer, bladder cancer and male genital cancer. In the subgroup analysis, Crohn’s disease patients seemed to have borderline increased risk of prostate cancer [standardized incidence ratio: 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90–1.21; I(2)=15.1%] and bladder cancer (standardized incidence ratio: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.94–1.44; I(2)=0.0%), and ulcerative colitis patients seemed to have borderline increased risk of prostate cancer (standardized incidence ratio: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.93–1.33; I(2)=73.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory bowel disease did not significantly increase the risk of prostate cancer, bladder cancer and male genital cancer. Crohn’s disease patients seemed to have a higher risk of prostate cancer and bladder cancer, and ulcerative colitis patients seemed to have a higher risk of prostate cancer. ulcerative colitis patients in East Asian countries have significantly increased prostate cancer risk.

Previous studies have included a limited number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and compared limited parameters after treatment with imidafenacin and other anticholinergic drugs (ADs) for overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), and controversy about the superiority of these ADs still remains. We aim to update the evidence and provide better clinical guidance. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrial.gov and Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted from January 2007 to April 2019. Meta-analysis of all published RCTs comparing imidafenacin with other ADs in patients with OAB was performed. The primary outcomes were the changes in OAB symptoms and OAB symptom score (OABSS). Secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs) and the dropout rate related to AEs. A total of 6 studies including 7 RCTs involving 1430 patients with mean follow-up of 23.43 weeks were included. All ADs improved OAB symptoms. Regarding efficacy, these drugs had similar efficacy in voids, urgency episodes, urgency incontinence episodes, incontinence episodes and OABSS. However, imidafenacin performed better in the reduction of nocturia episodes (MD = –0.24, 95% CI –0.44 to –0.04, P = 0.02). Moreover, imidafenacin was associated with a statistically lower dry mouth rate (RR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.75–1.00, P = 0.04), lower constipation rate (RR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.50–0.93, P = 0.01) and lower AE-related withdrawal rate (RR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.29–0.89, P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in terms of other complications. In conclusion, imidafenacin was comparable to other ADs in the treatment of OAB. Moreover, imidafenacin presented a lower dry mouth rate, lower constipation rate and higher adherence and persistence.

Purpose Previous study included limited number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and compared limited parameters post the treatment of imidafenacin and other anticholinergic drugs (ADs) for overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) and controversy about the superiority of those ADs still remains. We aim to update the evidence and provide better clinical guidance. Methods A systematic search in PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrial.gov, and Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted from January 2007 to April 2019. Meta-analysis of all published RCTs comparing imidafenacin with other ADs in patients with OAB was performed. The primary outcomes were the changes in OAB symptoms and OAB Symptom Score (OABSS). Secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs) and dropout rate related to AEs. Results A total of 6 studies including 7 RCTs involving 1,430 patients with mean follow-up of 23.43 weeks were included. All ADs improved OAB symptoms. In regard to efficacy, those drugs had similar efficacy in voids, urgency episodes, urgency incontinence episodes, incontinence episodes and in OABSS. However, Imidafenacin had a better performance in the reduction of nocturia episodes (MD=-0.24, 95%CI -0.44 to-0.04, P=0.02). Moreover, Imidafenacin was associated with statistically lower dry mouth rate (RR=0.87, 95%CI 0.75-1.00, P=0.04), lower constipation rate (RR=0.68, 95%CI 0.50-0.93, P=0.01) and lower AE-related withdrawal rate (RR=0.51, 95%CI 0.29-0.89, P=0.02). There was no significant difference in terms of other complications. Conclusions In conclusion, Imidafenacin was comparable with other ADs in the treatment of OAB. Moreover, imidafenacin presented lower dry mouth rate, lower constipation rate and higher adherence and persistence.