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Introduction and hypothesis: Several mesh repair systems for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) were introduced into clinical practice with limited data on safety, complications or success rates, and impact on sexual function. The Austrian Urogynecology Working Group initiated a registry to assess the use of transvaginal mesh devices for POP repair. We looked at perioperative data, as well as outcomes at 3 and 12 months. Methods: Between 2006 and 2010 a total of 20 gynecology departments in Austria participated in the Transvaginal Mesh Registry. Case report forms were completed to gather data on operations, the postoperative course, and results at 3 and 12 months. Results: A total of 726 transvaginal procedures with 10 different transvaginal kits were registered. Intra- and perioperative complications were reported in 6.8 %. The most common complication was increased intraoperative bleeding (2.2 %). Bladder and bowel perforation occurred in 6 (0.8 %) and 2 (0.3 %) cases. Mesh exposure was seen in 11 % at 3 and in 12 % at 12 months. 24 (10 %) previously asymptomatic patients developed bowel symptoms by 1 year. De novo bladder symptoms were reported in 39 (10 %) at 3 and in 26 (11 %) at 12 months. Dyspareunia was reported by 7 % and 10 % of 265 and 181 sexually active patients at 3 and 12 months postoperatively respectively. Conclusions: The 6.8 % rate of intra- and perioperative complications is in line with previous reports. Visceral injury was rare. The 12 % rate of mesh exposure is consistent with previous series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]