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Urinary diversions are surgical procedures that reconstruct the lower urinary tract following cystectomy. The 2 common surgical approaches are based on the continence status of the urinary tract. Incontinent diversions have continuous urine drainage through a cutaneous stoma, whereas continent diversions offer the patient the ability to self-void either via stoma catheterization or with the patient's own urethra. Given the large number of diversion procedures available, postsurgical anatomy may be complex. Multiple imaging modalities can be used to assess the postprocedural anatomy, potential complications, and for on-going oncologic monitoring. The purpose of this review is to describe the common surgical techniques and associated complications., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Objectives: To determine the feasibility of laparoscopic augmentation cystoplasty (LAC) in the porcine model and to compare LAC using standard bowel vs a small intestinal submucosa (SIS) allograft., Materials and Methods: Fourteen female pigs underwent LAC; six had standard ileal AC and eight AC with SIS. All the pigs had limited cystometrogram studies before surgery to determine bladder capacity. At 6 weeks after surgery the pigs were anaesthetized, the bladder capacities were re-assessed and then the pigs were killed; the bladders were harvested and examined histologically., Results: In all, 12 of 14 pigs completed the 6-week survival period; two pigs from the SIS group died from urinary ascites secondary to anastomotic leaks at the cystoplasty site. There were no complications in the ileal augmentation group. The operative duration was similar in both groups. The bladder capacities increased significantly in both groups, although more reliably in the native ileum group. In two pigs in the SIS group there was no increase in bladder capacity., Conclusions: LAC is feasible in the porcine model and results in a significant increase in bladder capacity. AC using SIS does not appear to increase bladder capacity as reliably as native ileum, and has a higher complication rate.