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We report a case of neoplasm of the urinary bladder with pseudosarcomatous stromal differentiation. Heterologous carcinosarcomas are extremely rare malignant neoplasms (seventy-eight cases have been previously described). This is a case of carcinoma containing numerous osteoclast type giant cells that stained for vinmentin and acid phosphatase and were negative for cytokeratin and lysozyme.

Objective: To report a case of urothelial tumor of the bladder in a 17-year-old patient that required emergency surgical treatment due to acute hematuria., Methods: The clinical history, anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings are described., Results: A 17-year-old patient with no remarkable clinical history, consulted at the emergency services for gross hematuria of sudden onset that caused anemia and was refractory to conservative management. Patient evaluation disclosed a bladder lesion that required immediate resection via the transurethral approach to control bleeding. The pathological analysis demonstrated a grade I, Jewett stage 0, pTaN0M0 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder., Conclusions: Urothelial tumors of the bladder are uncommon in patients less than 40 years old. The case described herein is uncommon because of the patient's age and the form of presentation of the tumor, which required emergency surgical treatment. Follow-up and subsequent therapy should be based on the pathological characteristics of the tumor rather the age of the patient.

Objective: One of the basic characteristics of urothelial carcinoma is its tendency to synchronous or metachronous multifocality. Thus the need to explore the entire urinary tract of patients with urothelial neoformations. The aim of this article is to study the tumors of the upper urinary tract that appear synchronously with infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder. The clinicopathological characteristics and the morbidity and mortality of en bloc surgery of both tumors are analyzed., Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 170 radical cystectomies for infiltrating bladder tumor performed in our department over a 13-year period. Patient history, clinicopathological characteristics, complementary tests, type of surgery performed, postoperative complications and follow-up were analyzed., Results: Tumor of the upper urinary tract appeared in 14 (1 bilateral) of these patients and were synchronous in 10 cases. All patients were male; mean age 63 years. Three were localized in the pelvis, 2 in the proximal ureter and 6 in the distal third. Diagnosis was made by IVP in 6 patients and by US and antegrade pyelography in the other 4 patients. Nephroureterectomy and radical cystectomy were performed en bloc in 8 cases; 6 had a Bricker procedure and 2 ileal substitution. Salvage radical cystectomy + distal ureterectomy were performed in the other two patients. Two patients submitted to en bloc surgery had postoperative complications; one presented prolonged ileua and the other required surgery for retroperitoneal hemorrhage. The two patients submitted to palliative surgery died of and sepsis during the postoperative period. At 33 months' mean follow-up, 3 patients have shown tumor progression., Conclusions: There is a high proportion of synchronous tumor of the upper urinary tract in our series of patients with infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder undergoing radical cystectomy, therefore we consider it necessary to explore the entire urinary system. Surgical removal of both tumors en bloc does not increase the morbidity and mortality.