Search

Coastal ecosystems are recognized as complex and sensitive, and they are also unique due to the mutual influences of marine and continental processes, as well as social actions that impact them. The coastline, whether in its naturais state or influenced by human activities, undergoes periodic movements of advance and retreat, which can pose risks to ecosystems and adjacent urban areas. This work presents results on the rates of coastal mobility at the national scale and some possible correlations with patterns of land use and occupancy in municipalities facing the sea. It was identified that the Brazilian coast is predominantly rural (87%), with forest vegetation as the predominant cover. Coastal erosion occurs along 32% of the Brazilian coast, with rates ranging from weak (7.4%) to extreme (11.2%), showing significant regional discrepancies. Areas where there is a tendency for coastal erosion in urbanized or occupied areas are found along approximately 10% of the Brazilian coast, but they are still relevant due to the significant population concentration in these areas. The good news is that the focus of coastal erosion analysis, aimed at mitigating its impacts, can be concentrated on the occupied areas with higher risks. At the federal level, it is considered necessary to deepen diagnoses using unified methods, make projections regarding climate change, and develop sectoral mitigation plans considering the specificities of each coastal region, while also establishing criteria for environmental licensing of projects that affect the stability of the coastline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]