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The first wave of environmental justice literature tended to define environmental racism as the disparate siting of toxic waste facilities in low‐income areas and communities of colour. More recently, environmental justice scholars have turned to a critical environmental justice framework to explore questions of spatial equity in relation to movements like Black Lives Matter. It is increasingly clear that the state, the built environment, economic development, and race converge in communities who face increased surveillance, divestment, and gentrification. Using Hyde Park on the South Side of Chicago as a case study, I draw on qualitative and historical methods to interrogate dominant narratives surrounding policing in urban environments. This paper highlights how Black geographies, as an analytic, highlight the intersection of police brutality and the built environment in Hyde Park. Legacies of urban renewal, now framed as neighbourhood revitalisation, and narratives around criminality and race all influence community police relations in the area. As the University of Chicago expands, so does its police force, and so do conflicts over who can use public spaces and how these spaces are used. I argue that institutions like the University of Chicago rely on the police to racially manage and expand their built environment. I also look to Black Lives Matter as a way to understand police brutality as enmeshed with toxic ecologies. This pairing of activism, ecology and policing allows a more nuanced analysis of the racialised underpinnings of the built environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an overview from a personal perspective on the various ways Lucas has shaped today's economics in general and in terms of 'Chicago economics' in particular. In honor of the 50th anniversary of its publication, much focus is given to his 1972 neutrality paper and its impact. I discuss how the paper was a trigger of the subsequent emergence of rational expectations macroeconomics. Further, I touch upon his fundamental contributions to growth theory, asset pricing and the characteristic use of the Bellman equations. After covering these topics, the paper concludes with a portrayal of the Money and Banking Workshop to describe the environment that Lucas established at the Chicago department, and to illustrate his enduring influence on the culture of teaching and discussing macroeconomics at the University of Chicago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While located at the University of Chicago, the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics advanced a distinctive "Cowles Commission approach" to macroeconomic modelling, using maximum likelihood methods to estimate structurally-identified Keynesian simultaneous-equations models, with the methods presented in two Cowles monographs edited or co-edited by Tjalling Koopmans, a pioneering implementation in another Cowles monograph by Lawrence Klein, and a polemical contrast with the earlier NBER approach in Koopmans's "Measurement Without Theory" critique of Arthur Burns and Wesley Mitchell. The Cowles approach to empirical methodology was vigorously contested at the University of Chicago by Milton Friedman (a former student of Burns and Mitchell), notably in Cowles seminars, in a defence of "Wesley Mitchell as an Economic Theorist" and at a 1949 NBER conference on business cycles. This paper examines the two contrasting approaches to empirical economics at the University of Chicago in the late 1940s and early 1950s, at the confrontations and exchanges between the two approaches, which contributed to the 1955 move of Cowles from Chicago to Yale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dual-polarization weather radars typically measure the radar reflectivity at more than one polarization state for transmission and reception. Historically, dual-polarization radars have been operated at copolar and cross-polar states defined with respect to the transmit polarization states. Recently, based on the improved understanding of the propagation properties of electromagnetic waves in precipitation media, the simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) mode has become common to simplify the hardware. In the STAR mode of operation, horizontal and vertical polarization states are transmitted simultaneously and samples of both horizontal and vertical copolar returns are obtained. A drawback of the current implementation of STAR mode is its inability to measure parameters obtained from cross-polar signals such as linear depolarization ratio (LDR). In this paper, a technique to obtain cross-polar signals with STAR mode waveform is presented. In this technique, the horizontally and vertically polarized transmit waveforms are coded with orthogonal phase sequences. The performance of the phase-coded waveform is determined by the properties of the phase codes. This orthogonal phase coding technique is implemented in the Colorado State University–University of Chicago–Illinois State Water Survey (CSU–CHILL) radar. This paper outlines the methodology and presents the performance of the cross-polar and copolar parameter estimation based on the simulation as well as data collected from the CSU–CHILL radar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In July 2000, Dr. William Hazzard published an article in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society entitled “So you think you want to lead an academic geriatric program?” My answer to that question the same month was “Yes,” as I agreed to become the chief of the newly established Section of Geriatrics at the University of Chicago. With about 3.5 years on the job now, I offer a more complete reply to Dr. Hazzard's query. Although his paper covered many important and practical issues to consider in looking at becoming a chief, this article provides a perspective on the academic geriatric leadership position based on a new chief's observations. Topics covered include pressures for and against becoming a chief, changing perspectives on goals and rewards, good help, mentoring, money problems/issues, support for the chief, and communication and relationships. It is hoped that these observations will be of use to geriatricians considering leading an academic geriatrics program and to other newly appointed chiefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on Richard Garwin, who has been an inventor and a scholar, an adviser to presidents, and a globe-trotting science-diplomat. Garwin has been one of the world's most influential scientists in the post-World War II era, and in a recent appearance at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)convention, his insights ranged across decades and issues. He described his work as an architect of the hydrogen bomb and his continuing efforts to check nuclear proliferation, and assessed a number of global security challenges. Garwin answered questions posed by David Kestenbaum, a science correspondent for National Public Radio Inc., before a packed auditorium at AAAS headquarters in Washington D.C. The 10 January event was organized by the AAAS Center for Science, Technology, and Security Policy, which seeks to advance the integration of science and public policy for national and international security. Since obtaining his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1949, Garwin has authored more than 500 papers, coauthored seven books, and received 45 patents in fields ranging from laser printing and mass data storage systems, to integrated circuit technology and mussel-washing.

The article presents information on a film made by Dziga Vertov "Man with a Movie Camera," with reference to University of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois, film historian Yuri Tsivian's observations on the movie. According to Tsivian one can really understand the movie "Man with a Movie Camera,"--even if one knows it like the back of one's hand-unless one has seen, "Kino-Pravda No. 18," or "State Kino-Calendar No. 47?" The latter theme is the one that Tsivian would have all the people recalled as one watchs "Man with a Movie Camera," in which there is a famous image of the Bolshoi made to collapse in on itself by means of visual tricks. But formal experimentation in the earlier newsreel comes chiefly in the form of the juxtaposition of shots taken at ground level with some taken of the crowd from far above, the point-of-view of the famous horse statues that grace the Bolshoi's roof. One might argue, that the main effect of having State "Kino-Calendar No. 47," in mind as one views "Man with a Movie Camera," is to underscore the huge gap between the 1925 newsreel and the 1929 film, both thematically and stylistically. Between the basic newsreels and the feature films, comes a sort of evolutionary missing link, the astonishing series of experimental "Kino-Pravda No. 18," features extraordinary 3-D titles constructed out of wood and paper by Aleksandr Rodchenko.

"Journal of Economic Studies" contain a comprehensive collection of previously published papers, and also some interesting new materials, relating to the controversy about the accuracy of economist Milton Friedman's depiction of the "oral tradition" in monetary economics at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, in the 1930s and 1940s. As such, the work is a notable addition to the scholarly literature.