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Sinanodonta cf. gibba (Benson in Cantor, 1842) Figs. 1–4, Table 1 Anodon gibbum Cantor (1842): 489. Sinanodonta gibba Kraszewski and Zdanowski (2001): 254; Izzatullaev and Boymurodov (2016): 17; Vinarski and Kantor (2016): 56. Anodonta woodiana Sarkany-Kiss (1986): 15; Watters (1997): 152 [partim]; Kraszewski and Zdanowski (2001): 253; Graf (2007): 86 [partim]. Sinanodonta woodiana Bogan et al. (2011): 41 [partim]; Vinarski and Kantor (2016): 54 [partim]; Vikhrev et al. (2017): 1. Sinanodonta orbicularis Izzatullaev and Boymurodov (2016): 17; Vinarski and Kantor (2016): 56. Sinanodonta puerorum Izzatullaev and Boymurodov (2016): 17; Vinarski and Kantor (2016): 57. Type locality: Chusan [Zhoushan] Island, China. Material examined: Uzbekistan: Xorazm Region, near the town of Xonqa, a lake in the floodplain of the Amu Darya River, 41.53583° N, 60.88639° E, 23.vi.2017, 2 specimens [RMBH: voucher nos. biv279_1 and biv279_2], Palatov leg. Molecular data: Two identical COI sequences (NCBI GenBank acc. nos. MG581711 and MG581712, voucher nos. biv279_1 and biv279_2, respectively) were obtained. Morphology: Shell elliptical, large and thick, rather inflated, slightly winged. Anterior margin rounded, posterior ridge truncated; ventral margin curved. Umbo elevated, in the first half of the shell. Periostracum brownyellowish with numbers of concentric striae. Nacre whitish, shining. Hinge edentulous. Muscle scars shallow. In our sample, shell length is 145–167 mm, height is 92–111 mm, and width is 58–64 mm (N = 2). Habitats and ecology: A broad habitat and host generalist (Watters 1997). In Middle Asia, the species inhabits plain rivers, canals, and ponds with clay-silty bottom; very common (Izzatullaev and Boymurodov 2016). Distribution: The species appears to be native for the Yangtze River system and adjacent islands of the East China Sea (e.g. Zhoushan Island) but is widely distributed in Europe, Middle Asia, East Siberia, Myanmar, and probably Turkey (Table 1). In Uzbekistan, it was recorded in the Zarafshon River basin, a former tributary of the Amu Darya River, which is currently not reach the river because of agricultural water use, and in the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers (Fig. 1). Comments. Watters (1997) suggested that the maximum shell length of Sinanodonta woodiana sensu lato is 26 cm. Izzatullaev and Boymurodov (2016) noted that the shell length of Sinanodonta mussels in fish ponds of the Syr Darya River basin may reach a much larger size of up to 40–60 cm, and that a shell of 60 cm in length (Verigin leg.) is deposited in the collection of the Department of Ichthyology at Lomonosov Moscow State University. However, the largest shell in this collection is only 25 cm long (Dmitry M. Palatov, pers. comm., 2018) which fits with the known size range for this species. Sinanodonta gibba appears to be the oldest available name for this species (Table 1). This nominal taxon was described from the Zhoushan Island (Cantor 1842), a part of the Zhoushan Archipelago, which is located in the Hangzhou Bay of the East China Sea, relatively close to the delta of the Yangtze River. This taxonomic hypothesis corresponds with an initial identification of the invasive Sinanodonta populations in Europe and Middle Asia by Ya. I. Starobogatov (Kraszewski and Zdanowski 2001). Unfortunately, Starobogatov used the “comparatory approach” for identification of mussels (see Graf et al. 2007; Bolotov et al. 2013; Vinarski and Kantor 2016) and suggested two additional species in samples from Europe and Uzbekistan, i.e., Sinanodonta orbicularis and S. puerorum, likely due to the high variability of shell convexity (Starobogatov and Izzatullaev 1984). Later, his identification was rejected because an isoenzyme analysis failed to confirm the hypothesis of three alien sympatric Sinanodonta taxa in Europe (Kraszewski and Zdanowski 2001). The synonymy of numerous nominal taxa described from the Yangtze River basin, e.g., Sinanodonta harlandi (Baird & Adams, 1867), S. orbicularis, S. puerorum, and S. qingyuani He & Zhuang, 2013, is unclear and is in need of further detailed revision on the basis of an integrative taxonomic approach., Published as part of Kondakov, Alexander V., Palatov, Dmitry M., Rajabov, Zakir P., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Tomilova, Alena A., Vikhrev, Ilya V. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2018, DNA analysis of a non-native lineage of Sinanodonta woodiana species complex (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Middle Asia supports the Chinese origin of the European invaders, pp. 511-522 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on pages 513-516, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1441815, {"references":["Cantor, T. (1842) General features of Chusan, with remarks on the Flora and Fauna of that Island. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 481 - 493.","Kraszewski, A. & Zdanowski, B. (2001) The distribution and abundance of the Chinese mussel Anodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) in the heated Konin Lakes. Archives of Polish Fisheries, 9 (2), 253 - 265.","Izzatullaev, Z. I. & Boymurodov, H. T. (2016) The results of the pearl's growing of bivalve freshwater mollusks (Bivalvia: Unionidae, Anadontinae) of Uzbekistan. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody, Otdel Biologicheskii, 121, 16 - 19. [in Russian with English summary]","Vinarski, M. V. & Kantor, Yu. I. (2016) Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow, 544 pp.","Sarkany-Kiss, A. (1986) Anodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) a new species in Romania (Bivalvia, Unionacea). Travaux du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle \" Grigore Antipa \", 28, 15 - 17.","Watters, G. T. (1997) A synthesis and review of the expanding range of the Asian freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Ueliger, 40 (2), 152 - 156.","Graf, D. L. (2007) Palearctic freshwater mussel (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) diversity and the Comparatory Method as a species concept. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 156 (1), 71 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.1635 / 0097 - 3157 (2007) 156 [71: PFMMBU] 2.0. CO; 2","Bogan, A. E., Bowers-Altman, J. & Raley, M. E. (2011) The first confirmed record of the Chinese pond mussel (Sinanodonta woodiana) (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the United States. Nautilus, 135, 41 - 43.","Bolotov I. N., Makhrov, A. A., Bespalaya, Yu. V., Vikhrev, I. V., Aksenova, O. V., Aspholm, P. E., Gofarov, M. Yu., Ostrovskii, A. N., Popov, I. Yu., Pal'tser, I. S., Rudzite, M., Rudzitis, M., Voroshilova, I. S. & Sokolova, S. E. (2013) Results of testing the comparatory method: The curvature of the shell valve frontal section is inappropriate as a systematic character for the freshwater pearl mussel of the genus Margaritifera. Biology Bulletin, 40 (2), 221 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / S 1062359013020027","Starobogatov, Ya. I. & Izzatullaev, Z. I. (1984) Bivalve molluscs of the family Unionidae in Middle Asia. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody, Otdel Biologicheskii, 89, 74 - 81. [in Russian with English summary]","He, J. & Zhuang, Z. (2013) The Freshwater Bivalves of China. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 198 pp."]}

Sinanodonta jourdyi (Morlet, 1886) Anodonta jourdyi Morlet (1886): 76. Type locality: Lang Son, Vietnam [Pearl River basin]. Comments: Based on molecular data, Do et al. (2018) found that a single Sinanodonta species is distributed in northern Vietnam (Table 1). According to this evidence, S. jourdyi inhabits the Red and Pearl River drainage basins. S. hunganhi Thach, 2016, from the Lam River appears to be a variety of S. jourdyi (Do et al. 2018). Do et al. (2018) listed S. elliptica (Heude, 1878) as a synonym of S. jourdyi. However, S. elliptica has been described from Kien-te (Chien-te), Anhui, China [Yangtze River basin] (Heude 1878) and it may therefore represent a separate species., Published as part of Kondakov, Alexander V., Palatov, Dmitry M., Rajabov, Zakir P., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Tomilova, Alena A., Vikhrev, Ilya V. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2018, DNA analysis of a non-native lineage of Sinanodonta woodiana species complex (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Middle Asia supports the Chinese origin of the European invaders, pp. 511-522 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on page 518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1441815, {"references":["Morlet, L. (1886) Diagnoses Molluscorum novorum Tonkini. Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 75 - 78.","Do, V. T., Tuan, L. Q. & Bogan, A. E. (2018) Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) of Vietnam: Diversity, distribution, and conservation status. Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 21, 1 - 18.","Thach, N. N. (2016) Uietnamese new mollusks. Seashells - Land snails - Cephalopods. With 59 new species. 48 HrBooks Company, Akron, 205 pp.","Heude, R. P. (1878) Conchyliologie Fluviatile de la Province de Nanking. Librairie F. Savy, Paris, 33 pp."]}

Sinanodonta schrenkii (Lea, 1870) Anodon schrenkii Lea (1870): 75. Sinanodonta schrencki Moskvicheva (1973): 826. Sinanodonta amurensis Moskvicheva (1973): 826; Sayenko et al. (2017): 266. Sinanodonta likharevi Moskvicheva (1973): 827. Type locality: Amur River. Comments: This cryptic species was resurrected by Sayenko et al. (2017) as S. amurensis Moskvicheva, 1973 (Table 1). However, S. schrenkii seems to be the oldest available name for this species. The latter taxon was introduced by Lea (1870: 75) as follows: “The figure given by Dr. Schrenck in Reisen und Forschungen im Amur- Lande is not my magnifica. I therefore propose to call it Schrenkii ”., Published as part of Kondakov, Alexander V., Palatov, Dmitry M., Rajabov, Zakir P., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Tomilova, Alena A., Vikhrev, Ilya V. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2018, DNA analysis of a non-native lineage of Sinanodonta woodiana species complex (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Middle Asia supports the Chinese origin of the European invaders, pp. 511-522 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on pages 517-518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1441815, {"references":["Lea, I. (1870) A Synopsis of the Family of Naiades. 4 th Edition. Henry C. Lea, Philadelphia, 184 pp.","Moskvicheva, I. M. (1973) Molluscs of the subfamily Anodontinae (Bivalvia, Unionidae) in the Amur Basin and Primorye. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 52 (6), 822 - 834. [in Russian with English summary]","Sayenko, E. M., Soroka, M. & Kholin, S. K. (2017) Comparison of the species Sinanodonta amurensis Moskvicheva, 1973 and Sinanodonta primorjensis Bogatov et Zatrawkin, 1988 (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Anodontinae) in view of variability of the mitochondrial DNA cox 1 gene and conchological features. Biology Bulletin, 44 (3), 266 - 276. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / S 1062359017030086"]}

Genus Sinanodonta Modell, 1945 Type species: Symphynota magnifica Lea, 1834 (by typification of a replaced name: Vinarski and Kantor 2016)., Published as part of Kondakov, Alexander V., Palatov, Dmitry M., Rajabov, Zakir P., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Tomilova, Alena A., Vikhrev, Ilya V. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2018, DNA analysis of a non-native lineage of Sinanodonta woodiana species complex (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Middle Asia supports the Chinese origin of the European invaders, pp. 511-522 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on page 513, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1441815, {"references":["Lea, I. (1834) Observations on the Naiades; and descriptions of new species of that and other families. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 5, 23 - 119.","Vinarski, M. V. & Kantor, Yu. I. (2016) Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow, 544 pp."]}

Sinanodonta lucida (Heude, 1877) Anodon lucida Heude (1877): Pl. 20, fig. 43. Type locality: South of the Lake Tong Ting [= Hunan Province], China. Comments: This cryptic species has been restored by Lopes-Lima et al. (2017) (Table 1)., Published as part of Kondakov, Alexander V., Palatov, Dmitry M., Rajabov, Zakir P., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Tomilova, Alena A., Vikhrev, Ilya V. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2018, DNA analysis of a non-native lineage of Sinanodonta woodiana species complex (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Middle Asia supports the Chinese origin of the European invaders, pp. 511-522 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on page 518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1441815, {"references":["Heude, R. P. (1877) Conchyliologie Fluviatile de la Province de Nanking. Librairie F. Savy, Paris, 32 pp."]}

Sinanodonta ovata Bogatov & Starobogatov, 1996 Sinanodonta (Ellipsanodon) ovata Bogatov & Starobogatov (1996): 1328. Type locality: Gladkaya River, 8 km upstream of the mouth, Khasan District, Primorye, Russian Far East. Comments: The status of this species has been confirmed by Bespalaya et al. (2018) (Table 1). However, it may have an older available name, especially among Japanese nominal taxa, e.g. Sinanodonta lauta (Martens, 1877)., Published as part of Kondakov, Alexander V., Palatov, Dmitry M., Rajabov, Zakir P., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Tomilova, Alena A., Vikhrev, Ilya V. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2018, DNA analysis of a non-native lineage of Sinanodonta woodiana species complex (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Middle Asia supports the Chinese origin of the European invaders, pp. 511-522 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on page 518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1441815, {"references":["Bogatov, V. V. & Starobogatov, Y. I. (1996) Bivalvia, Anodontinae in eastern and southern Primorye. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 75, 1326 - 1335. [in Russian with English summary]","Bespalaya, Y. V., Bolotov, I. N., Aksenova, O. V., Gofarov, M. Y., Kondakov, A. V., Vikhrev, I. V. & Vinarski, M. V. (2018) DNA barcoding reveals invasion of two cryptic Sinanodonta mussel species (Bivalvia: Unionidae) into the largest Siberian river. Limnologica, 69, 94 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. limno. 2017.11.009"]}

Sinanodonta cf. woodiana (Lea, 1834) Symphynota woodiana Lea (1834): 42. Type locality: Canton [Guangzhou], China. Comments: The tropical invasive lineage of Sinanodonta may actually be S. woodiana, which had been described from the Pearl River, Guangzhou (Table 1). This assumption agrees with the opinion of Dudgeon and Morton (1983) that the true Sinanodonta woodiana inhabits Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. However, the name Sinanodonta woodiana may also be a senior synonym of S. jourdyi (Morlet, 1886), which has been found in a tributary of the Pearl River in northern Vietnam (Do et al. 2018). This taxonomic puzzle could be solved in a future on the basis of molecular sequences of Sinanodonta spp. from Taiwan and the downstream of Pearl River near Guangzhou. *Several endemic taxa from Japan (Sano et al. 2017) were not included to this list. **Here, we provide only a single reference sequence for each putative species. The full list of available sequences for each species-level clade is presented in our earlier works (Bolotov et al. 2016; Vikhrev et al. 2017; Bespalaya et al. 2018). ***Codes of these lineages from China are given in accordance with Bolotov et al. (2016). The sampling localities of both lineages are not specified in GenBank. n/a = not available., Published as part of Kondakov, Alexander V., Palatov, Dmitry M., Rajabov, Zakir P., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Tomilova, Alena A., Vikhrev, Ilya V. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2018, DNA analysis of a non-native lineage of Sinanodonta woodiana species complex (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Middle Asia supports the Chinese origin of the European invaders, pp. 511-522 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on pages 516-517, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1441815, {"references":["Lea, I. (1834) Observations on the Naiades; and descriptions of new species of that and other families. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 5, 23 - 119.","Dudgeon, D. & Morton, B. (1983) The population dynamics and sexual strategy of Anodonta woodiana (Bivalvia: Unionacea) in Plover Cove Reservoir, Hong Kong. Journal of Zoology, 201 (2), 161 - 183. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1983. tb 04268. x","Morlet, L. (1886) Diagnoses Molluscorum novorum Tonkini. Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 75 - 78.","Do, V. T., Tuan, L. Q. & Bogan, A. E. (2018) Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) of Vietnam: Diversity, distribution, and conservation status. Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 21, 1 - 18.","Sano, I., Shirai, A., Kondo, T. & Miyazaki, J. I. (2017) Phylogenetic relationships of Japanese Unionoida (Mollusca: Bivalvia) based on mitochondrial 16 S rDNA sequences. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 9 (5), 493 - 509.","Bolotov, I. N., Bespalaya, Y. V., Gofarov, M. Y., Kondakov, A. V., Konopleva, E. S. & Vikhrev, I. V. (2016) Spreading of the Chinese pond mussel, Sinanodonta woodiana, across Wallacea: One or more lineages invade tropical islands and Europe. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 67, 58 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. bse. 2016.05.018","Bespalaya, Y. V., Bolotov, I. N., Aksenova, O. V., Gofarov, M. Y., Kondakov, A. V., Vikhrev, I. V. & Vinarski, M. V. (2018) DNA barcoding reveals invasion of two cryptic Sinanodonta mussel species (Bivalvia: Unionidae) into the largest Siberian river. Limnologica, 69, 94 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. limno. 2017.11.009"]}