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This study aims to investigate the preoperative, postoperative airway hearing threshold levels, and perforation closure rates in patients who underwent primary tragal cartilage tympanoplasty. One hundred seventy-one patients who had chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma underwent primary tragal cartilage tympanoplasty with endaural approach by using underlay technique. Preoperative and postoperative airway hearing threshold levels at 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz frequencies in 8 to 99 months' follow-up were found and compared with each other. Postoperative perforation closure rates were also investigated. At 500 Hz in 112 patients, at 1000 Hz in 106 patients, at 2000 Hz in 96 patients, and at 4000 Hz in 80 patients, more than 9.5 dB airway hearing gain was determined. The authors found their postoperative perforation closure rate as 84.8%. In conclusion, tragal cartilage tympanoplasty may be chosen as the primary operation technique in primary chronic otitis media patients and by this technique perforation closure rates are also acceptable in addition to satisfactory hearing gain.