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115- SUMMAEY Our work here has aimed to examine the various relations of environment with society, andVbring some soluti on proposals to the problems. It is very clear that this relation between environment and society is getting more important everyday, în this relation; »hile. problems come forward, using the environment cautiously becomes a must according to the incre asing needs. In chapter one, we have studied the conditi ons of how concepts like ` environment science ` and `ecology` can have scientific characteristics. If environment means the togetherness of `living and lifeless`, and if iftsjthis togetherness, every element has got a relation with each other, then this drives us to create new formulas. This new formula is the interpre tation of ` environment ` as a ` plasma `. In chapter two, we have touched hte subjects like industrialazation, developent, population, city-environment tourizm and energy-thosecreate the main source of environment problems. when examining these subjects, all the relati ons with environment are taken into account and also the precau tions are examined and for the future planings the importance of environment and human factor on these subjects are stressed. Solutions are proposed to the outcoming problems and what should the precautions be, are made clear.-116- In chapter three, the environment problem and policy in Turkey and in the European Economic Community (E.E.C.) isexamined. The effect of the precautions on Turkey, and the importance of the community in describing Turkey's environment policy,, 121

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Ill ÖZET Bilgi ve teknoloji çağı olarak nitelendirilen Yüzyılımızda beyin göçü, ülkeleri yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Ekonomik Kalkınmayı gerçekleştirebilmek için doğal kaynaklar ve sermayenin yanı sıra, uzmanlaşmış teknik personel ve uygun teknolojiler gereklidir. Yeni teknolojiler üretmenin güçlükleri yanında; gelişmiş ülkeler, özellikle gelişmekte olan ve az gelişmiş ülkelerin çok az sayıda sahip oldukları'.üstün beyin gücünü, fiilî talepleri ile ülkelerine çekmektedirler. Zira yapısal farklılıklar neticesinde mevcut kalkınma dengesizlikleri, üstün sanayili devletlerin lehine beyin göçünü hızlandırmaktadır. Giriş ve Dört bölümden oluşan bu tezin: Giriş kısmında, nitelikli insangücünün, kalkınma ve sanayileşme deki önemi kısaca açıklanıp, beyin göçünüm tarihî bir yaklaşımla, tanımı ve unsurları verilmiştir. I. Bölümde, Beyin göçüne karşı geçmişteki ve günümüzdeki ilgi açıklanmış; bilimin büyümesi incelenip, ülke kalkınması açısından vasıflı insangücünün önemi vurgulanmaya çalışılmıştır. II. Bölümde, beyin göçünün coğrafi ve fiilî hareketliliği incelenmeye çalışılmış, gelişmiş ülkeler ve beyin göçü ilişkisi vurgulanıp; bu göç hareketinde ülkemizin durumu, kalkınma planları (Planlı Kalkınma dönemi açısından) ile birlikte açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. III. Bölümde ise, Beyin göçü teorisi 4 kısımda geniş bir biçimde incelenmiştir. IV. Bölümde, göçün çareleri ele alınıp, çeşitli tedbirler ve diğer ihtimaller incelenmiş, literatürde somut tedbirlerede kısaca değinilmiştir. SUMMARY In our century which is definied as the age of information and technology, the brain drain interests closely all the countries. Besides the natural sources and capital, specialised technical per sonnel and convenient technologies are also necessary in order that the economic development can be realized. Beside the difficulties of producing new technologies, the deve loped countries attract the very littl» brain power the developing and underdeveloped countries have to their countries with effective demands. Because the present unstable developments which occur as a result of structural differences increase the speed of brain drain in favour of the highly industrialized countries. This thesis consists of an introduction and four chapters» In the introductory section, the importance of the qualified man power for the development and industrialization has b«en shortly ex plained and the definition and principles of the brain drain have been given by a historical approach. In the I. chapter, the interest for the brain drain in the past and present has been explained, then the growing up of the sciences haB beenexamined and also it has been tried to be pointed out the importance of the qualified manpower regarding the development of the countries. In the II. chapter, it has been tried to be examined the geogra phical and actual mobility of the brain drain, and the relation bet ween the developed countries and the brain drain has been pointed out*-Also İt hafi teen trifd to `be explained the situation of our country in this `brain drain action together vith the development plans (rela ting the period of planned development) ind in the III. chapter, the theory of brain drain has teen Etudled cor.preher.Eİvely in A sections. In the IV. chapter, the remedies of the brain drain have teen taken into consideration, various erasures and other possibilities have also been exgndned, further concrete precautions in the literature have been shortly talked stout. 109