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In the last twenty years, tourism has faced many terrorist attacks or similar crises, so we can ask the question of what is the connection between terrorism and tourism, how does all this affect global tourism. The targets of terrorist attacks in a certain tourist destination can vary, starting from small objects to complex tourist infrastructure, and the basis of the attacks can be political, economic, religious, or other reasons. This research has special theoretical and practical importance for the development of tourism in Kosovo, but from the aspect of the impact of terrorism on tourism, with special reference to the Republic of Kosovo as a tourist destination. Research related to the impact of terrorism on tourism in the Republic of Kosovo will help us to understand, in essence, the negative effects that terrorism can have on the development of tourism in this country. From this research, we are expected to get to know the most important aspects of terrorism and tourism in modern conditions, but also with the legislation in this field and how it can help prevent terrorist acts in tourist facilities in Kosovo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wildlife tourism industry faces increasing threats of climate change and human demand, both of which have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in human activity resulting from the pandemic has created disruptions for wildlife tourism destinations that are being felt by the local communities, the wildlife, and the surrounding environment. This paper examines the impacts of these disruptions and highlights the opportunity for wildlife destinations to start building back towards the goal of sustainability with increased resilience. The principles of resilience and ecotourism are examined, with the intersecting and applicable fundamentals further explained. A framework for wildlife destination sustainability is then presented alongside a conceptual model for policymakers, tourism operators, and community leaders to consider. This study argues that wildlife tourism destinations should apply and promote sound ecotourism principles to better prepare for and recover from disruptions, promote biodiversity conservation, and support socio-economic stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visitor attitude is fundamental to destination selection in the tourism literature. Yet, there remains a notable dearth of critical reviews to assess the current status of knowledge on the topic. This study, therefore, seeks to map and critically evaluate the state of visitor attitudinal research to set the agenda for future scholarly enquiry. A review of journal articles on the topic in four leading tourism journals was undertaken. To critically explore the literature and identify research trends, a paradigm funnel approach was used. The findings demonstrate that most studies on the topic are based on empirical research and specific theories, most notably the contact model and theory of planned behaviour. However, few publications apply analytical methods and innovative ontological and epistemological approaches. This paper provides recommendations for future studies to advance visitor attitudinal research, advocating for the use of innovative methods and theoretical approaches in parent sub-disciplines, particularly psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducted to examine the influence of sports events on tourists' destination choice behaviour in China. The questionnaire was distributed both online and offline in the area surrounding City-A. The author through personal networks, including family and friends, as well as via WeChat group emails primarily disseminated online questionnaires. The findings reveal that 57.8% of respondents expressed a greater likelihood of attending large sports events, while 59.9% indicated an increased intention to travel to City-A in the future. The occurrence of large-scale sports events has played a significant role in establishing City As brand and has contributed to fostering a sports-oriented cultural environment, which is appealing to tourists. The study also highlights that the decision-making process regarding tourists' destination choices influenced by the presence of large-scale sports events, affecting tourists' behavioural patterns in selecting destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Croatia's allure as a cultural, natural, and historical destination in the global tourism landscape has garnered increasing interest from international travelers, including Hungarian tourists. This study addresses the research gap in demographic segmentation and destination preference among Hungarian adults aged 18-34, a crucial yet understudied market segment within Croatian tourism. Our analysis integrates descriptive statistics and ordinal regression to assess how tourism preferences influence satisfaction. A two-step clustering method identifies demographic clusters, further analyzed to determine their visitation patterns to 11 Croatian cities, revealing significant travel behaviour insights. The findings reveal distinctive clusters with varied travel behaviours and preferences, indicating that tailored marketing strategies could significantly enhance the tourism experience. The travel patterns suggest a move towards personalized travel experiences and an inclination towards autonomy and comfort in accommodation choices. The study enriches the discourse in tourism segmentation and destination analysis, suggesting that understanding the intricate preferences of demographic segments can lead to more effective marketing approaches. Practically, it offers actionable insights for tourism operators, marketers, and policymakers to fine-tune their strategies to cater to this demographic, potentially leading to increased visitation and deeper engagement with Croatian tourism offerings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism development is one of today's popular tools for mitigating regional inequalities, thus many regions see tourism as an opportunity to break out. This is no different in the case of border regions, where development in this direction is also supported by cross-border, EU-financed or (co-)financed programs. The aim of the paper is to investigate whether there is a real possibility of connecting the areas along the national borders for tourism purposes and creating sustainable tourism in these regions. The study examines the possibility of creating cross-border tourist destinations in three pre-selected areas in the Hungarian-Croatian, Hungarian-Slovenian and North-Western Hungarian-Slovakian border regions during the last two, already closed programming periods. Results of the research show, that cooperation between border countries for real tourism purposes is still possible today, and it only really aimed at creating uniform reception areas that ignore borders in a few cases. After the implementation of the programs, cross-border destinations as sellable tourist products were not created. The study shows that, in the case of two regions, the potential is given and the initiatives aimed at creating cross-border destinations are promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Technology is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to explore the emotional landscapes and spatial preferences of digital nomads, focusing on how sentiments expressed in destination reviews influence their mobility and destination choices. Design/methodology/approach: Employing a lexicon-based sentiment analysis of social media comments and reviews, alongside advanced geographical information systems (GIS) mapping techniques, the study analyzes the emotional tones that digital nomads associate with various destinations worldwide. Findings: The analysis reveals significant patterns of emotional sentiments, with trust and joy being predominant in preferred destinations. Spatial patterns identified through GIS mapping highlight the global distribution of these sentiments, underscoring the importance of emotional well-being in destination choice. Practical implications: Insights from this study offer valuable guidance for Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) in strategic planning, enhancing destination appeal through targeted marketing strategies that resonate with the emotional preferences of digital nomads. Originality/value: This research introduces a novel approach by integrating sentiment analysis with GIS to map the emotional and spatial dynamics of digital nomadism, contributing a new perspective to the literature on tourism and mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the importance of pilgrimage tourism to green innovation and assesses the factors that influence pilgrimage tourism efforts and implementation to ensure green innovation. The results of semi-structured, in-depth interviews with religious figures and pilgrims, supplemented by secondary sources, show that linking pilgrimage capabilities and religious organizations is critical to sustaining green innovation rather than focusing on the dispersed state of consciousness. The findings underscore the importance of a practice-based teaching approach and the necessity of spiritual adherence to green innovative behavior. It is argued that the intersection between pilgrims and religious organizations supports the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030 in less developed nations, such as in Africa. The study is helpful for destination management organizations, policymakers, and tourism stakeholders, to promote green innovation through pilgrimage tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how tourist behaviour is conditioned by the COVID-19 pandemic, developing a theoretical framework that considers not only traditional variables such as image, satisfaction, and variety seeking, but also the risks perceived during a pandemic to better explain loyalty towards a tourist destination. Moreover, the paper explores whether the effects of these variables differ in loyalty formation if people who consider visiting a destination in their country again are compared to people who contemplate travelling again to an international destination. Empirical evidence from a survey sample comprising more than 1000 Spanish tourists shows that pandemic-related risks differently influence the tourist loyalty dimensions intention to revisit and recommend both a national destination (441 respondents) and an international destination (600 respondents). Finally, affective image and satisfaction are the main drivers of loyalty in both subsamples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underling the key motivational factors of tourists are very significant in tourism destination marketing. The current study aimed to introduce a new insight in destination management through exploring the main motivational factors behind foreign tourists to visit Saudi. Self administrative questionnaire was distributed among a random sample of tourists visited Saudi. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) was applied to analysis the data. The results indicated that five motivational factors influence on behavior intention to visit Saudi. However, the model applied in the study has the potential to be used in similar studies conducted in various destinations worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The satisfaction of tourists plays a crucial role in the success of a tourist destination. This study aims to demonstrate factors influencing the satisfaction of international tourists with ecotourism in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The study employs a convenient sampling combined with direct interviews of 256 international tourists who have experienced ecotourism services in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. Quantitative analysis methods used in the study include testing the reliability of the scale using Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM). The research results have proven 06 factors influencing the satisfaction of international tourists with ecotourism in the Mekong Delta, including trust, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangible facilities, and local characteristics. Among these, the local characteristic factor has the most impact on the satisfaction of international tourists with ecotourism in the Mekong Delta. The research results will provide managerial implications to enhance service quality and improve the satisfaction of international tourists with ecotourism in the Mekong Delta region, Vietnam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central tenet of the tourism-area lifecycle (TALC) rests on the idea of change. This paper utilized latent-growth curve modelling (LGCM) to synthesize a time-variant lifecycle model that quantifies changes in TALC-based hotel development. We accommodated the model with cross-lagged analysis to draw causal inferences. Based on data collected from 197 economies from UNWTO, findings reveal that the onset and growth rate of hotel development are associated with growth trajectories of tourist arrivals and overnight stays, which are subsequently associated with the growth trajectory of travel expenditure. A reciprocal influence between hotel development and tourist arrivals is also evident, suggesting a coevolutionary process underpinning TALC. This study adds to the nascent concept of multiplicity tourism-area lifecycles to denote an intricate web of linkages among different lifecycle traits of a destination. It improvises the concept of coactive development and paves the way for destination coevolution to articulate evolutionary interactions between tourists and tourism operators through reciprocal changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks to examine the legal preservation of Balinese traditional law during the development of global tourism destinations. This study employs an empirical legal research method, in which the law is conceptualized as a phenomenon that can be observed in the actual world. Article 6, paragraph 1, stresses that “in the context of upholding human rights and the needs of indigenous people, these must be considered and protected by law, society, and the government”. The protection of human rights of indigenous peoples in Bali includes the rights of women and children, the prohibition of inhuman punishment regarding customary sanctions, rights to village land related to the protection of cultural identity and ulayat (customary) rights of local communities in tourism development. This is because Bali is a tourism development hub. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Viticulture and wine production have a long tradition and are a very important agricultural branch in Serbia with a potential that is still untapped. However, the development of viticulture had different periods and stages of development, from stagnation and war events, bad climatic and economic conditions to the placement and sale of wine on the domestic and world markets. Open data enables the management of tourist destinations, but in Serbia there are no or rare examples of good practice, studies and research on this matter. Smart tourist destinations make up the concept of tourist development, the basis of which lies in innovative solutions and modern technology. Numerous tourist destinations in Serbia is not even at the beginning of improving smart tourism in destinations or are just beginning to implement them. The Belgrade viticultural region has a high rating due to its proximity to the destination itself, primarily Belgrade, as the main and important emissions center, which makes the trip shorter, the longer stay and the participation of tourists more attractive. The capital of the Republic of Serbia is located in this region, as well as the immediate surroundings of other city centers with a large share of the population. Belgrade is the main transit point of Serbia: good traffic connections, as well as the proximity of the "Nikola Tesla" Airport. In the vineyards of Serbia, the formation of wine products and accompanying tourist content did not occur, but they remained in the tourist offer as part of the rural tourist offer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management system and organisational structure of national tourism fundamentally was renewed in Hungary in 2016, which had several new elements. The five determined ’important tourism development areas’ as destinations became the new frame for developing tourism in 2016 and 2017. Destination system was also renewed in 2020, when not only the official names and territorial range were overviewed, but also eleven destinations were created and six new ones were determined. Among these destinations the Gyula region consists of the least number of settlements only two (Gyula and Békéscsaba). The article focuses on the research questions of what processes and events led to the creation of the current tourist offer of the two municipalities of Gyula tourist region and how the area performed in the years 2020-2022. By examining the socio-economic changes in the two settlements after the Second World War, the roots of the current level of tourism development are explored. The analysis of the statistical data series available from the Central Statistical Office and the National Tourism Data Supply Centre are used to analyse the specificities of the period 2020-2022. Since the two cities have different tourist characteristics, they cannot be considered major competitors, and in fact Békéscsaba’s dominant position in business tourism can be well complemented by the spa services offered in Gyula. In both municipalities surveyed, tourism operators faced challenges due to travel restrictions resulting from the COVID pandemic, but the dominant domestic visitor share in the tourist area meant that guests returned quickly after the closures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spatial reflection of a tourist destination refers to the physical and geographical characteristics of a destination that play an important role in shaping its attractiveness, transport accessibility, tourist activities, and experiences. The cultural heritage of a destination, including its traditions, customs, festivals and local art, has become a major attraction for tourists seeking authentic experiences and immersion in different cultures. Thus, proximity to natural, historical, and cultural attractions can make a destination more attractive. Destinations that are perceived as safe and well-managed are more likely to attract visitors. In addition, the accessibility of a destination through the transportation network, such as airports, roads, and public transportation, can affect its popularity among tourists. Thus, the destination is also a function of the mechanism that triggers the necessary infrastructure, temporary accommodation, catering and medical services, shopping centers, and recreation areas, which are crucial for attracting and accommodating tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change mitigation in the tourism sector is expanding research areas due to the importance of this sector and its rapid expansion. Aviation's contribution was found to be the most important source of GHG emissions from tourism. Also, the hospitality sector contributes a lot to GHG emissions in tourism destinations. Hospitality, constituting an essential component of the tourism industry, is a sector that has a high potential to reduce GHG and use of energy and water resources. Therefore, it is important to monitor the climate change mitigation performance of tourism destinations to achieve decarbonization of the tourism sector. The main objectives of this paper are to develop indicators of climate change mitigation performance of tourism destinations based on GHG indicators for the transport and hospitality sectors and apply this framework to assessment and ranking based on climate change mitigation performance of 4 main EU geographical regions as tourism destinations: Central, Northern, Southern, and Western Europe. This paper's main methodological approach is comparing and ranking different geographical regions in the European Union by assessing their climate change mitigation performance as tourist destinations. The study's main results showed that Finland, representing North Europe, is the best-performing country in climate change mitigation in tourism destinations. The second-best-performing geographical region is Western Europe. The worst-performing EU region based on climate change mitigation in tourism destinations was Central Europe. The South Europe region was found to be in a slightly better position than Central Europe but worse in comparison with Western Europe and especially in comparison to Northern Europe. The study's main implications provide policy recommendations for Central Europe as a tourism destination to increase energy and water use efficiency and the carbon footprint of the tourism sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is regarded one of the major destinations of world, famous for its vast culinary trail. Food is one of the major attractions for travelers to select a destination. Overall tour experience is depended on several components of tourism and one of them is considered to be food offered at the destination. The selection of destination is even made by food lovers depending on the destination food image. Food is related to physiological and psychological needs of individuals and at destinations it is associated with other satisfaction factors related to experiences deriving from desired expectations to actual experiences. The current study was conducted by authors at prevalent tourist destinations of North India. These destinations offer local authentic food and other cuisine in demand. The destinations were selected looking at the number of visitors and the similarity in type of food served. A total of 550 tourists were surveyed during the study from various destinations of North India. The results reveal that good food experience contributes positively towards overall tour experience at North Indian destination The six factors such as taste, palatability, serving temperature, presentation style, spices and condiments, portion size and garnish contribute the most in satisfaction derived from food experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of the study is on types of crime and their relationship with tourism destinations and tourism support among northern tourist areas. The main objective of the study was to shed light on the types of crime and their association with tourism destinations and tourism support with the framework of the social control theoretical model (inner and outer control). Face-to-face quantitative data was collected from (n=501) respondents. The study analyzed data with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM version 4). The path analysis showed that crimes against persons, property, and victimless crime significantly decreased tourism support. A similar phenomenon, such as crimes against person and property, decreased tourism destinations, and victimless crime was insignificant. Based on the study's findings, the results concluded that types of crime have made unsuccessful tourism support and tourism destination in the northern region. The study put forward recommendations to policymakers that criminal activities should be controlled through crime control systems among different tourist destinations in northern areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Resources & Ecology is the property of Journal of Resources & Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The conceptualisation of specific holistic tourism components (religious-spiritual-wellness tourism) and their influence on community well-being in contemporary literature appears complex and needs to be more specific. This research traces critical developments in religious-spiritual-wellness tourism and their relationship with community by reviewing published literature in the Scopus database from 1990 to 2020 using bibliometric analysis. The literature review includes three sub-areas: descriptive analysis, reference publication year spectroscopy, and network analysis. In demonstrating the trends and evolution, the study focuses on the social, conceptual, and intellectual structures in religiousspiritual-wellness tourism (RSWT) and community. The key findings indicate that the RSWT community is heterogeneous, and each group of the RSWT community perceives different tourism impacts, requirements, and expectations. The study also reveals a significant relationship between the impacts of external factors like religious factors, political issues, social media, COVID-19 and environmental conditions prevailing in the society and the RSWT community. The diversity and complexity of the RSWT community are recognised as a gap in literature. The present study attempts to enquire how a holistic approach towards the RSWT community should be integrated with other tourism sectors for sustainability in tourism destinations, promoting the community's quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protection and improvement of the environment as a valuable asset for the people of Kosovo and the development of tourism in the country. The Republic of Kosovo implemented policies for the preservation, protection and promotion of the environment through the strategies and state action plans drawn up so far. In this direction and based on the country's environmental protection legislation, State and local level Strategies and Action Plans are drawn up in the Republic of Kosovo. In addition, for the environment, the drafting of sectoral strategies and action plans for specific environmental sectors, such as: water, air, biodiversity, waste, and for other environmental issues: climate change, soil protection, of forests, administration with chemicals, noise protection, protection from ionizing and non-ionizing radiationTourism is one of the industries that has really seen a higher growth in recent years all over the globe as well as in our country. Such a development has resulted in the creation of high profits from tourist services, influencing the development of tourism and economic development in the country. The promotion of new tourist destinations, such as Kosovo, have an impact on the arrival of foreign and domestic tourists, the promotion of tourism destinations through electronic means that have now become a trend for communication and development will influence tourists to be offered tourism offers our country. The promotion and good management of tourist destinations will influence the growth and tourist flows and the way the destinations are perceived by the tourists who have visited them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal and marine destinations that offer recreational activities can enhance visitors' experiences and promote their environmental responsibility. The objective of this study was to carry out a market segmentation of the domestic tourism demand based on recreational experiences in a coastal and marine destination. This in-situ research was conducted in Acapulco, an important destination in Mexico. A total of 441 questionnaires were obtained and analyzed. Factorial analysis was applied as a data reduction technique and K-means clustering as a case grouping method. Four dimensions of recreation experiences emerged: experiential reflection, experiential learning, ecological observation, and sensory and experiential. Also, four segments of tourists were found based on their recreation experiences: 'multiple-experience recreationists,' 'hedonists,' 'knowledge seekers,' and 'aestheticists.' The findings will serve as management guides for tourist destinations managers and will help companies in the sector to create efficient marketing plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With growing competition in the tourism industry and changing tourists' expectations, motives and behavior, marketers are at the outset to promote, position and brand their tourism destinations lucratively. Though there are many allied themes on destination branding and marketing arena, tourists' motives have been widely looked up as research emphasis the dynamic revamps being seen with the intervention of digital sources of information. However, research at this aspect is at gradual phase. This paper focuses on such a theme and tries to understand the significant impact of tourists' behavior towards esources of information on their motives. Literary sources have been analyzed and hypothesis has been formulated. To test the assumption, the research location has been chosen - a district in Tamil Nadu state which serves wide range of tourists' motives and bestowed with distinct tourism attractions. A Structured questionnaire containing the necessary items measuring the study factors has been floated to 422 tourists through convenient sampling technique. However, 327 have been rounded as the final sample after excluding the illegible responses. Three Stage Analysis has been performed where Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) has been sued for data reduction and exploring the new factors, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) has been used for identifying and confirming the individual models and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) has been used for understanding the structural relationship between the factors. Model fit has been found for CFA and SEM. Significant impact has been found by tourists' behavior towards the esources of information on tourists' motives. Simple Percentage Analysis (SPA) has been used to analyze the distribution of respondents based on their personal factors. Suggestions to the marketers and policy makers have been provided through managerial implications. Theoretical recommendations have also been narrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the travel spending behaviour of international tourists inside happier destinations. The empirical model is tested for 58 developed and developing countries. Applying various estimation methods and two different measures of nations' happiness, the results show that tourists spend more on travelling inside a destination where local people are happier. In addition, we find that foreign tourists' expenditures on travelling are higher in countries with a higher quality of travel infrastructure and larger numbers of World Heritage sites. Our results provide some implications for tourism planners and authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Events tourism is recognized as a significant and essential part of economic development strategies in developing countries as this industry affects the economy and the development of tourist destinations. Globally, many destinations are exploiting sport events as a strategic tool for energizing and themselves. In recent years, it has been widely accepted by tourism destination managers that sport events tourism make huge contributions to the tourism industry and the economy through foreign capital inflows. Various studies demonstrate that there is growing interest or even hunger to host sport events tourism as promoting development is evident in both developing and developed countries. Events tourism has demonstrated a significant growth over the years in both developing and developed countries. Nowadays, events are utilized as catalysts to develop and market host destinations. Therefore, the image of the host destination can improve and this can potentially lead to an influx of tourists to the host destination. Sporting events benefit destinations in various ways such as the infrastructural developments, foreign investment and foreign exchange, which leads to entrepreneurial opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic situation greatly changed the entire tourism sector and influenced the digital search and importance of the tourist destination image and presence in social media. Moreover, the virtual trips, open galleries and museums for virtual tours are expected to generate future interest and enhance the tourist arrivals in post-pandemic era. At the same time the identification of recognizable image-making attractions at destination level is complex process and difficult measure and manage. The purpose of the study is to identify and evaluate the presence of major tourist attractions in different digital channels - social media and platforms, as recognizable image-making sites about capital city. The methodology is primary data analysis of freely shared digital content based on key words and hashtags used in social media such as Instagram, Pinterest, Flikr. The data was gathered manually from 15th Apr 2015-15th May 2021 and 17000 posts in total were analysed for this study. The impact of the content was evaluated by type of pictures, major attractions and number of likes, comments and shares on the post. The results showed that there is limited number of digital contents related to the selected specific key words. There is no clear image of the Sofia city in the analysed social channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento (RT&D) / Journal of Tourism & Development is the property of Associacao de Gestao e Planeamento em Turismo da Universidade de Aveiro (AGPTUA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Well-being is considered one of the highest values in human life. Although previous studies have discussed the tourists' well-being outcomes, the impact of tourism on residents' happiness has received less empirical attention in tourism research. This study aims to explore the effects of tourism development on residents' happiness in a group of countries by using panel data analysis. The results demonstrate that tourism arrivals negatively influence residents' happiness in the short term and have positive effects on residents' happiness in the long term. These findings contribute to describing the well-being impacts of tourism, differentiating between long- and short-term outcomes, and providing recommendations for destination management and tourism authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastronomy and gastronomic products have been used more widely in the marketing of destinations in recent years. Local cuisine, food culture and gastronomic identity of a city can attract local and foreign visitors to the city. Thus, destinations are recognized, differentiated and on the way to branding. Turkey is a country where different cultures live together and each city has its own unique cuisine. The city of Izmir, as a result of hosting different cultures throughout its history, has had a unique cuisine and is the third largest city in Turkey in terms of population. It is a very convenient and attractive destination in terms of gastronomy and gastronomy tourism. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of gastronomy tourism on destination branding with the case of Izmir. For this purpose, in this study, a supply-side stakeholder analysis was carried out with semi-structured interviews, which is one of the qualitative research techniques. The obtained data were analyzed by content analysis. As a result of the research, the effect of gastronomy tourism on the branding of İzmir destination has been proven, but it has been revealed that this effect is not sufficient and strong in İzmir today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourist experiences are the product of a temporally extended series of events and activities. The temporal distance from actual experiences distorts the recalled evaluation of their experiences so tourists photograph to record their experiences and consume the place. Tourist photographs build a positive image of a destination when they effectively evoke positive feelings (i.e. affective image) and provide clear information about the physical and functional characteristics (i.e. cognitive image) of the destination. Despite its strong evocative power in constructing a meaning and assessing the place and experience, colour receives little attention in existing tourist photograph literature. Assuming colour as a proxy of tourist experiences, I explore whether, and how, colour in tourist photographs represents tourist experiences and destination consumption. The psychophysical paradigm, which proposes that the quality of the scenery or landscape reflects not only its intrinsic attributes but also the eyes of the beholder, provides a theoretical foundation. A purposely developed colour extraction and analysis tool identifies colour distribution patterns from 2,131 tourist photographs and Leximancer discovers word-like concepts (e.g. regular nouns and adjectives) from the corresponding comments and tags collected from the Facebook of Queensland Tourism Board in Australia. Findings reveal five distinctive groups based on colour distribution patterns and associated concepts. For example, tourist photographs of Fraser Coast show dominantly blue and secondarily orange whereas photographs of Sunshine Coast show balanced blue and orange. Tourist photographs from the destinations sharing similar geographic characteristics often display dissimilar colour patterns. It suggests that destinations can be grouped together by colour patterns and conceptual similarity, instead of geographical characteristics. The results further support that colours in tourist photographs are a significant representamen of tourist experiences and destination image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The condition of slopes, climates, weathers as well as natural disasters are variables considered by tourists. The study aimed to analyze typologies of tourism visits on types of tourism destination with slope classification and formulate development and disaster mitigation of tourism area. The location was the Mount Lawu area, Karangany ar Regency. The data were empirical conditions, documents, and spatial. Data collection techniques were field observations, document viewing, mapping, and interview. Data analysis were carried out in five steps. The results show three typologies of tourism visits in accordance with types of tourism destination based on slope levels. The development and disaster mitigation of tourism areas are conducted "for", "with", "by", and "from" community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Actually, tourism remains a real strength of economic activity for all nations. However, this latest health crisis has really infected it negatively, and this is explained by the various damages that experienced the sector since the spread of the virus. As a result, several methods have been put in place to refresh the activity. Several visions lead to digital marketing, because it is the ideal and quick solution to get out of this situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academica Turistica is the property of University of Primorska, Faculty of Tourism Studies - Turistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents the findings of a preliminary investigation into factors affecting the destination choice of British skiers travelling to Bulgaria and particular, the choice between different resorts - Borovets, Bansko and Pamporovo. In the past various 'decision' elements can be found discussed in the literature, including income, family size, cost, accessibility, skill level, snow conditions and terrain diversity. However, in this research were given other suggestions related to the ski area - length of ski slopes, variety of ski slopes by difficulty, natural snow fall frequency and quality of the artificial snow on the ski slopes, capacity and quality of lifts and quality of ski instructors ability and ski hire equipment. Also, subjects like nature, transportation accessibility, hotel/accommodation quality, hospitality of local people and general "Value for money" are few of the most important features, which plays a role of a destination choice for the British skiers. According to the opinions of the specialists (respondents) shared in the individual interviews, the choice of a vacation destination and the formation of preferences for it is based on a recognizable image, a good reputation, awareness of the main competitive advantages of a given destination, and hence the importance of this image and reputation for the competitiveness of tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work was an extract from a major research on understanding personality and image of destination. This portion of research intended to identify a theoretical model consisting of cognitive destination image, destination personality traits and tourists motivation in destination branding context and to validate it hypothetically. This research was carried out in Coimbatore District -- an emerging destination in Tamil Nadu, India between 2018 and 2019. Flourishing erratic tourism industry's scenarios and the need for academic research blended as the motive for this for this model-based study. Evidence was found in the literature that tourists' belief about the destination, tourists' motivation and perceived destination personality traits were found interrelated. Thus, the theoretical model was found. For validating the proposed model, a questionnaire confirmed through pilot study containing the required study variables was circulated to the tourists who visited the destination for tourism purposes. With the sample size as 448 after screening and eliminating the illegible responses, three stage process of analysis that include Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling had been performed. The conceptual model was validated and found that there existed the interrelationship between tourists' perceived cognitive image, perceived personality traits of the destination and tourists' motivation to tour. Marketers of destinations were suggested to use the model for formulating branding and marketing activities. The scope for further research was pointed out on expanding the research model with other destination perspectives considering the outcome as base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ongoing digital revolution is transforming economic production systems as well as our daily lives. If the expectancies in terms of innovation and opportunities are very high on the supply side, little is known about the effective uses of digital tools by customers and the impact on them and their consumption patterns, especially in a situation of mobility. Tourism for example has been tremendously impacted by the digital transformation. It has changed the way people plan, book and travel, but also the way the stakeholders communicate on their destination. But it is also expected that mobile and wireless technologies change the tourist experience of the destination. Mobile devices could induce change in tourist behaviour at the last minute in situ. By using an analysis in terms of services, we suggest that suppliers and tourists in territories coproduce M-tourism services. These services depend on the tourist behaviour but also on the supply, which is available in the destination. Drawing on a survey conducted on the Champs Elysées in Paris in 2018, this paper analyses how different types of people (tourists, residents, workers, etc.) are using these digital services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the research we wanted to find out what are the tourism practices that tourists perceive as sustainable at tourist destinations in Slovenia that have the Slovenia Green sustainability certificate. We have selected eight destinations. The main method of work was surveying, followed by the analysis of the results. We analyzed 1444 surveys. We found that only 50% of respondents know about the sustainability certificate for tourist destinations, that the most recognizable sustainable practice in destinations is the possibility of using water for drinking from the tap, and that the biggest drawback in destinations is inadequate public passenger transport. We conclude that destinations should invest in more effective propaganda of the sustainability certificate and make more visible progress, especially in the field of public passenger transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism management requires an understanding of the structures that govern the behaviour of the Tourism system and its development. Despite the strong growth of this activity in recent decades, studies in this regard are still below needs. In this context, the purpose of this paper was to investigate the cause–effect relationships between variables related to Tourism development using the System Dynamics technique. A bibliographic research was carried out to provide empirical evidence for the construction of the model. The result presented is a Causal Loop Diagram composed of seven units in dynamic interaction: tourists, natural and cultural resources, attractions (attractiveness), infrastructure and superstructure, Tourism services and equipment, Tourism demand (market) and competitive rivalry (market). The microenvironment and macroenvironment of the system were also highlighted. The results show that the pattern of Tourism Development Dynamics, with two dominant loops conjugated in negative feedback, follows the behaviour of an S-Shaped Curve. However, this behaviour can be altered by the influence of infrastructure and superstructure on natural and cultural resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecotourism as the basis for the territory development is determined by a certain quantitatively measured capacity of the territory. Also, all planned activities cannot exceed the load level, which is calculated for the tourist destination to retain its properties. The relevance of the study of calculating the ecotourism potential model is connected with the Arctic region currently being unique in its properties, which makes its tourist capacity is very limited. The novelty of the study is the development of a methodology for assessing the potential of ecotourism, factoring in the shortcomings of all current methods of such an assessment. The authors consider not only the evaluation mechanism itself, but also present its mathematical apparatus. In particular, it is determined that for each of the regions the introduction of correlation coefficients is required depending on the specialization of a particular region. The authors identify features of the assessment on the part of not only the management mechanism, but also the convenience of conducting the assessment for tourists themselves. The practical application of the developed assessment system is the construction of user-specific mechanisms for assessing and rating regions by the ease of use and the availability of tourism infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyse how memorable local gastronomic experiences and tourists' gastronomy-related traits influence destination loyalty and future intentions. A fuzzy set model is used to examine these intricate relationships using samples of US tourists who visited Europe and Asia. The findings reveal that dimensions of memorable local gastronomic experience and their influence on destination loyalty differ based on tourists' personal gastronomic traits. Hospitality explained destination loyalty well when combined with social interaction, neophilia, and local gastronomy tourism-induced wellbeing. Theoretical and practical insights are provided to aid destination planning and local food marketing efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soundscape is an essential type of attraction in tourism destinations. Music can serve as a significant tourist attraction that makes people immersed in it. Similarly, while tourists linger in the leisure and recreation environment, they may have a flow experience of the soundscape in tourism attractions. Yet, there is little research about the relationship between tourists' perception of soundscape and flow experience. Taking Lijiang old town, a world heritage site, as an example, this study explored the dimensions of tourists' perception of soundscape and soundscape flow experience and examined the influence of soundscape perception on soundscape flow experience. The results indicate that soundscape perception includes three dimensions: preference, comfort, and richness. The flow experience of soundscape is a second-order construct in this research, which contains four dimensions: time distortion, control, enjoyment, and concentration. Besides, preference and richness positively influence flow experience, and flow experience contributes to behavioural intention, whereas comfort does not significantly affect flow experience. This study applied flow theory to soundscape research, which enriches the study of soundscape experience. This study has also provided management strategies for tourism destinations to improve the quality of the soundscape experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is one of the fast growing and developing industries of Ho Chi Minh economy. However, challenges in terms of infrastructure, business model remain and low return visitor rate. The goals of the research are to systemize and to select the factors that affect the decision to select Ho Chi Minh City as the tourist destination of North American tourists from the research's result; then to build the web model (SEM). Basing on those bases to propose the administrative implications, which attract North American tourists to come to Ho Chi Minh City. The methods of the research included the qualitative analysis and the quantitative analysis. In the qualitative analysis, the research performed descriptive statistics, verified the scale, analyzed EFA and CFA factors, built the web model SEM and verified the differences between the demographic characteristics groups of North American tourists. The number of samples, which was selected to survey, was n = 250 with 36 observed variables by means of practically surveying. Then, the survey's results, which based on verifying the hypotheses of the being built research's model, were processed and analyzed to provide the results which achieve the statistically significance. The results showed that all the initial predictions are realistic; the 7 being analyzed factors, which have affected the decision to select Ho Chi Minh City as the tourist destination of North American tourists such as, Food, Prices, Local people, Tourism motivations, Destination images, Social network and Social values. In particular, the factor that has the most effect on the decision to select Ho Chi Minh city as the tourist destination of North American tourists is "Destination images". Through its finding and some recommendations and implications are suggested enhancing traveler intention to return and increase awareness of tourism in Ho Chi Minh City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The provision of digital payments in tourism destinations has developed into a value-added service. This research seeks to uncover the phenomenon of the adoption of digital payment technology by tourists in tourist destinations associated with their attitudes regarding perceptions of service quality and return visit interest. PLS-SEM analyses TAM dimensions, service quality, and digital payment user satisfaction in return visits to tourism destinations. Using data from 212 respondents, the study found that perceived ease of use of digital payments significantly influenced the perception of service quality. These relations significantly affect satisfaction, an antecedent of consideration for return visits to tourism destinations. Practically, this research provides the fact that digital payments can be a factor that strengthens visits for tourists. Destination managers need to integrate their payment operations into the digital system thoroughly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social Media is becoming more important in the daily lives of consumers and can plays a major role in forming impressions about tourism destinations. This is especially true during the current pandemic, when traveling is restricted and people increase the time they spend online. Social media can play a distinguished role in searching for and sharing travel information. Moreover, social media also impacts travel decisions regarding which destination to select. Therefore it is particularly important for the tourism industry, where competition to attract tourists is the biggest concern. The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of social media on the destination image and impact on the visit decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism destinations these days focus on tourism development with little marketing attention. This study's main aim is to assess destination marketing challenges and prospects in the Southern Ethiopian Route. The study employed a descriptive research design with a mixed research approach. Data were collected from tourists, culture/tourism experts, security personnel, road authorities and tourism businesses through questionnaires, interviews and FGD who were approached through convenience and purposive sampling techniques. The study revealed tourists are more impressed by cultural diversity which is a motivating factor, hospitality and natural attractions. Security, accessibility and quality of service are aspects tourists wouldn't like to recommend. Furthermore, seasonality, cost of media and security threats are the main challenges faced by tourism businesses. Previous image, accessibility and security are challenges faced by DMO. The destination is lagging in marketing activities compared with its immense tourism potential. The study approaches destination marketing in a tourist route context, which makes it unique from previous enquiry attempts. Theoretical and practical implications are also forwarded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role architectural ensemble of Metropolitans Residence of Bukovina and Dalmatia in the formation of the Chernivtsi tourist image was analyzed in the article. Metropolitans Residence of Bukovina and Dalmatia is one of the the most popular tourist sites in Ukraine. The quantitative indicators of the monument's attendance by tourists from Ukraine and abroad in the period from 2018 to 2021 are analyzed. Ways and measures have been identified that would increase the number of visitors to the Metropolitans Residence of Bukovina and Dalmatia. One of the four aspects of the tourist image of the city was identified - the real image of Chernivtsi. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed and a questionnaire was conducted among tourists from different regions of Ukraine who visited the city of Chernivtsi and the Residence of the Metropolitans of Bukovina and Dalmatia. The purpose of the survey was to determine the impressions of tourists after visiting the monument and to find out, in their opinion, its role in forming a positive image of the city of Chernivtsi. 2,500 people of different ages took part in the survey. Questionnaire survey (11 questions) was conducted by online e-mail, google-forms and by survey on social networks. The survey revealed the real image of Chernivtsi and the role of the architectural ensemble of the Metropolitans Residence in its formation. The answers of the respondents showed the problematic moments and reasons why the real image of Chernivtsi is still far from optimal. Therefore, the results of the study can be taken into account in the formation of the optimal image of the city of Chernivtsi and future research in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Couchsurfing is a website, i.e., a platform that provides services to those who dare to use free accommodation in someone's home and a platform that offers the opportunity to socialize with other Couchsurfers and join groups where mutual experiences on tourism and destination activities are exchanged. Given that the concept of Couchsurfing is unusual in comparison to other platforms of sharing economy, the aim of this research paper is to determine the profile or characteristics of platform users and the impact of Couchsurfing on destination tourism. The main goal is to answer the question on how a platform that provides free accommodation in a foreigner's home contributes to the development of tourism and the recognition of the destination. For this purpose, a survey questionnaire on the attitudes of users was conducted, as well as an in-depth interview with the hosts. Methods of analysis, comparison and descriptive method were used. The focus of the research is Croatia as a tourist destination and the key results include financial analysis in terms of consumption and registration of tourists on Couchsurfing who do not pay the sojourn tax, as well as the effects of supply, demand and marketing through tourists' activities in the destination including social media and other destination image forming activities. These aspects were complemented by research on the safety and future of Couchsurfing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to provide insights into the impact of visitors' lifestyle choices on the development of eco-tourism destinations by testing the acceptance of various lifestyle-based rules and regulations implemented by hotels while developing eco-friendly accommodation for travellers. The proposed research is the combined approach of both qualitative and quantitative research methodology. People from all the groups were included and allowed to be a part of this research. Further in this research, we are considering travellers' views towards designed guidelines that alter their lifestyle choices while visiting a particular tourism destination. The study found that visitors' lifestyle choices while visiting the destination significantly impact the development of an eco-tourism destination. In this research, we tested 6 different guidelines for eco-tourism destinations by collecting data from 112 participants. And Out of all the designed guidelines, three guidelines gained more acceptance among visitors with higher median scores compared to others. Further, to evaluate the influence of intervention, a non-parametric post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied to test if there were any impact of guidelines that sync with visitors' lifestyle choices on the remaining designed guidelines. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to test the impact of travellers' lifestyle choices on the development of eco-tourism destinations. In this research, the authors have analyzed guidelines by considering existing ecotourism destinations. The conducted research intends to provide priority among designed guidelines for eco-tourism destinations that can assist hotel owners in the hospitality industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]