1. Contrast Enhancement Patterns after Irreversible Electroporation: Experimental Study of CT Perfusion Correlated to Histopathology in Normal Porcine Liver.
- Author
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Chung DJ, Sung K, Osuagwu FC, Wu HH, Lassman C, and Lu DS
- Subjects
- Ablation Techniques methods, Animals, Male, Models, Animal, Radiography, Interventional, Swine, Ultrasonography, Interventional, Contrast Media, Electroporation methods, Liver diagnostic imaging, Liver surgery, Radiographic Image Enhancement, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Purpose: To analyze ablated tissue zones after irreversible electroporation (IRE) of porcine liver using computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging with histopathologic correlation., Materials and Methods: Under ultrasound and CT guidance, 10 IRE ablations were performed percutaneously in three Yorkshire pigs using a single bipolar electrode. CT perfusion imaging was performed in all pigs immediately after ablation and on day 2. Pathologic sections were prepared for correlation with histopathology (hematoxylin-eosin and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling stains, 5-mm-thick slices). The short diameter of different enhancing zones on CT was correlated with the gross specimen., Results: CT perfusion images showed three differently enhancing zones: zone 1, inner nonenhancing zone; zone 2, middle well-defined progressive internal enhancement zone; and zone 3, outer ill-defined arterial enhancement zone with rapid washout. On histopathology, zone 1 showed a strong correlation with a pale zone, and zone 2 correlated with a red zone, together accounting for the extent of cell death. Zone 3 was outside of the ablation zone and contained inflammatory cells. Each enhancing zone had different perfusion parameters., Conclusions: CT perfusion imaging in the acute setting effectively demonstrates histopathologic tissue zones after IRE ablation. Zone 2 is unique to IRE not seen in thermal ablation, characterized by progressive intra-zonal enhancement, and its outer boundary defines the extent of cell death., (Copyright © 2016 SIR. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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