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Late blight (LB) caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary is a highly destructive disease of tomato and appears worldwide. The losses caused by late blight depend on several factors, but main are weather conditions, genotype and amount of inoculum. The aim of this paper was to determine the reaction to the late blight in ten tomato genotypes under conditions of natural infection and to detect the potential sources of resistance. These genotypes are from tomato seed collection of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. Two wild Solanum species (S. pimpinellifolium and S. habrochaites), four varieties, two lines and one population were included in the trial. Weather conditions in Serbia in 2014 were very favourable for the disease development. Six assessments of LB intensity were performed from the end of June until the beginning of September. Per each genotype twenty four plants were evaluated according to 0-9 scale. Obtained data were transformed to percent and analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Intensity of LB symptoms on tomato plants in the second and third assessment in July was very low, up to 10%. In the following evaluations, the level of the infection increased and in the final assessment, wild species and local population grouped as less susceptible to the disease. However, the intensity of late blight, under extremely favourable weather conditions, was also high, 50% on wild species S. pimpinellifolium and S. habrochaites and 70% on local population Volovsko srce.

This study investigates variability of tomato genotypes based on morphological and biochemical fruit traits. Experimental material is a part of tomato genetic collection from Institute of Filed and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia. Genotypes were analyzed for fruit mass, locule number, index of fruit shape, fruit colour, dry matter content, total sugars, total acidity, lycopene and vitamin C. Minimum, maximum and average values and main indicators of variability (CV and σ) were calculated. Principal component analysis was performed to determinate variability source structure. Four principal components, which contribute 93.75% of the total variability, were selected for analysis. The first principal component is defined by vitamin C, locule number and index of fruit shape. The second component is determined by dry matter content, and total acidity, the third by lycopene, fruit mass and fruit colour. Total sugars had the greatest part in the fourth component.

Tomato is one of the most important species belonging to the Solanaceae family. Focusing on the importance of tomato in human nutrition and the problem of narrowed genetic variability, the aim of the study was to assess morphological and chemical diversity in IFVCNS germplasm collection. Twenty genotypes were analysed for the morphological and chemical fruit traits: average mass (g), length (cm), diameter (cm), pericarp thickness (mm), locules number, moisture content (%), total soluble solids (°Brix), ash content (%), total acidity (%) and pH value. Selected plant material for analysis included: landraces, traditional varieties, breeding lines and commercial varieties. Differences among tomato genotypes in all fruit traits were determined. Fruit mass and locules number had the highest coefficient of variation. The least differences between genotypes were observed in the fruit moisture content. Four principal components accounted for 90.6% of total variance or 36.5%, 24.2%, 19.8% and 10.1%, respectively. Along the axis of the first main component, genotypes were classified into three groups. The first component was defined by fruit length, diameter and mass. The second component was correlated with pericarp thickness and locules number, and the third with moisture content, ash content and total soluble solids. Based on the cluster analysis, genotypes were classified into three groups which were in agreement with the PCA groups. Hybridization between genotypes from different groups was proposed in order to create new hybrids and varieties and to increase tomato germplasm diversity. By crossing those genotypes, improved recombinations in morphological and chemical traits can be expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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