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In recent decades the importance of tomato considered as “functional food” is reflected in the rising trend of harvested areas and consumption per capita. During three consecutive years (2010-2012) at experimental fields in Rimski Šančevi near Novi Sad, five landraces, four old varieties, eight breeding lines and three commercial cultivars were chosen for the investigation. Following fruit characteristics were analyzed: average weight (g), length (cm), width (cm), pericarp thickness (mm), locule number, moisture content (%), total soluble solids (°Brix), ash content (%), total acidity (%) and pH value. For the most fruit characteristics high variability was determined. Four principal components explained 90,6% of total variance or 36.5%, 24.2%, 19.8% and 10.1, respectively. Along the axis of the first main component, genotypes were classified into three groups. The objective of this study was to classify 20 tomato genotypes based on physical and chemical traits and to segregate perspective genotypes for improvement of tomato quality by breeding programs.

The purpose of the study was to investigate variability source structure and contribution of particular traits in total variability of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) germplasm collection. Plant material, belonging to the collection of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad included: 5 landraces, 10 old varieties, 10 breeding lines and 4 commercial varieties. The trial was set at the experimental fields of the Rimski Sančevi site, during 2010-2012. Observations were recorded on the first truss and following traits were analyzed: fruit length (FL) and width (FW), locules number (LN), pericarp thickness (P7), dry matter content (DM), average fruit weight (FWe), fruit yield per plot (FY/plot), number of fruits per plot (NF/plot), average fruit number per plant (FN/plant), number of days from germination to the beginning of maturity (ND). Principal Component Analysis was performed in statistical software STATISTICA 12.

Five local tomato populations and fourteen heirloom cultivars were analyzed in this study. The analyzed genotypes represent a part of tomato collection of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The following fruit and plant traits were analyzed: growth type, fruit color, fruit shape index, fruit weight, number of locules and dry matter content. Cluster analysis was performed so as to group the analyzed genotypes by homology and divergence. The aim of this article was to determine the importance of heirloom cultivars and local populations as sources of genetic variability in tomato breeding process. U ovom istraživanju je analizirano 5 lokalnih populacija i 14 starih sorti paradajza. Ispitivani genotipovi predstavljaju deo kolekcije paradajza Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Analizirane su sledeće osobine biljke i ploda: tip rasta, boja ploda, indeks oblika ploda, masa ploda, broj komora i sadržaj suve materije u plodu. Primenjena je analiza grupisanja (klaster analiza) u cilju grupisanja ispitivanih genotipova na osnovu sličnosti i razlika za ispitivana svojstva. Cilj rada je ispitivanje značaja starih sorti i lokalnih populacija kao izvora genetičke varijabilnosti u oplemenjivanju paradajza.

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is one of the most common and economically important vegetable crops grown in an open field and indoors. In Serbia, it is grown on about 20,000 ha and 180,0001 of tomato fruit are harvested. The average yields per hectare in the country are very low around 9,000 kg/ha. The reasons for such low yields do not lie in the genetic potential of tomato cultivars and hybrids grown but in the inadequacy of the growing technologies used and the reduced or inadequate application of mineral fertilizers and plant protection chemicals. The present paper describes tomato production and its demands related to growing conditions water requirements as affected by temperature, crop rotation, and soil selection. It also discusses fertilizer application in this crop as affected by soil fertility as well as tomato harvesting. Special attention is devoted to calculations used in outdoor tomato production from seeds and to the economy of tomato production. Tomato fruit production can be highly profitable, provided it makes use of appropriate cultural practices scientific discoveries and achievements of modern vegetable production. Paradajz (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) je jedna od najčešćih i ekonomski najznačajnijih povrtarskih vrsta, koje se gaje na otvorenom polju i u zaštićenom prostoru. U Srbiji se paradajz gaji na oko 20.000 ha, sa ostvarenom proizvodnjom od 180.000 t ploda. Ostvareni prosečni prinosi po hektaru su veoma niski (u Srbiji) i kreću se oko 9.000 kg po hektaru. Razlozi ovako niskih prinosa nisu u genetskom potencijalu sorti i hibrida već u neadekvatnoj tehnologiji gajenja, smanjenoj i neadekvatnoj primeni mineralnih đubriva i sredstava za zaštitu bilja. U radu su dati uslovi uspevanja potrebe za vodom u zavisnosti od temperature, plodored i izbor zemljišta za proizvodnju paradajza. Dat je osvrt na đubrenje paradajza u zavisnosti od plodnosti zemljišta, kao i berba paradajza. Posebno je obrađena kalkulacija proizvodnje paradajza na otvorenom polju iz direktne setve i ekonomičnost proizvodnje. Proizvodnja ploda paradajza je profitabilna i visoko akumulativna, ukoliko se primenjuju: pravilna agrotehnika, naučna saznanja i dostignuća savremene povrtarske proizvodnje.