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Objective:Hyperhidrosis (HH) is a disease characterized by the secretion of sweat into the skin surface in a greater amount than the normal physiological need of the body as a result of hyperactive study of eccrine sweat glands. One of the most important skin findings of patients with hyperthyroidism is HH. Thyroid hormone levels in most of the patients diagnosed as primary HH in clinical practice are within the reference values but close to the upper limit. Therefore, in this study, thyroid hormone levels of patients with primary HH were compared with the control group to determine whether there was a significant difference. Material and Methods: The study included 168 patients with primary HH and 121 age and sex-matched healthy control. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were compared between HH patients and control group. Results: Of the HH patients included in the study, 41.7% (70) were female and 58.3% (98) were male. Of the patients in the control group, 44.6% (54) were female and 55.4% (67) were male. When HH patients and control groups were compared, the levels of FT3 and FT4 were significantly higher in the HH group, but there was no significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of TSH levels. The patient and control groups were divided into subgroups according to gender and evaluated. While only FT3 was significantly higher in male patients with HH than in control group, FT3 and FT4 levels were significantly higher in female patients with HH than in the control group. Conclusion: In this study, FT3 and FT4 hormones were associated with HH. If supported by new studies on this subject, in primary HH patients keeping the thyroid hormones close to the lower limit may be considered as a treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between serum electrolytes and TSH in patients with hy-pothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Material and Methods: A total of 160 (80 hypothyroid and 80 hyperthyroid) patients and 80 age and gender matched controls were enrolled in this study, which was performed between September 2017-February 2018. Of the venous blood, 3 mL was collected from each study participant, for measurement of thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH) and electrolytes (Na, K and Ca). Results: Serum calcium was observed to be significantly high in hyperthyroid patients as compared to their controls. Serum sodium and potassium levels were not found to differ significantly among hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients compared to that in their controls. Patients with hyperthyroidism showed significant negative correlation of TSH with calcium and a non-significant positive correlation with sodium and potassium. The correlation of TSH with calcium was positive while that with potassium and sodium was negative in hypothyroid patients, though this co-relation was statistically non-significant. Conclusion: This study found high serum calcium levels in hyperthyroid patients. A significantly negative correlation was found between TSH and calcium level in hyperthy- roidism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Using data retrieved from three different hospitals, we established indirect reference intervals of free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) for the Centaur XP or the Immulite 2000 instruments, in separate reference limits at each subset. Methods: We categorized children into seven age groups: 4–7 days, 8–15 days, 16–23 days, 24–61 days, 3–6 months, 7–36 months and 4–6 years. After a Box-Cox transformation was employed, we followed the Horn algorithm to eliminate the extreme values. Results: The remaining FT4 (11,230) and TSH (11,274) tests were statistically analyzed. We determined separate reference limits at each subset with their own 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. The interaction effect of both hospital and age grouping on FT4 was meaningful, but there was no interaction effect on TSH. Conclusions: Pediatric FT4 and TSH test results should be interpreted via narrowed age groups, especially in the first 3 weeks of neonatal period. Our reference limits may be recommended in pediatric follow-ups, considering the conditions of prematurity, birth-weight or multiple births. Preanalytical and analytical variations related with complex molecular structure of FT4 should be taken into consideration to ensure the validity of the result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between sialic acid concentration and serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in hyperthyroid patients. Methods: Twenty eight subjects consisting of 14 healthy and 14 hyperthyroid patients at 25-35 years of age were used. Serum T3, T4 and TSH levels were determined using autoanalyzer, while total sialic acid (TSA) and lipid-bound sialic acid (LSA) were spectrophotometrically measured. Results: Serum TSA (p<0.001), LSA (p<0.001), T3 (p<0.05), and T4 (p<0.05), levels in patients with hyperthyroidism were higher than healthy subjects whereas serum TSH level in hyperthyroid patients was lower than (p<0.001) healthy patients. Conclusion: Positive correlation, between serum levels of T3, T4 and sialic acid concentration and a negative correlation between TSH and sialic acid level were observed in hyperthyroid patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: There is a state of hypothyroxinemia in normal pregnancy and in preeclampsia, when biochemically raised TSH occurs. Identification of changes in thyroid hormones in preeclampsia might be of help in preventing the occurrence of preeclampsia. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out in a hundred women with preeclampsia, 100 age- and parity matched normotensive pregnant women and 50 age-matched healthy non-pregnant women. Thyroid hormones [total T3,T4 and TSH], serum albumin and uric acid were analyzed in these subjects. Results: Women with preeclampsia had higher TT3, TT4 levels as compared to non pregnant women [p<0.05], but preeclamptic TT3,TT4 levels were lower compared to normotensive pregnant women [p<0.05, p<0.01]. TSH levels were higher in both preeclamptic & normotensive pregnant women compared to nonpregnant women [p<0.001] and levels were lower in normotensive pregnant women as compared to nonpregnant women [p<0.001]. A significant negative correlation was observed between birth weight and TSH levels [r=-0.296, p<0.001] serum albumin and TSH levels in preeclamptic women [r=-0.781, p<0.01]. Also, a significant positive correlation was observed between birth weight and albumin [r=0.298, p<0.001]; birth weight and serum uric acid levels [r=-0.46, p<0.01], and serum albumin and TT3 & TT4 levels [r=0.409 & r=0.35, p<0.01 respectively]. Conclusion: These findings indicate that there is state of hypothyroxinemia in normal pregnancy and in preeclampsia. Identification of changes in thyroid hormones in preeclampsia might be of help in preventing the occurrence of preeclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]