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We evaluated the effects of some dietary natural mineral materials as an antibiotic replacer based on growth performance, non-specific immune responses and disease resistance in juvenile and subadult rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. First experiment, juvenile rainbow trout averaging 2.7 ± 0.02 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the six experimental diets; a basal commercial diet as a control ( CON), CON with oxytetracycline ( OTC), with yellow loess ( YL), with Macsumsuk® ( MS), with Song-Gang® stone ( SG) and with barley stone ( BS) at 0.4% of each diet. At the end of 8-week feeding trial, weight gain ( WG), specific growth rate ( SGR), feed efficiency ( FE) and protein efficiency ratio ( PER) of fish fed YL diet were significantly higher than those of fish fed CON diet. Non-specific immune responses such as superoxide dismutase ( SOD), myeloperoxidase ( MPO), lysozyme ( LYS) activity and oxidative radical production of fish fed YL diet were higher than those of fish fed CON diet. At the end of 15 days of challenge test with Aeromonas salmonicida, average cumulative survival rate of fish fed YL diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed BS and CON diets. However, there were no significant differences among fish fed YL, SG and OTC diets. Second experiment, subadult rainbow trout averaging 261.5 ± 3.5 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the four experimental diets for 22 weeks: CON, and CON with OTC, YL or SG at 0.4% of each diet. At the end of feeding, growth performance of fish fed SG and YL diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed CON diet. Non-specific immune responses in terms of SOD, MPO, LYS and NBT of fish fed SG and YL diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed CON diet. However, there were no significant differences among the fish fed YL, SG and OTC diets. The results indicate that dietary yellow loess or Song-gang® stone at 0.4% of diet could replace oxytetracycline in juvenile and subadult rainbow trout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Treatment of atrophic scars using a fractional laser resurfacing technique has demonstrated favorable outcomes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 2,790-nm-wavelength ablative fractional resurfacing on atrophic acne scars in Asian individuals. METHODS Twenty participants (8 female, 12 male, mean age 26) with skin phototype IV and atrophic acne scars were treated with two sessions of 2,790-nm ablative fractional resurfacing laser at a 6-week interval. Objective and subjective (clinical evaluation by two blinded dermatologists) assessments were obtained at baseline and 1 and 3 months after the final treatment. RESULTS At the 3-month follow-up, 70% of the participants were rated as having at least 50% to 89% improvement of scars. Mild erythema was the most common adverse effect, observed in 30% of participants, but resolved completely in an average of 5 days. CONCLUSIONS Yttrium scandium gallium garnet ablative fractional resurfacing (2,790-nm) appears to be effective and well tolerated for the treatment of atrophic acne scars in Asians. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ablative laser resurfacing is an effective treatment for atrophic acne scars. However, it often induces complications such as edema, prolonged erythema, scarring and hyperpigmentation. Therefore, a new concept of laser treatment called fractional photothermolysis has been designed to create microscopic thermal wounds to achieve skin rejuvenation treatment of atrophic acne scars. This study was designed to prospectively evaluate the use of a technique similar to fractional photothermolysis using only the standard CO2 laser without the fractional laser device in the treatment of atrophic scars and demonstrates it as a safe, effective and economical treatment option. Clinical improvement was achieved in all 35 patients with minimal adverse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Treatment for most cases of keratosis pilaris requires simple reassurance and general skin care recommendations. Many Asian patients find lesions due to pigmented keratosis pilaris to be cosmetically unappealing. Treatment of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation using a 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with low fluence is reported. Objective: To investigate the efficacy of a novel Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of pigmented keratosis pilaris in Asian patients. Methods: Ten patients with pigmented keratosis pilaris underwent five weekly treatments using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (RevLite®®; HOYA ConBio®®, Freemont, CA, USA) at 1064 nm with a 6-mm spot size and a fluence of 5.9 J/cm2. Photographic documentation was obtained at baseline and 2 months after the final treatment. Results: Clinical improvement was achieved in all 10 patients with minimal adverse effects. Conclusion: For the treatment of keratosis pilaris, the use of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser can be helpful for improving cosmetic appearance as it can improve pigmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]