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Постановка проблемы. В лексике отображаются все изменения, происходящие в обществе, и появление новых предметов, явлений, понятий неизбежно влечет за собой создание новых наименований или расширения значения уже существующих слов. Результаты исследования. Сегодня новые слова и значения появляются в английском языке в значительном количестве. В Merriam-Webster Dictionary в 2019 году было добавлено около 1000 реалий-неологизмов, что есть показатель неологического бума в языкознании. Мы пытаемся определить, в каких сферах выявляется наибольшая словообразовательная активность. Также в рамках лингвистической теории перевода предпринимается попытка определить приоритетные способы перевода таких реалий-неологизмов с английского на русский язык. Выводы. Возникновение реалий-неологизмов превалирует сегодня в таких сферах деятельности человека, как цифровые технологии, социальная сфера, экономика, политика, наука, массовая культура и т.д. Популярные поисковые запросы в интернете тоже становятся объектом исследования лингвистов, эти слова становятся речевыми трендами. Передача неологизмов - сложная задача, но реализуемая в нашем случае в рамках лингвистической теории перевода., Statement of the problem. The vocabulary reflects all the changes taking place in society, and the emergence of new objects, phenomena, concepts inevitably leads to the creation of new words or the meaning expansion of the existing words. Results. Today new words and meanings appear in English in a significant number. About 1000 realias-neologisms were added to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary in 2019, which is an indicator of a neological boom in linguistics. We are trying to determine in which areas the greatest word-formation activity is revealed. Also, within the framework of the linguistic theory of translation, an attempt to determine priority methods for translating such realias-neologisms from English into Russian is made. Conclusion. The emergence of realias-neologisms prevails today in such areas of human activity as digital technology, social sphere, economics, politics, science, mass culture, etc. Popular search queries on the Internet also become the object of study of linguists, these words become speech trends. The translation of neologisms is a difficult task, but may be fulfilled, in our case, within the framework of the linguistic theory of translation., №4(44) (2020)

В данной статье рассматриваются сложности перевода английских пословиц и поговорок на русский язык. Рассматривается вопрос о важности компетенции переводчика для эквивалентного перевода. The article reveals the difficulties of translating English sayings and proverbs into Russian. It also highlights the importance of a translator’s competence for translation.

В данной статье рассматриваются варианты перевода предложений с сослагательными формами глагола с английского языка на русский и трудности данного вида перевода. Исследование проведено на примере текста романа Э. Хэмингуэя «The sun also rises» и его перевода «Фиеста. И восходит солнце», выполненного М. Топер. The article reveals different variants of translating sentences with subjunctive mood from English into Russian and difficulties of this kind of translation. The research is based on the novel «The sun also rises» by E. Hemingway.

Исследование терминоупотребления лексических единиц – наименований деятеля в переводных текстах официального (юридического) стиля позволило выявить связь лексического значения глагола с возможностями и особенностями аспектуальной модификации выражаемого им действия при терминообразовании наименования деятеля. Как получение нового знания выработано предложение относить к разряду «наименования лиц по занятию» лица, выделяющиеся по полупрофессиональному и / или непрофессиональному занятию. Результат отражен в предложении учитывать терминоупотребление, терминологизацию безэквивалентной лексики в переводных текстах как иллюстрации речевых актуализаций производных, а также в некотором вкладе в представления о деривационном статусе отглагольных производных – результате изменений первичного лексического значения мотивирующего слова, отраженном в семантике производного слова., The research on term usage of lexical units – agentive nominal in translated texts of the official (legal) style has allowed to identify the connection of the lexical meaning of verb with the possibilities and features of aspectual modification of the action expressed by it in the term formation of agentive nominal. There is also a proposal to include in the category of “agentive nominal by occupation” nominal distinguished by semi-professional and / or non-professional occupation. The result is in having revealed practicability of taking into account the use of terms and terminologization of non-equivalent vocabulary in translated texts as illustrations of speech actualizations of derivatives and is reflected in possible contribution to the understanding of the derivational status of verbal derivatives., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 5 (95) 2020

Zgodovinski pregled povezav med angleškim in ruskim jezikom Magistrsko delo obravnava povezave med angleškim in ruskim jezikom skozi zgodovino. Vse od prvih stikov v 16. stoletju pa do današnjega dne jezika prevzemata jezikovne značilnosti drug od drugega. Primarni vprašanji magistrskega dela sta, kdaj sta jezika stopila v stik in kako so jezikovne prvine enega vstopale v drug jezik. V prvi polovici magistrsko delo odgovarja na prvo vprašanje, in sicer z analizo nekaj knjig splošne zgodovine pridemo do zaključka, da prvi neposredni stiki segajo v 16. stoletje. Po kratki analizi zgodovin obeh jezikov, se delo osredotoča na 18. in 19. stoletje, ko povezovanje med jezikoma doseže vrhunec. V nadaljevanju delo izpostavi konkretne besede, ki so bile prevzete iz angleškega v ruski jezik in obratno. Po analizi slovarja ruskega jezika iz 18. stoletja Sorokina in historičnega slovarja angleškega jezika Littla, spoznamo, da je angleški jezik imel večji vpliv in je ruski jezik tako prevzel več angleških besed kot angleški jezik ruskih besed. Prevzemanje je bilo posledica predvsem trgovskih stikov med angleško in rusko državo ter ruska želja po napredovanju v pomorskem svetu, želja po evropeizaciji Rusije in kulturnem prestižu. V zadnjih poglavjih naloge so izpostavljena nekatera literarna dela s primeri besed, ki so bile prevzete iz angleškega v ruski jezik in obratno ter nekaj sodobnih primerov angleških besed v ruskem jeziku. Historical overview of connections between the English and Russian languages The master’s thesis deals with connections between the English and Russian language throughout history. The languages have been intertwining and borrowing linguistic items from each other since the 16th century onwards. The basic questions of the thesis are: when did the languages come into contact for the first time and how did the linguistic items of one language integrate into the other language. The first half of the thesis answers the first question. By analysing books on general history, it is concluded that the first direct contacts date back to the 16th century. After brief histories of both languages, the thesis focuses on the 18th and 19th centuries when the connections between the languages reached their peak. The following parts of the thesis expose the actual English words that were integrated into the Russian language and vice versa. After analysing Sorokin’s dictionary on the Russian language of the 18th century and Little’s historical dictionary on English, we realize that the English language had more impact than Russian. The number of English words in Russian is significantly higher than the number of Russian words in English. The borrowing of the words was the result of trading connections between Britain and Russia, and of the Russian wish to become powerful on the sea, put Russia on the European map and enjoy cultural prestige. There are some literary examples presented in the following chapter where we can see the actual usage of some words. The last chapter includes some contemporary examples of English words integrated into the Russian language.

Anglicisms came to the Russian language via language contact with the English language that became more frequent in the past few decades as a result of major socio-political changes in the Russian Federation. A great number of Anglicisms were imported in the most flexible layer of the Russian language, the Russian colloquial speech. Colloquial speech is not regulated by the strict rules so it serves as a convenient base for various types of borrowings. As the influx of Anglicisms rises, it influences the overall language situation. Part of the Russian society finds it undesireable and thus advocates the practice called linguistic purism. Purists are trying to stop the process of borrowing, considering the already existing Russian vocabulary sufficient. The situation in Russian society is specific, since the Russian purists are often motivated by many extralinguistic factors, as well. It is, however, not a sustainable practice, since language contact and word borrowing can not be stopped, and that is why it is important to deal with this topic and find the other solution to the linguistic problems that are inevitable byproduct of high influx of foreign words into one's language. Anglicizmi su ušli u ruski jezik putem jezičnog dodira s engleskim jezikom, koji je postao sve učestaliji u posljednjih par desetljeća nakon velikih socio-političkih promjena kroz koje je Ruska Federacija prošla. Veliki broz anglicizama ulazi u najfleksibilniji sloj ruskoga jezika – ruski kolokvijalni govor. Kolokvijalni govor nije reguliran strogim pravilima i kao takav služi kao plodno tlo za razne vrste posuđenica. Rastom broja posuđenih anglicizama mijenja se sveopća situacija jezika. Dio ruskoga društva smatra takve promjene nepoželjnima i iz toga razloga se okreće lingvističkom pokretu zvanom jezični purizam. Puristi nastoje zaustaviti proces posuđivanja stranih riječi, smatrajući da je već postojeći vokabular dostatan za ispunjavanje svih jezičnih potreba. Situacija u ruskome društvu je na određeni način specifična, budući da uz jezične faktore mnoge ruske puriste motiviraju i razni izvanjezični faktori. Jezični purizam, međutim, nije održivo rješenje s obzirom na to da jezični dodiri i jezično posuđivanje ne mogu biti zaustavljeni. Upravo je iz toga razloga vrlo važno baviti se ovim temama i pokušati pronaći drukčija rješenja za jezične probleme koji neminovno nastaju prilikom visokog priljeva stranih riječi u materinji jezik.