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Background: Personality disorders (PDs) comprise deeply ingrained and enduring behavioral patterns, manifesting themselves as inflexible responses to a broad range of personal and social situations. Our aim was to study sociodemographic profile and parental attitudes in patients with PDs and their comparison with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: It was an observational case-control study conducted in Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, J and K, India. A total of 41 cases and 163 controls were selected. Patients were diagnosed using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) criteria. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was used for parental attitudes. Results: The mean age of patients and controls was 22.41 (standard deviation [SD] = 4.14) and 22.52 (SD = 4.15), respectively. Majority of the participants were females, single, were from nuclear families, and belonged to upper-middle socioeconomic class. Most of the patients were borderline PD (BPD), followed by histrionic PD. The frequency and inappropriateness of punishment by parents was more in patients than controls. Conclusion: A positive correlation was seen between PDs and inappropriate parental attitudes and rearing styles. Therefore, it is required to have a better understanding of PDs and to help parents to develop skills to handle their children with utmost care in distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Minimal attention has been paid toward the relationship between diabetes and depression in developing countries such as India, despite a number of studies in developed countries, exploring casual pathway between the two highly prevalent conditions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and severity of depression among patients of diabetes attending the endocrinology department of a tertiary care hospital of Kashmir. Methodology: A total of 527 patients having diabetes of ≥6 months with age ranging from 18 years to 60 years were screened for major depressive disorder (MDD) using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV-based criteria. Severity of depression was assessed by the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Results: Depression was present in 39.65% of patients. Depression was more prevalent in the age group of 29–38 years, in females as compared to males, among literates and government employees. Prevalence of depression among Type 1 diabetic patients was 60%, while as in case of Type 2, it was 37.75%. Depressed patients had higher fasting blood glucose levels as compared to nondepressed diabetic patients. Conclusion: MDD is inordinately high among adult diabetic patients, and majority of the depressive patients have moderate intensity of MDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic psycho-physiological disorder. It is considered to be the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder, and about 50-90% of IBS patients have associated psychiatric co-morbidity. We aimed to study psychiatric co-morbidities in patients with IBS visiting a tertiary care center. Methods This was a cross-sectional case-control study conducted over a duration of one and a half years from January 2014 to July 2015. Patients were selected from the out-patient department of gastroenterology. About 160 patients with IBS who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and who gave written informed consent were selected as study cases. The healthy attendants of cases were selected as controls. A total of 200 controls were selected. Rome-III criteria were used to diagnose IBS. For diagnosing psychiatric disorders, we used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Schedule Plus. Results Mean age of our cases and controls was 39.7 ± 11.4 and 37.7 ± 9.6 years, respectively. Females outnumbered males in our cases as well as their controls by a ratio of 2:1 approximately. Psychiatric disorders were seen in 84.4% of IBS patients as compared to 41.5% in controls. Major psychiatric disorders seen in our patients were generalized anxiety disorders (30.0%) and depression (28.0%). Conclusions The majority of patients with IBS who present to a tertiary care center have co-morbid psychiatric disorders. We need to screen these patients for such co-morbidities and develop a holistic approach for better outcome in such cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]