8 results on '"Parent, Boris"'
Search Results
2. Temperature responses of developmental processes have not been affected by breeding in different ecological areas for 17 crop species.
- Author
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Parent B and Tardieu F
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Biological, Biological Evolution, Breeding, Crops, Agricultural genetics, Ecosystem, Models, Biological, Oryza genetics, Oryza growth & development, Triticum genetics, Triticum growth & development, Zea mays genetics, Zea mays growth & development, Crops, Agricultural growth & development, Genetic Variation genetics, Plant Development physiology, Plants genetics, Temperature
- Abstract
• Rates of tissue expansion, cell division and progression in the plant cycle are driven by temperature, following common Arrhenius-type response curves. • We analysed the genetic variability of this response in the range 6-37°C in seven to nine lines of maize (Zea mays), rice (Oryza spp.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) and in 18 species (17 crop species, different genotypes) via the meta-analysis of 72 literature references. • Lines with tropical or north-temperate origins had common response curves over the whole range of temperature. Conversely, appreciable differences in response curves, including optimum temperatures, were observed between species growing in temperate and tropical areas. • Therefore, centuries of crop breeding have not impacted on the response of development to short-term changes in temperature, whereas evolution over millions of years has. This slow evolution may be a result of the need for a synchronous shift in the temperature response of all developmental processes, otherwise plants will not be viable. Other possibilities are discussed. This result has important consequences for the breeding and modelling of temperature effects associated with global changes., (© 2012 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2012 New Phytologist Trust.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Simulating the effect of flowering time on maize individual leaf area in contrasting environmental scenarios
- Author
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Lacube, Sebastien, Manceau, Loïc, Welcker, Claude, Millet, Emilie J, Gouesnard, Brigitte, Palaffre, Carine, Ribaut, Jean-Marcel, Hammer, Graeme, Parent, Boris, Tardieu, François, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Unité expérimentale du maïs (BORDX ST-MARTIN UE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), University of Queensland [Brisbane], ANR-10-BTBR-0001,AMAIZING,Développer de nouvelles variétés de maïs pour une agriculture durable: une approche intégrée de la génomique à la sélection(2010), ANR-11-INBS-0012,PHENOME,Centre français de phénomique végétale(2011), European Project: 244374,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,DROPS(2010), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,Leaf growth ,Light ,Whole plant ,whole plant ,Zea mays ,Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris ,Soil ,genetic variability ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris ,[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,model ,Drought ,AcademicSubjects/SCI01210 ,Temperature ,Water ,temperature ,PE&RC ,Research Papers ,whole-plant ,Europe ,Plant Leaves ,Plant—Environment Interactions ,leaf growth ,Genetic variability ,light ,Model - Abstract
The quality of yield prediction is linked to that of leaf area. We first analysed the consequences of flowering time and environmental conditions on the area of individual leaves in 127 genotypes presenting contrasting flowering times in fields of Europe, Mexico, and Kenya. Flowering time was the strongest determinant of leaf area. Combined with a detailed field experiment, this experiment showed a large effect of flowering time on the final leaf number and on the distribution of leaf growth rate and growth duration along leaf ranks, in terms of both length and width. Equations with a limited number of genetic parameters predicted the beginning, end, and maximum growth rate (length and width) for each leaf rank. The genotype-specific environmental effects were analysed with datasets in phenotyping platforms that assessed the effects (i) of the amount of intercepted light on leaf width, and (ii) of temperature, evaporative demand, and soil water potential on leaf elongation rate. The resulting model was successfully tested for 31 hybrids in 15 European and Mexican fields. It potentially allows prediction of the vertical distribution of leaf area of a large number of genotypes in contrasting field conditions, based on phenomics and on sensor networks., Flowering time affects all processes governing whole-plant leaf area, namely rates, durations, and sensitivity to environmental conditions. Genotype dependency was assessed via large phenomic datasets in field and controlled conditions.
- Published
- 2020
4. Impact de la variabilité intra- et inter-spécifique des réponses à la température et au déficit hydrique dans la diversité des scénarios E x M
- Author
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Parent, Boris, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Montpellier (UM), FRA., Alain Ourry, and Ausset, Aurélien
- Subjects
déficit hydrique ,température ,temperature ,variabilité intra-et inter-spécifique ,scénarios E x M ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,E x M scenarios ,intra- and inter-specific variability ,water deficit - Abstract
Impact de la variabilité intra-et inter-spécifique des réponses à la température et au déficit hydrique dans la diversité des scénarios E x M
- Published
- 2021
5. Differential sensitivity to temperature and evaporative demand in wheat relatives.
- Author
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Leveau, Stéphane, Parent, Boris, Zaka, Serge, and Martre, Pierre
- Subjects
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GENETIC variation , *WHEAT breeding , *PLANT anatomy , *SPECIES diversity , *SUBSPECIES , *PLANT transpiration , *WHEAT ,LEAF growth - Abstract
There are potential sources of alleles and genes currently present in wheat-related species that have the potential to be introduced into wheat breeding programs targeting current and future hot and dry climates. However, to date neither the intra- nor the interspecific diversity of the responses of leaf growth and transpiration to temperature and evaporative demand have been investigated in across a significant range of wheat-related species. By analysing 12 groups of wheat-related species and subspecies, we were able to examine the multi-dimensional structure of the genetic diversity for traits linked to plant vegetative structures and their development, and to leaf expansion and transpiration, together with their responses to 'non-stressing' ranges of temperature and evaporative demand. In addition to providing new insights on how genome type, ploidy level, phylogeny, and breeding pressure act together to structure this genetic diversity, our study also provides new mathematical formalisms and associated parameters for trait responses across a wide range of genetic diversity in wheat-related species. This will potentially allow crop models to predict the impact of this diversity on yield, and thus to indicate potential sources of varietal improvement for modern wheat germplasms through interspecific crosses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Quantifying Wheat Sensitivities to Environmental Constraints to Dissect Genotype × Environment Interactions in the Field1[OPEN]
- Author
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Parent, Boris, Bonneau, Julien, Maphosa, Lance, Kovalchuk, Alex, Langridge, Peter, and Fleury, Delphine
- Subjects
Soil ,Genotype ,Quantitative Trait Loci ,Seeds ,Temperature ,food and beverages ,Water ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,Articles ,Flowers ,Environment ,Triticum ,Droughts - Abstract
Yield is subject to strong genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions in the field, especially under abiotic constraints such as soil water deficit (drought [D]) and high temperature (heat [H]). Since environmental conditions show strong fluctuations during the whole crop cycle, geneticists usually do not consider environmental measures as quantitative variables but rather as factors in multienvironment analyses. Based on 11 experiments in a field platform with contrasting temperature and soil water deficit, we determined the periods of sensitivity to drought and heat constraints in wheat (
- Published
- 2017
7. Phenotyping for the response to drought and high temperatures in a diversity of scenarios
- Author
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Tardieu, Francois, Millet, Emilie, Alvarez Prado, Santiago, Coupel-Ledru, Aude, Cabrera Bosquet, Llorenç, Lacube, Sébastien, Parent, Boris, Welcker, Claude, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)
- Subjects
Vegetal Biology ,scénario climatique ,maïs ,qtl ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,tolérance à la sécheresse ,interception de la lumière ,maize ,modèle structure fonction ,plateforme de phénotypage ,tolérance à la chaleur ,water stress ,maquette 3d ,température ,région génomique ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,stress hydrique ,Milieux et Changements globaux ,Biologie végétale - Abstract
The plant science community has to design new genotypes that are able to cope with the diversity of environmental conditions linked to climate change. A major issue is to combine genomic selection with knowledge originating from phenotyping. We have adopted for that a multi-scale multi-environment approach. In the field, it consisted of clustering time courses of environmental variables over Europe into six scenarios of temperature and water deficit experienced by plants; of performing field experiments in 29 contrasting environmental conditions across Europe with a panel of 250 maize hybrids; assigning individual experiments to previously defined scenarios, and finally analysing the genetic variation of plant performance for each environmental scenario via genome wide association studies (GWAS). Large variations of QTL effects depending on environmental scenarios resulted in a pattern associated with each QTL. In a phenotyping platform (Phenoarch), we have estimated intercepted light and radiation use efficiency of each hybrid of the same panel via a functional-structural model using 3D reconstructions of each plant, and the sensitivity of growth to water deficit of each hybrid via a joint analysis of several experiments with contrasting light, evaporative demand and soil water potential. As a whole, the combination of field and platform approaches results in a dataset that allows one to identify genomic regions associated with tolerance in specific scenarios of heat and drought, and with traits associated to these genomic regions. Finally, models allow identifying geographical regions in which a given combination of alleles is likely to have comparative advantages.
- Published
- 2017
8. Experimental and modeling evidence of carbon limitation of leaf appearance rate for spring and winter wheat.
- Author
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Baumont, Maeva, Parent, Boris, Manceau, Loïc, Brown, Hamish E, Driever, Steven M, Muller, Bertrand, and Martre, Pierre
- Subjects
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WINTER wheat , *PLANT development , *CARBON dioxide , *PHOTOPERIODISM , *PHOTOSYNTHESIS , *CROP yields - Abstract
Accurate predictions of the timing of physiological stages and the development rate are crucial for predicting crop performance under field conditions. Plant development is controlled by the leaf appearance rate (LAR) and our understanding of how LAR responds to environmental factors is still limited. Here, we tested the hypothesis that carbon availability may account for the effects of irradiance, photoperiod, atmospheric CO2 concentration, and ontogeny on LAR. We conducted three experiments in growth chambers to quantify and disentangle these effects for both winter and spring wheat cultivars. Variations of LAR observed between environmental scenarios were well explained by the supply/demand ratio for carbon, quantified using the photothermal quotient. We therefore developed an ecophysiological model based on the photothermal quotient that accounts for the effects of temperature, irradiance, photoperiod, and ontogeny on LAR. Comparisons of observed leaf stages and LAR with simulations from our model, from a linear thermal-time model, and from a segmented linear thermal-time model corrected for sowing date showed that our model can simulate the observed changes in LAR in the field with the lowest error. Our findings demonstrate that a hypothesis-driven approach that incorporates more physiology in specific processes of crop models can increase their predictive power under variable environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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