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Radio telemetry is used in many remote monitoring and remote control applications, such as in environmental monitoring, pollution monitoring, weather forecasting, and other applications. In typical applications sensors are used to collect data and this data is then transmitted to a remote receiving station where it is analysed. This paper outlines the basic principles of the radio telemetry systems and gives an example to show how such a system can be designed and used in teaching the principles of radio telemetry. The designed system is based on a popular microcontroller.

This paper presents a post-hoc analysis of telemetry data processing systems, introduces the design ideas and composition structure of the system, discussed in detail the design and implementation of key technologies demodulation processing module and the module frame involved. System to achieve a recording deal with post hoc analysis of telemetry data, to solve the current telemetry signal reception playback devices, high maintenance costs, has some economic benefits.

Telemetry data frame structure is complicated and changeable, so telemetry pre-processing software cannot be universal. To solve this problem, a component method was proposed in this paper, which can effectively compensate for the deficiencies of the traditional method. XML files were employed to configure telemetry parameters, including the information of appropriate processing method for data processing. Based-on memory-mapped telemetry source data extraction can greatly improve source extraction speed, and data integrity is guaranteed by sub-frame data fusion. Subsequent telemetry software developing shows that the method can improve the reusability of pre-processing module and shorten the system development time.

The most rational scenarios for strategies for constructing and developing on-board telemetry systems and software-hardware means for the telemetry complex of a space-vehicle launch site are determined on the basis of previous research and a problem-oriented morphological analysis. The appropriateness of the current choice of scenario is justified in terms of the actual development of these systems and equipment and the corresponding information technologies.

Measurement of the energy cost of walking in children with cerebral palsy or spina bifida is difficult due to the cumbersome nature of equipment used to assess oxygen consumption. Such information collected with a lightweight telemetric system, the Cosmed K2, correlated well with that from a non-portable breath-by-breath system associated with a treadmill. The K2 did not significantly affect regular gait pattern as measured by gait analysis, and repeatability was satisfactory. Measurement of the energy cost of walking in the individual is unreliable in detecting differences of less than 10%; comparison between groups is more useful.

Mini Mobile Telemetry System is a ruggedized pc with three screens which the receiver board, the decommutator board and the GPS time generator board has placed in. Customized panels are used for RF, GPS signal inputs and serial data outputs for the flexible operational usage of the system. Various types of antennas are used for different operational scenarios. Mini Mobile Telemetry System which is designed and configured for special needs of TAI Turkish Aerospace Industries Inc., serves for three main purposes. The first purpose of the system is to serve such a portable telemetry station which one person could transport, install and operate on field easily. System could support up to three flight test engineers with customized displays which could be enough for a low risk test flight without occupying huge telemetry ground station. The second purpose of the system is to have the chance for to be fixed in a mid-size A/C such a flying test bed. The real time visualization of data which is gathered from the vehicle under test during a flight test is possible. There will be no problem about the target range in reasonable ranges and LOS on the A/C that chase the vehicle under test with proper antenna installation. The third purpose of the system is to serve such a flying relay station for scenarios that LOS or range limits between ground station and vehicle under test could not be achieved. Such maneuvers performed at low altitude or out of range for receiving antenna on ground could be examples.

Telemetry is an essential subsystem in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Remote-Sensing satellites, as it is responsible for gathering satellite housekeeping data from all satellite subsystems, malfunction detection, performance evaluation and statistics. In this paper, a novel Checkout-and-Testing-Equipment (CTE) is proposed which simulates the Telemetry interfaces to other satellite subsystems and the Telemetry inputs such as: satellite sensors, and tests the full functionality of the Telemetry software/hardware. Besides, this work models the Telemetry data-acquisition core (Sensors Commutators) using LabVIEW. This new CTE is designed and implemented using LabVIEW and verified using National Instruments (NI) modules such as: NI Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (VISA), NI PXI-6509, NI PXI-6723 and NI PXI-4110. The Telemetry software framework is developed using the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) of C8051f120 Silicon Labs microcontroller.

This paper introduces the implementation of Industrial Telemetry and control networks over GSM-SMS (Short Message Service). A GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) modem TC35 and microcontroller is integrated to complete data acquisition and communication to the control center. SMS is cost-efficiency means to transfer data and control information over the GSM networks. Design of the data acquisition terminal and framework of the telemetry control system is present; the system has come into use in industrial sections.

This paper describes an electronic system for telemetry and control applications of distributed systems. It consists of a portable electronic circuit (portable module) that can be connected up to various types of sensors depending on the application to be used in each case, together with a mobile-telephony communications system. Different portable modules can be used to build up a communication network governed by a central control unit (personal computer and communications system); communication can be established from the control centre with any portable module for sending or receiving information; it is also possible to modify the application programme executed in each portable module by the teleprogramming of the microcontroller system built into the latter circuit. Two applications of the network as set up are shown: analysis and transmission of a patient's electrocardiogram and the sending of a low-resolution video signal.

Launch vehicles and their evolution have shown increasing interest in performing additional and different measurements based on the specific application and mission. Into this frame an high configurable and high performance acquisition system can address the demand of having a customized measurement plan based on the flight needs. For the first two launches of VEGA European launcher TEMIS has developed and successfully performed an additional telemetry system to comply the heterogeneous needs in a single package.

In these times of Faster, Better, Cheaper (FBC) spacecraft, Spacecraft Operations Automation is an area that is targeted by many Operations Teams. To meet the challenges of the FBC environment, the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Operations Team designed and quickly implemented two new low-cost technologies: one which monitors spacecraft telemetry, checks the status of the telemetry, and contacts technical experts by pager when any telemetry datapoints exceed alarm limits, and a second which allows quick and convenient remote access to data displays. The first new technology is Automatic Alarm Notification (AAN). AAN monitors spacecraft telemetry and will notify engineers automatically if any telemetry is received which creates an alarm condition. The second new technology is Web Telemetry Display (WTD). WTD captures telemetry displays generated by the flight telemetry system and makes them available to the project web server. This allows engineers to check the health and status of the spacecraft from any computer capable of connecting to the global internet, without needing normally-required specialized hardware and software. Both of these technologies have greatly reduced operations costs by alleviating the need to have operations engineers monitor spacecraft performance on a 24 hour per day, 7 day per week basis from a central Mission Support Area. This paper gives details on the design and implementation of AAN and WTD, discusses their limitations, and lists the ongoing benefits which have accrued to MGS Flight Operations since their implementation in late 1996.

This document mainly describes how to design and implement a telemetry and telecontrol systems which is apply for satellite on ground test. Telemetry and telecontrol systems front-end software is part of a satellite's ground test system, running on a host computer, which is mainly used to complete the unified control and management of the telemetry and remote ground equipment. The software system has been tested on the ground for data communications from and to the satellite, which is one of the essential components during the ground test. The result shows that the software system operated stably and has achieved satisfactory test results.

We propose to leverage UHF RFID techniques to yield a continuously wearable, battery-free wireless multichannel ECG telemetry device that is potentially disposable, low-cost and suitable for integration with multiple electrodes in a flexible circuit assembly. Such a device could have broad applicability, ranging from initial patient assessment by first responders, to continuous monitoring in various clinical settings. We employ a recently described single-chip data acquisition system including RF power harvesting to eliminate the need for a battery. The single-chip system includes 14 channels of integrated biopotential amplification, an 11-bit ADC, and a 5 Mbps digital backscatter telemetry link. We present an initial characterization of the telemetry chip in this application including battery-free, wireless 3 and 5 channel ECG recordings made from an ambulatory human subject at a range of ≈ 1 meter.

Studies for human-machine interaction such as Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) using EEG has been focused on. Usability in daily life is critical for BCI. Therefore, a convenient portable telemetry EEG system at low cost is required. We developed "Air Brain system", a portable EEG telemetry system using 3G-network with a smartphone. The feature of the system is recording EEG at low cost, anywhere the system connecting 3G networks. In addition, various sensors on a smartphone are used to sense human behavior during EEG measurement. The system enables us to measure EEG immediately after walking, and we found attenuation of α-wave with eye closing.

The results presented show that the telemetry system described is convenient for transferring analog biomedical signals for a wide range of physiological parameters, even with low-cost standard communication media. The system developed is independent of the types and models of the signal-generating medical devices and is able to communicate worldwide over a broad range of communication medias. The results also show that there are differences in the transmission capacity among the communication media. These practical as well as theoretical differences are important for proper selection of communication devices. Anticipated activity in the field of communication technology (devices and protocols) towards higher data rates and lower costs is expected to further increase system performance. >

Intelligent telemetry water system is using GSM network platform, with single-chip microcomputer control technology and wireless network technology as the core, the intelligent information acquisition, processing to the user service terminals, to realize water level, water information sharing data telemetry. Realize remote data collection and the GSM wireless data transmission technology, combined with complete remote water level of telemetry, make the grassroots units get rid thoroughly artificial observation of water level in history.

This work aims to demonstrate an application of telemetry for monitoring process variables. The authors developed the prototype of a dedicated device capable of multiplexing, encoding and transmitting real-time data signals via amplitude-shift keying modulation to remotely located device(s). The prototype development is described in details, enabling the reproduction of the proposed telemetry system for a three-phase motor as well as for other devices. Furthermore, the proposed device has an easy implementation by using of accessible components and low cost, also presenting a tutorial and educational purpose.

This paper discusses the optical telemetry system for a life science experiment conducted in a space station, the feature of which is the telemetry of multichannel biosignals from a number of objects in the same booth. First, the enforced synchronization telemetry system is proposed. This system is based on two-way communication which forms the key to the simultaneous biosignal telemetry from a number of objects. Based on the proposal, an experimental system is constructed. The external system sends a command signal to the object side and then receives and demodulates the telemetry signal from the object side

With an ever increasing need for assessment of neurophysiological activity in connection with injury and basic research, the demand for an efficient and reliable data acquisition system rises. Brain-machine interfaces is one class of such systems that targets the central nervous system. A necessary step in the development of a brain-machine interface is to design and implement a reliable and efficient measurement system for neurophysiological signals. The use of telemetric devices increases the flexibility of the devices in terms of subject mobility and unobtrusiveness of the equipment. In this paper, we present a complete system architecture for a wearable telemetry system for the acquisition of neurophysiological data. The system has been miniaturized and implemented using surface-mount technology. System performance has been successfully verified and bottlenecks in the architecture have been identified.

This paper presents a novel ECG telemetry system based on Z-Wave communication protocol. The proposed system consists of small portable devices that acquire, compress and transmit the ECG to a RF-USB interface connected to a central monitoring computer. The received signals are filtered, QRS complexes and P and T waves are localized, and different waveforms are classified in order to be able to provide diagnosis tools like heart rate variability and turbulence analysis. Due to the limitation of communication bandwidth, the maximum number of measuring devices connected to a central monitor is four. The proposed system composed of inexpensive components can serve as flexible alternative to current ECG monitoring systems.

This paper describes an approach to automated testing of science instrument flight software using scripted commanding, telemetry capture, and intelligent telemetry verification. The most difficult piece of this approach, telemetry verification, is accomplished with a JPL-developed software package, HKCheck, which takes user- defined packet formats, error conditions, and goals, and verifies that binary telemetry meets the specified conditions. Packet formats are defined using an ASCII file, easily created in any text editor. Test-specific and context-specific error conditions are expressed using a simple C-like notation, enabling large amounts of telemetry from normal flight operation or system testing to be rapidly scanned for anomalous telemetry. Goals, like waypoints, are similarly expressed in simple notation, and allow telemetry analysts or test conductors to look for specific events in the telemetry stream. The power and flexibility of the HKCheck error and goal specification language enables context-dependent analysis of telemetry, and rapid, repeatable analysis of test results, encouraging more frequent testing, and reducing the risk of human error in test analysis. Use of HKCheck on Mars Climate Sounder enabled full regression testing of flight software every month or two, rather than just on major deliveries, giving developers confidence that software was working correctly and uncovering potential bugs earlier in the development cycle than standard methods allow. It has since been used, with extensions, on other flight projects as well.

A portable multi-channel telemetry system which can be used for brain stimulation and neuronal activity recording in freely behaving small animals is described here. This system consists of three major components of headstage, backpack and portable Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). The headstage contains high precision instrument amplifiers with high input impedance. The backpack is comprised of two parts: (1) a main board (size: 36 mm x 22 mm x 3.5 mm and weight: 40 g with batteries, 20 g without), with current/voltage stimulator and special circuit suitable for neuronal activity recording and (2) and a bluetooth transceiver, with a high data transmission rate up to 70 kb/s, suitable for downloading stimulation commands and uploading acquired data. We recorded neuronal activities of the primary motor area of a freely behaving rat with 12-bit resolution at 12 k samples/s. The recorded data and analysis results showed that the system was successful by comparing with the commercial equipment Cerebus 128-Channel Data Acquisition System (Cyberkinetics Inc.). Using the PDA, we can control stimulation and recording. It provides a flexible method to do some research work in the circumstances where other approaches would be difficult or impossible.

According to the reentry telemetry data acquisition system's features and special requirements, this paper introduces a novel reentry telemetry data acquisition system. With two high-speed DSP chips and ping-pong storage, it realizes acquisition function of hundreds of slow-changing signals. And the system can meet the needs of high-speed data acquisition, transmission and storage with low error rate and easy maintenance in practice.

In the range, block house telemetry plays an important role in providing quick look telemetry data of the airborne vehicle, particularly for initial phase of the trajectory to the range experts for their decision-making and control. Presently blockhouse telemetry front-end helical antenna is manually steered at the blockhouse top. This is a concern of safety and does not give any guarantee of acquiring data due to the poor visibility when the airborne vehicle goes far off. The paper describes prototype model of portable tracking antenna system that facilitates the user to control antenna both in manual and auto mode remotely from the block house. An array of four helical antennas were used to generate the dc tracking error in both azimuth and elevation plane. It also explains a control mechanism by which antenna systems are steered in both azimuth as well as elevation plane using power transistors and permanent magnet direct current motors. This method uses AGC comparison, which is relatively simpler and economical than conventional single channel amplitude comparison mono pulse or electronic scanning tracking method. The prototype was developed, tested and successfully driven the antenna in both manual as well as auto mode for real time telemetry data acquisition for airborne vehicle at blockhouse.

These In this paper we propose internet based real time telemetry distribution system to broadcast the telemetry data from any control base station in the world through telemetry web site. Any related person can access the telemetry web site to verify their interesting telemetry data in real-time with permission. This kind of real time telemetry broadcasting system is cost-effective solution for small organization that has a limit to access the large private communication network infrastructure to send and receive the data in real time. This proposed internet based real-time telemetry system will be very useful to reduce the cost of operation owing to the current stable internet infrastructure in the world. This system consists of ground base station to receive the telemetry signal from satellite including antennas, receiver, transmitter, modulator, demodulator, and sub-system, with interface board to give all the telemetry information to the telemetry PC. The received telemetry data will be extracted, archived, displayed and published across web in real time. In this paper we will demonstrate the hardware structure of this system, related software requirement.

The Telemetry Group of the Range Commanders Council has prepared this document to foster the compatibility of test methods for telemetry systems and subsystems at the member ranges. These standards do not necessarily define the existing capability of any test range, but constitute a guide for the orderly usage of test methods for telemetry systems and subsystems for both ranges and range users. The ultimate purpose is to ensure efficient interoperability between ranges, and compatibility of range user equipment with the ranges. TA telemetry system measurement begins with the sensing of a measurand by a transducer located either on a test vehicle or at a remote test site. It ends at a data storage/display device located at a receiving test site. Systems interconnected by radio links, direct wiring or electrooptical means, or any combination, are included. To ensure that data is of the highest possible quality, individual components should be tested and calibrated in a suitable laboratory before installing the system. Subsequently, the telemetry system should be subjected to a carefully conducted end-to-end calibration check just before, during, and immediately after the actual test. This document is intended to address general methodologies and techniques, and no attempt has been made to cover all possible cases.

A telemetry system which can measure u p to eight different EMG signals at the same time is presented. The system is full portable, c ontaining a bidirectional telemetry link with a personal computer. The whole system has been optimized to achieve a low-power measuring system, without losing any signal information up to 250 Hz. All settings of the system c an be set and controlled by the personal computer.

This experiment is to develop and implement an Internet based telemetry system. Telemetry is a science of automatically measuring or recording data from one or more instruments and transmitting them over a distance. The transmission of the data can be done over wires or radio waves but this experiment is implementing transmission of the data through the Internet. The system is consisting of local portion and remote portion. In the local portion, data are collected from external measuring devices (EMD) and interfaced to be stored into a local computer, which is connected to the Internet and functions as a server. In the remote portion, it consists of any remote computer that can access to the Internet and are able to access to the data from the local computer (the server) through the Internet. Hardware comprising a PIC microcontroller applied in interfacing circuits is developed to enable communication between the EMD and the local computer. Software programs are also developed for getting data and presenting Web pages to the user at both the local and remote computers. With the Internet based telemetry system, measured data can be accessed globally.

The Advanced Range Telemetry Integration and Support (ARTM I&S) program is developing a novel web-based system for automated testing and setup of telemetry receiving systems. This system shares test equipment between multiple tracking systems and allows for automated bit error rate (BER) as well as solar calibration tests. Complete receiver and bit synchronizer configurations can be stored to and recalled from a central database. The web-based implementation easily allows remote control utilization. This paper describes the software architecture and capabilities.

This paper describes the design of a virtual instrument (VI) for the remote telemetry station (RTS) of a radio telemetry system. The graphical programming language from LabVIEW was used to design and construct the VI. The task of RTS is to acquire, process, display and transmit environmental conditions data such as atmospheric pressure, humidity and temperature to the base telemetry station (BTS) via RF. The scope of this paper is to focus on the design and development of the RTS VI, which is composed of front panel and block diagram. The front panel was designed so that the user can control the acquisition and observe the data being acquired in numerical and graphical format on the computer screen. The block diagram, which is the program code was developed using graphical functions for controlling the front panel objects.

In this system, up to five test articles can be supported concurrently in real time. Data are received via both low- and high-speed telemetry links into a common data acquisition subsystem. The data acquisition subsystem consists of Metraplex and Aydin monitor hardware. Data is then routed into several-purpose telemetry preprocessors where they are tagged, edited and processed. The low-speed telemetry preprocessors are designed to use SEL 3270 computers. The new high-speed telemetry preprocessors use VAX 8600 coupled with Micro VAX II. In the architecture, the analysis and display elements have been combined to form an intelligent workstation environment using commercially available computers and displays. Each workstation can execute several real-time programs and direct data to two 19" high resolution monitors. Function keys, programmable latch keys and other user friendly input devices allow the test engineer to interact with the system and support the test requirements. >

The general architecture and functionality of the MacTAC (Macintosh II based telemetry and command) system, including the individual telemetry modules, the various input-output interfaces, and the flexible user interface are described. This system performs telemetry data processing functions including frame synchronization, Reed-Solomon decoding, and packet reassembly at moderate data rates of up to 5 Mb/s sustained (20 Mb/s burst). The MacTAC is an easy-to-use, low-cost, transportable system designed to meet requirements specified by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems, while remaining flexible enough to support a wide variety of other space data processing requirements (e.g., time-division multiplexed data). In addition, the MacTAC can generate forward (uplink) data such as spacecraft commands, calculate and append a CRC, and output the data to NASCOM (NASA's ground communication network) to provide full telemetry and command capability. Semicustom VLSI gate arrays perform many of the return link (telemetry) functions of NASCOM deblocking, correlation, and frame synchronization. Reed-Solomon decoding and source packet reassembly are performed by modern microprocessor and semicustom VLSI components. >

This paper describes a general purpose biomedical telemetry system consisting of an implantable VLSI chip and an RS232 compatible remote telemetry receiver. The implant supports a variety of programmable options to provide compatibility with a number of commercially available sensors. Additional hardware is included for the variation of sample rates and their occurrence to allow support for sensors of various speed. Also included is the capability to store samples in an internal static RAM, allowing the biological host to operate in its own environment without the need for an external monitor. Covered is the architecture of the proposed telemetry system, methods of implementation through HDL and comparative results obtained from these implementations.

The NASA Dryden Flight Test Center (DFRC) evaluated an optical device used as a visual aid in landing hypervelocity aircraft. Pilot performance in landing an F-104 instrumented with the Research External Vision Device (REVD) at Edwards Air Force Base was characterized by means of precision laser tracking and telemetry of the aircraft state. A self-contained mobile laser tracking system and telemetry acquisition system was designed and configured to provide the required position tracking and telemetry acquisition. Wireless air links providing internet connectivity to the DRFC computer network and automation of initial target acquisition for laser track operation were key factors in the development of a low cost, mobile position tracking and telemetry capability operable by a single person. Mission data support capabilities include real-time laser tracking and correlation with telemetry data; real-time displays; and internet access to all acquired flight test data. >

We developed the system which enables a patient to be treated at home during their daily life through digital telemetry and public communication line. In this study, remote diagnosis system based on video conferencing and wireless telemetry system were integrated together to form a remote monitoring homecare system, and the overall system underwent the validation. Test ECG signals were transmitted wirelessly not hindering a patient's movement in one floor of our building, and the stability was assessed. The signals were transmitted to remote host via ISDN, with a patients voice and moving image. To control the system and manage files remotely, the interactive model was devised for this study.

The need to move large volumes of data and control signals between an instrument complex and command center for such diverse oceanographic systems as a remotely controlled deep towed survey sled, a tethered ROV test vehicle and a multi-sensor shallow water observatory complex have lead to the development of a versatile high speed fiber optic telemetry system for use with a broad range of sensors and system architecture's. Since this telemetry system is intended to provide communications between a wide variety of oceanographic sensors, such as analog sonar, high resolution electronic still cameras and Ethernet, it has been designed to be modular, with the use of plug in circuit cards comprising the interface to specific sensors. With a full duplex usable capacity of 100 megabits per second in each direction, the telemetry system will operate over a pair of single mode or multi mode fibers, and with the addition of a wave division multiplexer, single fiber bi-directional operation is possible. This paper provides an overview of the design considerations used to develop the telemetry system which has broad applications in oceanographic data acquisition and control. Originally developed for a deep towed imaging vehicle operated by the Naval Oceanographic Office, the telemetry system provides the user with many simultaneous independent data channels, each with deterministic transit time and low latency. Inherent modularity of the fundamental fiber optic telemetry system design gives the vehicle operators the flexibility to upgrade or add new sensors to the tow sled as their requirements dictate. This versatility is demonstrated by showing the use of the telemetry In the tethered ROV TROV, and as the communication link currently operating between the LEO-15 seafloor observatory off the cost of New Jersey and the LEO shore station at the Rutgers University facility in Tuckerton.

The US Army AFDD recently completed flight testing of a CH-47 helicopter to refine the handling qualities requirements for cargo-class rotorcraft. A self contained mobile laser tracking system and telemetry acquisition system was designed and configured to provide the requisite position tracking and telemetry acquisition. Real time tracking data correlated with aircraft acquired telemetry data was used to drive a real time display monitor. The purpose of this paper is to describe the design and capabilities of this computer graphics generated display developed specifically for the purposes of real-time flight test visualization.

NASA's Small Spacecraft Technology Initiative (SSTI) is developing two "pathfinder" spacecraft, Lewis and Clark, to demonstrate a better, faster, cheaper approach to gain valuable space science and technology. SSTI is a two year to flight program. The science instruments and several of the advanced technology demonstrations each require periods of high bandwidth telemetry. These requirements cannot all be met simultaneously with a conventional fixed telemetry stream, given the relatively low bandwidth of the communication link. A Variable Telemetry Protocol (VTP) and associated flight and ground software have been developed for the SSTI Clark program to handle the temporal variation in telemetry bandwidth during the mission. The VTP protocol is capable of modifying the content and rate of the telemetry stream based on a simple ground command. This paper will discuss the software implemented in the Command and Data Handling subsystem for the collection, storage and flow control of telemetry in a multiprocessor environment. In addition, a relational database management system will be discussed which captures all required telemetry attributes and automatically generates flight code used to setup measurement storage, processing and monitoring functions. This database also contains a built-in communication link simulation to test telemetry configurations against the capability of the communication link and associated contact profile.

The objective of this paper is to discuss on the implementation of cryptographic security algorithms for radio telemetry using the graphical programming software from National Instruments known as LabVIEW. The telemetry system consists of a remote telemetry station (RTS) and base telemetry station (BTS) for acquiring and monitoring environmental conditions respectively. RTS setup includes a desktop computer integrated with a data acquisition system, 1200 bps modem and GP300 Motorola walkie talkie (see Ghodgaonkar, D.K. et al., IEEE Proceedings Malaysia Section 2nd National Conference on Telecommunications Technology, p.88-93, 1998). The BTS has the same setup as the RTS except that it does not have a data acquisition system. The walkie-talkie operating frequency is 477.1 MHz with FM transmission. A combination of One Time Pad (OTP) and Caesar Cipher cryptographic algorithms are implemented in order to safeguard the information from eavesdroppers. OTP was chosen because it is suitable for low bit rate data.

This study presents a computer program, developed to support a low-cost, portable telemetry system that has been designed to assess footfall timing. This software frees the user from data processing and allows concentration on data analysis. The new technique has been applied with accuracy and reliability to the analysis of the gait of orthopedic patients, athletes, mountaineers, etc. The subroutines developed for data acquisition, storage and analysis are explained in detail, and an example is presented. Comput Methods Programs Biomed

The purpose of the present study was to check the reliability of measurements of oxygen uptake (VO2) using a newly developed portable telemetry system. This system (K2) consisted of a face mask, a flow meter, a gas analyser with a transmitter, and a receiver. The total mass for the subject to carry was about 850 g. Three experiments were carried out, firstly to check the reliability and reproducibility of the flow meter and the K2 gas analyser, secondly to check the accuracy of K2 by comparing it with the Douglas bag method (DB), and thirdly to apply K2 to sports activities. In the first experiment, the flow meter was highly accurate up to 180 l·min−1 with good reproducibility. The measurement error of the gas analyser was less than 2%. In the second experiment, there was no significant difference in the calculated ventilation between K2 and DB. The VO2 showed no significant difference between K2 and DB with some exceptions. In the third experiment, we succeeded in the measurement of VO2 during rowing on water. The measurement of VO2 during running and playing soccer was also possible. It would seem that the present system could well be a powerful tool in the field measurement of VO2 during various sports activities.