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The purpose of the study was to develop a Short-Form Chinese version of the Health and Safety Executive’s Management Standards Indicator Tool that can be used to measure work-related stress among nurses in Taiwan. Three subscales (supportive climate, role perception, and workload) were developed from an exploratory factor analysis. The three-factor confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model fit the data well. The evidence based on convergent validity was supported by a significant correlation between the Short-Form Chinese version of the Health and Safety Executive’s Management Standards Indicator Tool and the job satisfaction subscale of the Chinese Patient Safety Attitude Questionnaire. Cronbach’s α values demonstrated internal item consistency for the Short-Form Chinese version of the Health and Safety Executive’s Management Standards Indicator Tool.

This study examined the methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) retention rates of heroin users in Taiwan and the predictors for dropout in the 18-month period after starting MMT. We consecutively recruited 368 intravenous heroin users receiving MMT in 2007-2008 and applied Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to determine the predictive effect of pre- and in-treatment variables on early discontinuation of MMT. The retention rate at 18 months was 32.3%. High heroin expenses, more severe harm caused by heroin use, perceived lower family support, and lower methadone dosage at 3 months after starting MMT increased the risk of dropout in the follow-up period.